array:23 [
  "pii" => "S0300289615307894"
  "issn" => "03002896"
  "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(15)30789-4"
  "estado" => "S300"
  "fechaPublicacion" => "1996-04-01"
  "aid" => "70859"
  "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica"
  "copyrightAnyo" => "1996"
  "documento" => "article"
  "crossmark" => 0
  "subdocumento" => "fla"
  "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 1996;32:205-8"
  "abierto" => array:3 [
    "ES" => true
    "ES2" => true
    "LATM" => true
  ]
  "gratuito" => true
  "lecturas" => array:2 [
    "total" => 2769
    "formatos" => array:3 [
      "EPUB" => 75
      "HTML" => 842
      "PDF" => 1852
    ]
  ]
  "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0300289615307900"
    "issn" => "03002896"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(15)30790-0"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "1996-04-01"
    "aid" => "70860"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica"
    "documento" => "simple-article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "cor"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 1996;32:209"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 1086
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 54
        "HTML" => 595
        "PDF" => 437
      ]
    ]
    "es" => array:7 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Nódulos múltiples como forma de presentación de un carcinoma de células gigantes de pulmón"
      "tienePdf" => "es"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:1 [
          "paginaInicial" => "209"
        ]
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "es" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "E. Calderón Osuna, R. Otero Candelera, J. Toral Marín"
          "autores" => array:3 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "E."
              "apellidos" => "Calderón Osuna"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "R."
              "apellidos" => "Otero Candelera"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "J."
              "apellidos" => "Toral Marín"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289615307900?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/03002896/0000003200000004/v1_201506230047/S0300289615307900/v1_201506230047/es/main.assets"
  ]
  "itemAnterior" => array:18 [
    "pii" => "S0300289615307882"
    "issn" => "03002896"
    "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(15)30788-2"
    "estado" => "S300"
    "fechaPublicacion" => "1996-04-01"
    "aid" => "70858"
    "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica"
    "documento" => "article"
    "crossmark" => 0
    "subdocumento" => "fla"
    "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 1996;32:202-4"
    "abierto" => array:3 [
      "ES" => true
      "ES2" => true
      "LATM" => true
    ]
    "gratuito" => true
    "lecturas" => array:2 [
      "total" => 1743
      "formatos" => array:3 [
        "EPUB" => 84
        "HTML" => 668
        "PDF" => 991
      ]
    ]
    "es" => array:10 [
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
      "titulo" => "Fístula traqueoesofágica congénita en un varón de 15 años"
      "tienePdf" => "es"
      "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
      "tieneResumen" => array:2 [
        0 => "es"
        1 => "en"
      ]
      "paginas" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "paginaInicial" => "202"
          "paginaFinal" => "204"
        ]
      ]
      "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
        "en" => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Congenital tracheoesophageal fístula in a 15-years-old boy"
        ]
      ]
      "contieneResumen" => array:2 [
        "es" => true
        "en" => true
      ]
      "contienePdf" => array:1 [
        "es" => true
      ]
      "autores" => array:2 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "E. Martín Díaz, A. Arnau Obrer, A. Cantó Armengod, R.V. Lluch Mota, J. Galbis Caravajal"
          "autores" => array:5 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "E."
              "apellidos" => "Martín Díaz"
            ]
            1 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A."
              "apellidos" => "Arnau Obrer"
            ]
            2 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "A."
              "apellidos" => "Cantó Armengod"
            ]
            3 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "R.V."
              "apellidos" => "Lluch Mota"
            ]
            4 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "J."
              "apellidos" => "Galbis Caravajal"
            ]
          ]
        ]
        1 => array:2 [
          "autoresLista" => "B. García Ferrada"
          "autores" => array:1 [
            0 => array:2 [
              "nombre" => "B."
              "apellidos" => "García Ferrada"
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
    "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289615307882?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
    "url" => "/03002896/0000003200000004/v1_201506230047/S0300289615307882/v1_201506230047/es/main.assets"
  ]
  "es" => array:14 [
    "idiomaDefecto" => true
    "titulo" => "Candidiasis laríngea aislada. Descripción de 2 casos y revisión de la literatura"
    "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0
    "paginas" => array:1 [
      0 => array:2 [
        "paginaInicial" => "205"
        "paginaFinal" => "208"
      ]
    ]
    "autores" => array:2 [
      0 => array:4 [
        "autoresLista" => "D. Alba, F. Molina, J.J. Vázquez"
        "autores" => array:3 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "D."
