array:23 [
  "pii" => "S1579212906602620"
  "issn" => "15792129"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(06)60262-0"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "2005-08-01"
  "aid" => "60262"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "2005"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "subdocumento" => "sco"
  "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2005;41:468-70"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => false
    "ES2" => false
    "LATM" => false
  ]
  "gratuito" => false
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 3438
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 110
      "HTML" => 2195
      "PDF" => 1133
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S1579212906602632"
    "issn" => "15792129"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(06)60263-2"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2005-08-01"
    "aid" => "60263"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "cor"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2005;41:471"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 2018
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 115
        "HTML" => 1345
        "PDF" => 558
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:8 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>"
      "titulo" => "Pulmonary Adenocarcinoma Presenting as Diffuse Interstitial Lung Disease"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:1 [
          "paginaInicial" => "471"
        ]
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "E&#46; M&#225;rquez Mart&#237;n, E&#46; Rodr&#237;guez Becerra"
          "autores" => array:2 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "E&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "M&#225;rquez Mart&#237;n"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "E&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Rodr&#237;guez Becerra"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212906602632?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/15792129/0000004100000008/v1_201305150223/S1579212906602632/v1_201305150223/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S1579212906602619"
    "issn" => "15792129"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(06)60261-9"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "2005-08-01"
    "aid" => "60261"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Espa&#241;ola de Neumolog&#237;a y Cirug&#237;a Tor&#225;cica &#40;SEPAR&#41;"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "rev"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2005;41:457-67"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => false
      "ES2" => false
      "LATM" => false
    ]
    "gratuito" => false
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 3001
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 123
        "HTML" => 2145
        "PDF" => 733
      ]
    ]
    "en" => array:8 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Review Article</span>"
      "titulo" => "Lung Transplantation in Spain&#58; an Update"
      "tienePdf" => "en"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "457"
          "paginaFinal" => "467"
        ]
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "en" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "J&#46;M&#46; Borro"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "preGrado" => "Dr&#46;"
              "nombre" => "J&#46;M&#46;"
              "apellidos" => "Borro"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212906602619?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/15792129/0000004100000008/v1_201305150223/S1579212906602619/v1_201305150223/en/main.assets"
  ]
  "en" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Case Report</span>"
    "titulo" => "Chronic Idiopathic Lithoptysis"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "468"
        "paginaFinal" => "470"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:1 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "E&#46; Garc&#237;a Pach&#243;n, F&#46; Grases, I&#46; Padilla Navas, J&#46;A&#46; Gallego, B&#46; Valero, V&#46; Romero"
        "autores" => array:6 [
          0 => array:5 [
            "preGrado" => "Dr&#46;"
            "nombre" => "E&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Garc&#237;a Pach&#243;n"
            "email" => array:1 [
              0 => "egpachon&#64;hotmail&#46;com"
            ]
            "referencia" => array:2 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
              1 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "F&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Grases"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff2"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "I&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Padilla Navas"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "J&#46;A&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Gallego"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff3"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          4 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "B&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Valero"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff4"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          5 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "V&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Romero"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff1"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:4 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Secci&#243;n de Neumolog&#237;a&#44; Hospital General Universitario de Elche&#44; Elche&#44; Alicante&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff1"
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Laboratorio de Investigaci&#243;n en Litiasis Renal&#44; Universitat de les Illes Balears&#44; Palma de Mallorca&#44; Islas Baleares&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff2"
          ]
          2 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Radiodiagn&#243;stico&#44; Hospital General Universitario de Elche&#44; Elche&#44; Alicante&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff3"
          ]
          3 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Servicio de Medicina Interna&#44; Hospital General Universitario de Alicante&#44; Alicante&#44; Spain"
            "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>"
