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Vol. 46. Issue 12.
Pages 621-627 (January 2010)
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Vol. 46. Issue 12.
Pages 621-627 (January 2010)
Original Article
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Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness to Methacholine in Children Under 4 Years with Recurrent Bronchitis
Hiperrespuesta bronquial a la metacolina en niños menores de 4 años con bronquitis de repetición
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Inés de Mir Messa
Corresponding author
idemir@vhebron.net

Corresponding author.
, Antonio Moreno Galdó, Nicolás Cobos Barroso, Sílvia Gartner, Carlos Martín de Vicente, Sandra Rovira Amigo, Alba Torrent Vernetta, Santos Liñán Cortés
Unidad de Neumología Pediátrica y Fibrosis Quística, Hospital Universitari Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract
Objective

To evaluate bronchial hyperresponsiveness in children under 4 years old with recurrent wheezing bronchitis, and to determine if its presence or absence can predict subsequent progression to a transient or persistent wheezing bronchitis phenotype.

Population and methods

A bronchial challenge test was performed with methacholine using a modified tidal volume method without sedation, in a group of patients from 8 to 47 months of age with recurrent wheezing bronchitis and a control group of healthy children. A decrease in oxygen saturation of ≥5% or an increase in respiration rate of >50% [PCwheeze (PCw)] was considered a positive response. The patients were subsequently clinically followed up to assess their progress.

Results

A total of 63 patients and 16 controls were studied (mean age 23.9 compared to 25.2 months). The PCw in 43 (68%) children from the bronchitis group was lower than the control group (≤4 mg/mL), (P<.001). No significant adverse effects were observed on performing the test. After a mean follow-up of 28.5 months, completed in 49 of the patients, no differences were seen between the presence of bronchial hyperresponsiveness at the beginning of the study and the subsequent progression to transient, infrequent or frequent wheezing (P=.63).

Conclusions

A high percentage of children under 4 years old with wheezing bronchitis had a bronchial hyperresponse. Subsequent progression to transient or persistent wheezing bronchitis phenotype is not associated with bronchial hyperresponsiveness.

Keywords:
Bronchial hyperresponsiveness
Methacholine
Auscultatory method for infants
Pre-school
Resumen
Objetivo

Valorar la hiperrespuesta bronquial en niños menores de 4 años con bronquitis sibilantes de repetición, y determinar si su presencia o ausencia permite predecir la evolución posterior hacia un fenotipo de bronquitis sibilantes transitorias o persistentes.

Población y metodos

Se realizó una prueba de broncoprovocación con metacolina utilizando un método modificado de respiración a volumen corriente, sin sedación, a un grupo de pacientes de 8 a 47 meses de edad, con bronquitis sibilantes recurrentes, y a un grupo control de niños sanos. Se valoró como respuesta positiva la presencia de sibilantes, la disminución de la saturación de oxígeno ≥ 5% o el aumento de la frecuencia respiratoria > 50% (PCwheeze [PCw]). Se realizó un seguimiento clínico posterior de los pacientes para valorar su evolución.

Resultados

Se estudiaron 63 pacientes y 16 controles (edad media 23,9 vs. 25,2 meses). La PCw fue inferior a la del grupo control (≤ 4 mg/mL) en 43 niños (68%) del grupo bronquitis (p < 0,001). No se observaron efectos adversos significativos con la realización de la prueba. Tras un seguimiento medio de 28,5 meses, completado en 49 de los pacientes, no se observaron diferencias entre la presencia de hiperrespuesta bronquial al inicio del estudio y la evolución posterior a sibilantes transitorios, infrecuentes y frecuentes (p = 0,63).

Conclusiones

Un porcentaje elevado de niños menores de 4 años afectos de bronquitis sibilantes presentaron hiperrespuesta bronquial. La evolución posterior a un fenotipo de bronquitis sibilantes transitorias o persistentes no se relacionó con la hiperrespuesta bronquial.

Palabras clave:
Hiperrespuesta bronquial
Metacolina
Método de la auscultación lactantes
Preescolares
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