            "apellidos" => "Alba"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span>"
                "identificador" => "cor0005"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "F&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Molina"
          ]
          2 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "J&#46;J&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "V&#225;zquez"
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "entidad" => "Departamentos de Medicina Interna&#46; Hospital La Paz&#46; Madrid"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
          ]
        ]
        "correspondencia" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "identificador" => "cor0005"
            "etiqueta" => "1"
            "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia&#58; Isabel Rosillo&#44; 8&#44; l&#46;&#176; C&#46; 28100 Madrid&#46;"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:3 [
        "autoresLista" => "C&#46; Perna, L&#46; Ortega"
        "autores" => array:2 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "C&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Perna"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
          1 => array:3 [
            "nombre" => "L&#46;"
            "apellidos" => "Ortega"
            "referencia" => array:1 [
              0 => array:2 [
                "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#42;</span>"
                "identificador" => "aff0010"
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:3 [
            "entidad" => "Departamentos de Anatom&#237;a Patol&#243;gica&#46; Hospital La Paz&#46; Madrid"
            "etiqueta" => "&#42;"
            "identificador" => "aff0010"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
      "en" => array:1 [
        "titulo" => "Isolated laryngeal candidiasis&#46; Two cases and review of the literature"
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "1995-08-28"
    "fechaAceptado" => "1995-10-11"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec546142"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Candidiasis lar&#237;ngea"
            1 => "Candidiasis aislada"
            2 => "Laringitis"
            3 => "Epiglotitis"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Key words"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec546143"
          "palabras" => array:4 [
            0 => "Laryngeal candidiasis"
            1 => "Isolated candidiasis"
            2 => "Laryngitis"
            3 => "Epiglottitis"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La infecci&#243;n lar&#237;ngea por Candida es infrecuente y habitualmente secundaria a candidiasis pulmonar o diseminada&#46;</p><p id="spar1005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La candidiasis lar&#237;ngea aislada &#40;CLA&#41; es una entidad rara&#44; aunque su incidencia puede estar infraestimada&#46; Describimos 2 pacientes con CLA documentados en la necropsia&#58; un var&#243;n de 45 a&#241;os con fibrosis pulmonar y una ni&#241;a de 4 a&#241;os con leucemia aguda mielobl&#225;stica&#46; Los s&#237;ntomas m&#225;s frecuentes de CLA son ronquera y disfagia&#46; El m&#233;todo diagn&#243;stico m&#225;s eficaz es la laringoscopia con toma de muestras para cultivo y&#47;o estudio histopatol&#243;gico&#46; La laringoscopia muestra habitualmente placas blanquecinas lar&#237;ngeas&#46; La mayor&#237;a de pacientes con CLA tienen alguna enfermedad asociada y&#47;o otros factores predisponentes&#44; con frecuencia terapia previa con antibi&#243;ticos&#46; El tratamiento m&#225;s eficaz es la anfotericina B intravenosa&#44; si bien son &#250;tiles otros antimic&#243;ticos&#46; El reconocimiento y la terapia tempranos de la entidad limitan su morbilidad y&#44; potencialmente&#44; previenen la diseminaci&#243;n sist&#233;mica&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Infection of the larynx by Candida is rare and usually accompanies lung or disseminated candidiasis&#46; The incidence of isolated laryngeal candidiasis &#40;ILC&#41; is low&#44; although it may be underestimated&#46; We describe 2 patients with ILC confirmed during autopsy&#58; a 45-years-old male with pulmonary fibrosis and a 4-years-old girl with acute myeloblastic leukemia&#46; Hoarseness and dysphagia are the most common symptoms of ILC&#46; The most effective diagnostic technique is laryngoscopy with specimen culture and&#47;or histopathology&#46; Specimens usually show whitish plaques on the larynx&#46; Most ILC patients have some associated disease and&#47;or predisposing factors&#44; with frequent antibiotic treatment prior to the advent of candidiasis&#46; Intravenous amphotericin B provides the most effective therapy&#44; although other antimycotics are also useful&#46; Early diagnosis and initiation of therapy curtail the disease and can prevent systemic dissemination&#46;</p></span>"
      ]
    ]
    "bibliografia" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Bibliograf&#237;a"
      "seccion" => array:1 [
        0 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "bibs0005"
          "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:22 [
            0 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0005"
              "etiqueta" => "1&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Severe candidal infections&#58; clinical perspective&#44; immune defense mechanisms&#44; and current concepts of therapy"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "J&#46;E&#46; Edwards Jr&#46;"
                            1 => "R&#46;I&#46; Lehrer"
                            2 => "E&#46;R&#46; Stiehm"
                            3 => "T&#46;J&#46; Fisher"
                            4 => "L&#46;S&#46; Young"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Intern Med"
                        "fecha" => "1978"
                        "volumen" => "89"
                        "paginaInicial" => "91"
                        "paginaFinal" => "106"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/352220"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            1 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0010"
              "etiqueta" => "2&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Focal hepatic candidiasis&#58; a distinct clinical variant of candidiasis in immunocompromised hosts"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "L&#46;S&#46; Tashjian"
                            1 => "J&#46;S&#46; Abramsam"