            "identificador" => "aff4"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor1"
            "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
            "correspondencia" => "Correspondence&#58; Dr&#46; E&#46; Garc&#237;a Pach&#243;n&#46; Secci&#243;n de Neumolog&#237;a&#46; Hospital General Universitario&#46; Cam&#237; de l&#39;Almazara&#44; 11&#46; 03203 Elche&#46; Alicante&#46; Espa&#241;a"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2004-09-28"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2004-10-03"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key Words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154138"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Broncholithiasis"
            1 => "Broncholiths"
            2 => "Expectoration"
            3 => "Hydroxyapatite"
            4 => "Lithoptysis"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154137"
          "palabras" => array:5 [
            0 => "Broncolitiasis"
            1 => "Broncolito"
            2 => "Expectoraci&#243;n"
            3 => "Hidroxiapatita"
            4 => "Litoptisis"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Chronic Idiopathic Lithoptysis</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Broncholiths&#44; which usually arise from calcified peribronchial lymph nodes&#44; can be found by radiography or bronchoscopy&#46; We describe the case of a 19-year-old man who had experienced lithoptysis of bronchial hydroxyapatite calculi for over 6 months and who reported having sandy expectoration since childhood&#46; Exhaustive clinical&#44; radiographic&#44; and endoscopic diagnostic studies detected no calcified lesions in the thorax that could explain the origin of the broncholiths&#46; Therefore&#44; we propose that broncholiths may form by mechanisms similar to those involved in calculi formation in other locations&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "es" => array:1 [
        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La litoptisis &#40;expectoraci&#243;n de piedras&#41; es un hallazgo cl&#237;nico muy infrecuente&#46; Los broncolitos&#44; secundarios en general a ganglios linf&#225;ticos peribronquiales calcificados&#44; se pueden hallar en las exploraciones radiol&#243;gicas o en la broncoscopia&#46; Describimos el caso de un var&#243;n de 19 a&#241;os con litoptisis&#44; durante m&#225;s de 6 meses&#44; de c&#225;lculos bronquiales de hidroxiapatita que refer&#237;a expectoraci&#243;n de arenilla desde la infancia&#46; A pesar de un extenso estudio diagn&#243;stico cl&#237;nico&#44; radiol&#243;gico y endosc&#243;pico&#44; no se detectaron lesiones calcificadas en el t&#243;rax que pudieran explicar el origen de los broncolitos&#44; por lo que se propone un mecanismo de formaci&#243;n similar al de los c&#225;lculos de otras localizaciones&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "REFERENCES"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:1 [
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:20 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib1"
              "etiqueta" => "1"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of broncholithiasis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "GF Dixon"
                            1 => "RL Donnenberg"
                            2 => "SA Schonfeld"
                            3 => "ME Whitcomb"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1164/arrd.1984.129.6.1028"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis"
                        "fecha" => "1984"
                        "volumen" => "129"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1028"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1030"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6732045"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib2"
              "etiqueta" => "2"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Broncholithiasis&#58; rare but still present"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "AS Nollet"
                            1 => "JF Vansteenkiste"
                            2 => "MG Demedts"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Respir Med"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "92"
                        "paginaInicial" => "963"
                        "paginaFinal" => "965"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10070571"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib3"
              "etiqueta" => "3"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "The surgical implication of broncholithiasis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "LP Faber"
                            1 => "RJ Jensik"
                            2 => "SK Chawla"
                            3 => "CF Kittle"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg"
                        "fecha" => "1975"
                        "volumen" => "70"
                        "paginaInicial" => "779"
                        "paginaFinal" => "789"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1186271"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib4"
              "etiqueta" => "4"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Broncholithiasis&#58; review of the causes with radiologic-pathologic correlation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "JB Seo"
                            1 => "KS Song"
                            2 => "JS Lee"
                            3 => "JM Goo"
                            4 => "HY Kim"
                            5 => "JW Song"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1148/radiographics.22.suppl_1.g02oc07s199"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Radiographics"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "22"
                        "paginaInicial" => "S199"
                        "paginaFinal" => "S213"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12376611"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib5"
              "etiqueta" => "5"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Broncholithiasis and lithoptysis associated with silicosis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "VC Antao"
                            1 => "GA Pinheiro"
                            2 => "JM Jansen"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "20"
                        "paginaInicial" => "1057"
                        "paginaFinal" => "1059"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12412703"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib6"
              "etiqueta" => "6"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "F&#237;stula broncoesof&#225;gica y broncolitiasis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "J Carvajal Balaguera"
                            1 => "S Mallagray Casas"
                            2 => "R Mart&#237;nez Cruz"
                            3 => "A Dancausa Monge"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol"
                        "fecha" => "1995"
                        "volumen" => "32"
                        "paginaInicial" => "184"
                        "paginaFinal" => "187"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib7"
              "etiqueta" => "7"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Broncolitiasis secundaria a infecci&#243;n activa por Mycobacterium avium"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "C Ruiz Mart&#237;nez"
                            1 => "A P&#233;rez Trull&#233;n"
                            2 => "MC Aguirre Daban"
                            3 => "JL Orcastegui Candial"
                            4 => "FJ Su&#225;rez Pinilla"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol"
                        "fecha" => "1996"
                        "volumen" => "32"
                        "paginaInicial" => "486"
                        "paginaFinal" => "488"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9064088"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib8"
              "etiqueta" => "8"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Aspergiloma pulmonar y broncolitiasis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "JF de Frutos Arribas"
                            1 => "MC del R&#237;o Fern&#225;ndez"
                            2 => "M Blanco Cabero"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "34"
                        "paginaInicial" => "169"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9611648"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib9"
              "etiqueta" => "9"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Fiberoptic bronchoscopy for refractory cough"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "RP Sen"
                            1 => "TE Walsh"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "1991"
                        "volumen" => "99"
                        "paginaInicial" => "33"
                        "paginaFinal" => "35"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1984981"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib10"
              "etiqueta" => "10"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Therapeutic bronchoscopy in broncholithiasis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "EJ Olson"
                            1 => "JP Utz"
                            2 => "UBS Prakash"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.160.3.9810021"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med"
                        "fecha" => "1999"
                        "volumen" => "160"
                        "paginaInicial" => "766"
                        "paginaFinal" => "770"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10471594"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib11"
              "etiqueta" => "11"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Chronic lithoptysis with multiple bilateral broncholiths"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "IM Samson"
                            1 => "LJ Rossoff"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "1997"
                        "volumen" => "112"
                        "paginaInicial" => "563"
                        "paginaFinal" => "565"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9266905"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib12"
              "etiqueta" => "12"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Broncholithiasis&#46; A review of twenty-seven cases"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "LK Groves"
                            1 => "DB Effler"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Tuberc"
                        "fecha" => "1956"
                        "volumen" => "73"
                        "paginaInicial" => "19"
                        "paginaFinal" => "30"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/13275663"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib13"
              "etiqueta" => "13"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "All that wheezes is not asthma&#46; Broncholithiasis&#44; a forgotten disease"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "SY Low"
                            1 => "P Eng"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Acad Med Singapore"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "31"
                        "paginaInicial" => "528"
                        "paginaFinal" => "530"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12161893"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib14"
              "etiqueta" => "14"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mediastinal abscess due to passage of a broncholith"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "SM Studer"
                            1 => "RF Hetmiller"
                            2 => "PB Terry"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "2002"
                        "volumen" => "121"
                        "paginaInicial" => "296"
                        "paginaFinal" => "297"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11796470"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib15"
              "etiqueta" => "15"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Bilateral partial bronchial obstruction due to broncholithiasis treated with laser therapy"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "RW Snyder"
                            1 => "M Unger"
                            2 => "RW Sawicki"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "113"
                        "paginaInicial" => "240"
                        "paginaFinal" => "242"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9440598"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0009739X10002496"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "0009739X"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib16"