                            2 => "J&#46;E&#46; Peacock Jr&#46;"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Infect Dis"
                        "fecha" => "1984"
                        "volumen" => "6"
                        "paginaInicial" => "689"
                        "paginaFinal" => "703"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6390640"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            2 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0015"
              "etiqueta" => "3&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candidal infection in the central nervous system"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "S&#46;A&#46; Lipton"
                            1 => "W&#46;F&#46; Hickey"
                            2 => "J&#46;H&#46; Morris"
                            3 => "J&#46; Loscalzo"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Med"
                        "fecha" => "1984"
                        "volumen" => "76"
                        "paginaInicial" => "101"
                        "paginaFinal" => "108"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6369974"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            3 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0020"
              "etiqueta" => "4&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Moniliasis of the larynx and hypopharynx"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46;J&#46; Lees"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Laryngol"
                        "fecha" => "1959"
                        "volumen" => "73"
                        "paginaInicial" => "619"
                        "paginaFinal" => "620"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            4 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0025"
              "etiqueta" => "5&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Laryngeal hyperkeratosis due to primary monilial infection"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "L&#46;G&#46; Tedeschi"
                            1 => "R&#46;V&#46; Cheren"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Otolaryngol"
                        "fecha" => "1968"
                        "volumen" => "87"
                        "paginaInicial" => "100"
                        "paginaFinal" => "102"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            5 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0030"
              "etiqueta" => "6&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Laryngeal obstruction due to Monilia albicans in a newborn"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "J&#46;A&#46; Perrone"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1288/00005537-197002000-00013"
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Laryngoscope"
                        "fecha" => "1970"
                        "volumen" => "80"
                        "paginaInicial" => "288"
                        "paginaFinal" => "291"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5416461"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            6 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0035"
              "etiqueta" => "7&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "A new therapeutic approach to Candida infections"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "G&#46; Medoff"
                            1 => "W&#46;E&#46; Dismukes"
                            2 => "R&#46;H&#46; Meade"
                            3 => "J&#46;H&#46; Moses"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Intern Med"
                        "fecha" => "1972"
                        "volumen" => "130"
                        "paginaInicial" => "241"
                        "paginaFinal" => "245"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4559150"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            7 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0040"
              "etiqueta" => "8&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candidiasis of the larynx"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "A&#46;J&#46; Yonkers"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Otolaryngol"
                        "fecha" => "1973"
                        "volumen" => "82"
                        "paginaInicial" => "812"
                        "paginaFinal" => "815"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            8 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0045"
              "etiqueta" => "9&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candida esophagitis and laryngitis in chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "R&#46;H&#46; Kobayashi"
                            1 => "H&#46;M&#46; Rosenblatt"
                            2 => "J&#46;M&#46; Carney"
                            3 => "W&#46;J&#46; Byrne"
                            4 => "M&#46;E&#46; Ament"
                            5 => "G&#46;R&#46; Mendoza"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Pediatrics"
                        "fecha" => "1980"
                        "volumen" => "66"
                        "paginaInicial" => "380"
                        "paginaFinal" => "384"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7422428"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0264410X14000504"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "0264410X"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            9 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0050"
              "etiqueta" => "10&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candida infection presenting as laryngitis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "R&#46; Lawson"
                            1 => "G&#46; Bodey"
                            2 => "M&#46; Luna"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Med Sci"
                        "fecha" => "1980"
                        "volumen" => "280"
                        "paginaInicial" => "173"
                        "paginaFinal" => "177"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6935959"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            10 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0055"
              "etiqueta" => "11&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Laryngeal candidiasis presenting as inspiratory stridor"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "R&#46;F&#46; Jacobs"
                            1 => "K&#46; Yasuda"
                            2 => "A&#46;L&#46; Smith"
                            3 => "D&#46;R&#46; Benjamin"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Pediatrics"
                        "fecha" => "1982"
                        "volumen" => "69"
                        "paginaInicial" => "234"
                        "paginaFinal" => "236"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7058101"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            11 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0060"
              "etiqueta" => "12&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candida epiglottitis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "F&#46;R&#46;S&#46; Haberman II"
                            1 => "M&#46;E&#46; Becker"
                            2 => "C&#46;N&#46; Ford"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Otolaryngol"
                        "fecha" => "1983"
                        "volumen" => "109"
                        "paginaInicial" => "770"
                        "paginaFinal" => "771"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6639448"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0163445313003733"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "01634453"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            12 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0065"
              "etiqueta" => "13&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Laryngeal candidiasis&#46; Report of seven cases and review of the literature"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "L&#46;S&#46; Tashjian"
                            1 => "J&#46;E&#46; Peacock"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Otolaryngol"
                        "fecha" => "1984"
                        "volumen" => "110"
                        "paginaInicial" => "806"
                        "paginaFinal" => "809"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/6391443"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            13 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0070"
              "etiqueta" => "14&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candida epiglottitis in an adult with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "S&#46; Cole"
                            1 => "M&#46; Zawin"
                            2 => "B&#46; Lundberg"
                            3 => "J&#46; Hoffman"
                            4 => "L&#46; Bailey"
                            5 => "M&#46;S&#46; Emstoff"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Am J Med"
                        "fecha" => "1987"
                        "volumen" => "82"
                        "paginaInicial" => "662"
                        "paginaFinal" => "664"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3469913"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            14 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0075"
              "etiqueta" => "15&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candida epiglottitis in immunocompromised patients"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "T&#46;J&#46; Walsh"
                            1 => "W&#46;C&#46; Gray"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Chest"
                        "fecha" => "1987"
                        "volumen" => "91"
                        "paginaInicial" => "482"
                        "paginaFinal" => "485"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3829737"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            15 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0080"
              "etiqueta" => "16&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Hoarseness in immunocompromised children&#58; association with invasive fungal infection"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:5 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Hass"
                            1 => "A&#46;C&#46; Hyatt"
                            2 => "M&#46; Kattan"
                            3 => "M&#46; Weiner"
                            4 => "D&#46;S&#46; Hodes"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Pediatr"
                        "fecha" => "1987"
                        "volumen" => "111"
                        "paginaInicial" => "731"
                        "paginaFinal" => "733"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3668743"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                        "itemHostRev" => array:3 [
                          "pii" => "S0264410X12000709"
                          "estado" => "S300"
                          "issn" => "0264410X"
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            16 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0085"
              "etiqueta" => "17&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Laryngeal candidiasis&#58; a cause of airway obstruction in the immunocompromised child"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "E&#46;W&#46; Fisher"
                            1 => "A&#46; Richards"
                            2 => "G&#46; Anderson"
                            3 => "D&#46;M&#46; Albert"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "J Laryngol Otol"
                        "fecha" => "1992"
                        "volumen" => "106"
                        "paginaInicial" => "168"
                        "paginaFinal" => "170"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1532611"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            17 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0090"
              "etiqueta" => "18&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candida epiglottitis presenting as stridor in a child with HIV infection"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Balsam"
                            1 => "D&#46; Sorrano"
                            2 => "C&#46;H&#46; Barax"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Pediatr Radiol"
                        "fecha" => "1992"
                        "volumen" => "22"
                        "paginaInicial" => "235"
                        "paginaFinal" => "236"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1508601"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            18 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0095"