              "etiqueta" => "16"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Management of broncholithiasis&#58; is thoracotomy necessary&#63;"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "FH Cole"
                            1 => "FH Cole Jr"
                            2 => "A Khandekar"
                            3 => "DC Watson"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann thorac Surg"
                        "fecha" => "1986"
                        "volumen" => "42"
                        "paginaInicial" => "255"
                        "paginaFinal" => "257"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3753073"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib17"
              "etiqueta" => "17"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Broncholithiasis&#58; its detection by computed tomography in patients with recurrent hemoptysis of unknown origin"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "MS Shin"
                            1 => "KJ Ho"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Comput Tomogr"
                        "fecha" => "1983"
                        "volumen" => "7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "189"
                        "paginaFinal" => "193"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6872567"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib18"
              "etiqueta" => "18"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Broncholithiasis&#58; CT features in 15 patients"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "DJ Conces"
                            1 => "RD Tarver"
                            2 => "VA Vix"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.2214/ajr.157.2.1853800"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "AJR Am J Roentgenol"
                        "fecha" => "1991"
                        "volumen" => "157"
                        "paginaInicial" => "249"
                        "paginaFinal" => "253"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1853800"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib19"
              "etiqueta" => "19"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Biopathological crystallization&#58; a general view about the mechanism of renal stone formation"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "F Grases"
                            1 => "A Costa-Bauz&#225;"
                            2 => "L Garc&#237;a-Ferragut"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Adv Colloid Interface Sci"
                        "fecha" => "1998"
                        "volumen" => "74"
                        "paginaInicial" => "169"
                        "paginaFinal" => "194"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9561720"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib20"
              "etiqueta" => "20"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Sialolithiasis&#58; mechanism of calculi formation and etiologic factors"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "F Grases"
                            1 => "C Santiago"
                            2 => "BM Simonet"
                            3 => "A Costa-Bauz&#225;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Clin Chim Acta"
                        "fecha" => "2003"
                        "volumen" => "334"
                        "paginaInicial" => "131"
                        "paginaFinal" => "136"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12867283"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "en"
  "url" => "/15792129/0000004100000008/v1_201305150223/S1579212906602620/v1_201305150223/en/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => null
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15792129/0000004100000008/v1_201305150223/S1579212906602620/v1_201305150223/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://archbronconeumol.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212906602620?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
]
Share
Journal Information
Vol. 41. Issue 8.
Pages 468-470 (August 2005)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 41. Issue 8.
Pages 468-470 (August 2005)
Case Report
Full text access
Chronic Idiopathic Lithoptysis
Visits
5571
E. García Pachóna,
Corresponding author
egpachon@hotmail.com

Correspondence: Dr. E. García Pachón. Sección de Neumología. Hospital General Universitario. Camí de l'Almazara, 11. 03203 Elche. Alicante. España
, F. Grasesb, I. Padilla Navasa, J.A. Gallegoc, B. Valerod, V. Romeroa
a Sección de Neumología, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
b Laboratorio de Investigación en Litiasis Renal, Universitat de les Illes Balears, Palma de Mallorca, Islas Baleares, Spain
c Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital General Universitario de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain
d Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Alicante, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics

Chronic Idiopathic Lithoptysis

Broncholiths, which usually arise from calcified peribronchial lymph nodes, can be found by radiography or bronchoscopy. We describe the case of a 19-year-old man who had experienced lithoptysis of bronchial hydroxyapatite calculi for over 6 months and who reported having sandy expectoration since childhood. Exhaustive clinical, radiographic, and endoscopic diagnostic studies detected no calcified lesions in the thorax that could explain the origin of the broncholiths. Therefore, we propose that broncholiths may form by mechanisms similar to those involved in calculi formation in other locations.

Key Words:
Broncholithiasis
Broncholiths
Expectoration
Hydroxyapatite
Lithoptysis

La litoptisis (expectoración de piedras) es un hallazgo clínico muy infrecuente. Los broncolitos, secundarios en general a ganglios linfáticos peribronquiales calcificados, se pueden hallar en las exploraciones radiológicas o en la broncoscopia. Describimos el caso de un varón de 19 años con litoptisis, durante más de 6 meses, de cálculos bronquiales de hidroxiapatita que refería expectoración de arenilla desde la infancia. A pesar de un extenso estudio diagnóstico clínico, radiológico y endoscópico, no se detectaron lesiones calcificadas en el tórax que pudieran explicar el origen de los broncolitos, por lo que se propone un mecanismo de formación similar al de los cálculos de otras localizaciones.