              "etiqueta" => "19&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candidiasis lar&#237;ngea aislada en paciente con tuberculosis diseminada"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "D&#46; Alba"
                            1 => "F&#46; Molina"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Rev Clin Esp"
                        "fecha" => "1993"
                        "volumen" => "192"
                        "paginaInicial" => "410"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8511384"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            19 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0100"
              "etiqueta" => "20&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Mycotic disease or the larynx"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "G&#46;D&#46; Lyons"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol"
                        "fecha" => "1966"
                        "volumen" => "75"
                        "paginaInicial" => "162"
                        "paginaFinal" => "175"
                        "link" => array:1 [
                          0 => array:2 [
                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/5929508"
                            "web" => "Medline"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            20 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0105"
              "etiqueta" => "21&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Candida laryngitis in chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis&#58; its association with candida esophagitis"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "J&#46;P&#46; Dudley"
                            1 => "R&#46; Kobayashi"
                            2 => "H&#46;M&#46; Rosenblatt"
                            3 => "W&#46;J&#46; Byrne"
                            4 => "M&#46;E&#46; Ament"
                            5 => "E&#46;R&#46; Stiehm"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Ann Otol"
                        "fecha" => "1980"
                        "volumen" => "80"
                        "paginaInicial" => "574"
                        "paginaFinal" => "575"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
            21 => array:3 [
              "identificador" => "bib0110"
              "etiqueta" => "22&#46;"
              "referencia" => array:1 [
                0 => array:2 [
                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Head and neck findings in pediatric acquired immunedeficiency syndrome"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:1 [
                            0 => "M&#46;A&#46; Williams"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Laringoscope"
                        "fecha" => "1987"
                        "volumen" => "97"
                        "paginaInicial" => "713"
                        "paginaFinal" => "716"
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                ]
              ]
            ]
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
  ]
  "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  "url" => "/03002896/0000003200000004/v1_201506230047/S0300289615307894/v1_201506230047/es/main.assets"
  "Apartado" => array:4 [
    "identificador" => "9217"
    "tipo" => "SECCION"
    "es" => array:2 [
      "titulo" => "Notas cl&#237;nicas"
      "idiomaDefecto" => true
    ]
    "idiomaDefecto" => "es"
  ]
  "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/03002896/0000003200000004/v1_201506230047/S0300289615307894/v1_201506230047/es/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://archbronconeumol.org/"
  "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289615307894?idApp=UINPBA00003Z"
]
Share
Journal Information
Vol. 32. Issue 4.
Pages 205-208 (April 1996)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 32. Issue 4.
Pages 205-208 (April 1996)
Full text access
Candidiasis laríngea aislada. Descripción de 2 casos y revisión de la literatura
Isolated laryngeal candidiasis. Two cases and review of the literature
Visits
8496
D. Alba1, F. Molina, J.J. Vázquez
Departamentos de Medicina Interna. Hospital La Paz. Madrid
C. Perna*, L. Ortega*
* Departamentos de Anatomía Patológica. Hospital La Paz. Madrid
This item has received
Article information

La infección laríngea por Candida es infrecuente y habitualmente secundaria a candidiasis pulmonar o diseminada.

La candidiasis laríngea aislada (CLA) es una entidad rara, aunque su incidencia puede estar infraestimada. Describimos 2 pacientes con CLA documentados en la necropsia: un varón de 45 años con fibrosis pulmonar y una niña de 4 años con leucemia aguda mieloblástica. Los síntomas más frecuentes de CLA son ronquera y disfagia. El método diagnóstico más eficaz es la laringoscopia con toma de muestras para cultivo y/o estudio histopatológico. La laringoscopia muestra habitualmente placas blanquecinas laríngeas. La mayoría de pacientes con CLA tienen alguna enfermedad asociada y/o otros factores predisponentes, con frecuencia terapia previa con antibióticos. El tratamiento más eficaz es la anfotericina B intravenosa, si bien son útiles otros antimicóticos. El reconocimiento y la terapia tempranos de la entidad limitan su morbilidad y, potencialmente, previenen la diseminación sistémica.

Palabras clave:
Candidiasis laríngea
Candidiasis aislada
Laringitis
Epiglotitis

Infection of the larynx by Candida is rare and usually accompanies lung or disseminated candidiasis. The incidence of isolated laryngeal candidiasis (ILC) is low, although it may be underestimated. We describe 2 patients with ILC confirmed during autopsy: a 45-years-old male with pulmonary fibrosis and a 4-years-old girl with acute myeloblastic leukemia. Hoarseness and dysphagia are the most common symptoms of ILC. The most effective diagnostic technique is laryngoscopy with specimen culture and/or histopathology. Specimens usually show whitish plaques on the larynx. Most ILC patients have some associated disease and/or predisposing factors, with frequent antibiotic treatment prior to the advent of candidiasis. Intravenous amphotericin B provides the most effective therapy, although other antimycotics are also useful. Early diagnosis and initiation of therapy curtail the disease and can prevent systemic dissemination.

Key words:
Laryngeal candidiasis
Isolated candidiasis
Laryngitis
Epiglottitis
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
J.E. Edwards Jr., R.I. Lehrer, E.R. Stiehm, T.J. Fisher, L.S. Young.