Palabras clave:
Broncolitiasis
Broncolito
Expectoración
Hidroxiapatita
Litoptisis
Full text is only aviable in PDF
REFERENCES
[1]
GF Dixon, RL Donnenberg, SA Schonfeld, ME Whitcomb.
Advances in the diagnosis and treatment of broncholithiasis.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 129 (1984), pp. 1028-1030
[2]
AS Nollet, JF Vansteenkiste, MG Demedts.
Broncholithiasis: rare but still present.
Respir Med, 92 (1998), pp. 963-965
[3]
LP Faber, RJ Jensik, SK Chawla, CF Kittle.
The surgical implication of broncholithiasis.
J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg, 70 (1975), pp. 779-789
[4]
JB Seo, KS Song, JS Lee, JM Goo, HY Kim, JW Song, et al.
Broncholithiasis: review of the causes with radiologic-pathologic correlation.
[5]
VC Antao, GA Pinheiro, JM Jansen.
Broncholithiasis and lithoptysis associated with silicosis.
Eur Respir J, 20 (2002), pp. 1057-1059
[6]
J Carvajal Balaguera, S Mallagray Casas, R Martínez Cruz, A Dancausa Monge.
Fístula broncoesofágica y broncolitiasis.
Arch Bronconeumol, 32 (1995), pp. 184-187
[7]
C Ruiz Martínez, A Pérez Trullén, MC Aguirre Daban, JL Orcastegui Candial, FJ Suárez Pinilla.
Broncolitiasis secundaria a infección activa por Mycobacterium avium.
Arch Bronconeumol, 32 (1996), pp. 486-488
[8]
JF de Frutos Arribas, MC del Río Fernández, M Blanco Cabero.
Aspergiloma pulmonar y broncolitiasis.
Arch Bronconeumol, 34 (1998), pp. 169
[9]
RP Sen, TE Walsh.
Fiberoptic bronchoscopy for refractory cough.
Chest, 99 (1991), pp. 33-35
[10]
EJ Olson, JP Utz, UBS Prakash.
Therapeutic bronchoscopy in broncholithiasis.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 160 (1999), pp. 766-770
[11]
IM Samson, LJ Rossoff.
Chronic lithoptysis with multiple bilateral broncholiths.
Chest, 112 (1997), pp. 563-565
[12]
LK Groves, DB Effler.
Broncholithiasis. A review of twenty-seven cases.
Am Rev Tuberc, 73 (1956), pp. 19-30
[13]
SY Low, P Eng.
All that wheezes is not asthma. Broncholithiasis, a forgotten disease.
Ann Acad Med Singapore, 31 (2002), pp. 528-530
[14]
SM Studer, RF Hetmiller, PB Terry.
Mediastinal abscess due to passage of a broncholith.
Chest, 121 (2002), pp. 296-297
[15]
RW Snyder, M Unger, RW Sawicki.
Bilateral partial bronchial obstruction due to broncholithiasis treated with laser therapy.
Chest, 113 (1998), pp. 240-242
[16]
FH Cole, FH Cole Jr, A Khandekar, DC Watson.
Management of broncholithiasis: is thoracotomy necessary?.
Ann thorac Surg, 42 (1986), pp. 255-257
[17]
MS Shin, KJ Ho.
Broncholithiasis: its detection by computed tomography in patients with recurrent hemoptysis of unknown origin.
J Comput Tomogr, 7 (1983), pp. 189-193
[18]
DJ Conces, RD Tarver, VA Vix.
Broncholithiasis: CT features in 15 patients.
AJR Am J Roentgenol, 157 (1991), pp. 249-253
[19]
F Grases, A Costa-Bauzá, L García-Ferragut.
Biopathological crystallization: a general view about the mechanism of renal stone formation.
Adv Colloid Interface Sci, 74 (1998), pp. 169-194
[20]
F Grases, C Santiago, BM Simonet, A Costa-Bauzá.
Sialolithiasis: mechanism of calculi formation and etiologic factors.
Clin Chim Acta, 334 (2003), pp. 131-136
Copyright © 2005. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?