Severe candidal infections: clinical perspective, immune defense mechanisms, and current concepts of therapy.
Ann Intern Med, 89 (1978), pp. 91-106
[2.]
L.S. Tashjian, J.S. Abramsam, J.E. Peacock Jr..
Focal hepatic candidiasis: a distinct clinical variant of candidiasis in immunocompromised hosts.
Rev Infect Dis, 6 (1984), pp. 689-703
[3.]
S.A. Lipton, W.F. Hickey, J.H. Morris, J. Loscalzo.
Candidal infection in the central nervous system.
Am J Med, 76 (1984), pp. 101-108
[4.]
J.J. Lees.
Moniliasis of the larynx and hypopharynx.
J Laryngol, 73 (1959), pp. 619-620
[5.]
L.G. Tedeschi, R.V. Cheren.
Laryngeal hyperkeratosis due to primary monilial infection.
Arch Otolaryngol, 87 (1968), pp. 100-102
[6.]
J.A. Perrone.
Laryngeal obstruction due to Monilia albicans in a newborn.
Laryngoscope, 80 (1970), pp. 288-291
[7.]
G. Medoff, W.E. Dismukes, R.H. Meade, J.H. Moses.
A new therapeutic approach to Candida infections.
Arch Intern Med, 130 (1972), pp. 241-245
[8.]
A.J. Yonkers.
Candidiasis of the larynx.
Ann Otolaryngol, 82 (1973), pp. 812-815
[9.]
R.H. Kobayashi, H.M. Rosenblatt, J.M. Carney, W.J. Byrne, M.E. Ament, G.R. Mendoza, et al.
Candida esophagitis and laryngitis in chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis.
Pediatrics, 66 (1980), pp. 380-384
[10.]
R. Lawson, G. Bodey, M. Luna.
Candida infection presenting as laryngitis.
Am J Med Sci, 280 (1980), pp. 173-177
[11.]
R.F. Jacobs, K. Yasuda, A.L. Smith, D.R. Benjamin.
Laryngeal candidiasis presenting as inspiratory stridor.
Pediatrics, 69 (1982), pp. 234-236
[12.]
F.R.S. Haberman II, M.E. Becker, C.N. Ford.
Candida epiglottitis.
Arch Otolaryngol, 109 (1983), pp. 770-771
[13.]
L.S. Tashjian, J.E. Peacock.
Laryngeal candidiasis. Report of seven cases and review of the literature.
Arch Otolaryngol, 110 (1984), pp. 806-809
[14.]
S. Cole, M. Zawin, B. Lundberg, J. Hoffman, L. Bailey, M.S. Emstoff.
Candida epiglottitis in an adult with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia.
Am J Med, 82 (1987), pp. 662-664
[15.]
T.J. Walsh, W.C. Gray.
Candida epiglottitis in immunocompromised patients.
Chest, 91 (1987), pp. 482-485
[16.]
A. Hass, A.C. Hyatt, M. Kattan, M. Weiner, D.S. Hodes.
Hoarseness in immunocompromised children: association with invasive fungal infection.
J Pediatr, 111 (1987), pp. 731-733
[17.]
E.W. Fisher, A. Richards, G. Anderson, D.M. Albert.
Laryngeal candidiasis: a cause of airway obstruction in the immunocompromised child.
J Laryngol Otol, 106 (1992), pp. 168-170
[18.]
D. Balsam, D. Sorrano, C.H. Barax.
Candida epiglottitis presenting as stridor in a child with HIV infection.
Pediatr Radiol, 22 (1992), pp. 235-236
[19.]
D. Alba, F. Molina.
Candidiasis laríngea aislada en paciente con tuberculosis diseminada.
Rev Clin Esp, 192 (1993), pp. 410
[20.]
G.D. Lyons.
Mycotic disease or the larynx.
Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol, 75 (1966), pp. 162-175
[21.]
J.P. Dudley, R. Kobayashi, H.M. Rosenblatt, W.J. Byrne, M.E. Ament, E.R. Stiehm.
Candida laryngitis in chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis: its association with candida esophagitis.
Ann Otol, 80 (1980), pp. 574-575
[22.]
M.A. Williams.
Head and neck findings in pediatric acquired immunedeficiency syndrome.
Laringoscope, 97 (1987), pp. 713-716
Copyright © 1996. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?