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Vol. 43. Issue 6.
Pages 334-339 (January 2007)
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Vol. 43. Issue 6.
Pages 334-339 (January 2007)
Review Article
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Benefit of Brief Interventions and Pharmacotherapies for Smoking Cessation in Teenagers
Visits
3773
Miguel Barruecoa,
Corresponding author
mibafe@telefonica.net

Correspondence: Dr. M. Barrueco. Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario. P.° San Vicente, 58-172. 37007 Salamanca. España
, Generoso Gómez Cruzb, Miguel Torrecillac, Alfonso Pérez Trullénd, Cruz Bartolomé Morenoe
a Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Departamento de Medicina, Universidad de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
b Centro de Salud Fuentesaúco, Fuentesaúco, Zamora, Spain
c Centro de Salud San Juan, Salamanca, Spain
d Hospital Universitario Lozano Blesa, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
e Red IAPP Innovación e Integración de la Prevención y Promoción de la Salud en atención primaria: Grupo Aragonés, Centro de Salud Iturrama, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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Management of smoking includes approaches such as health advice against smoking, brief or intensive interventions, and pharmacotherapy. However, we do not have enough information on the use of such approaches in teenagers. School programs aimed at children and adolescents are perhaps the most widely used intervention and the one for which we have the most experience. Such programs should meet a series of well-defined criteria, but in recent years their effectiveness has been questioned. Currently, information is lacking on how effective these interventions are in young smokers who wish to stop. Several clinical guidelines recommend advice and a brief intervention in adolescents but are less specific regarding pharmacotherapy.

By integrating advice and a brief intervention into existing smoking prevention and control programs in schools, such approaches could be used to combat smoking in children and adolescents. However, the information available on the use of such interventions in children and adolescents is insufficient and more research needs to be done, particularly by health care professionals specialized in the identification of susceptible individuals and treatment of smoking.

Key words:
Smoking
Adolescents
Prevention
Pharmacotherapy

El tratamiento del tabaquismo incluye conceptos como el consejo sanitario antitabáquico, la intervención breve o la intervención intensiva y el tratamiento farmacológico, pero carecemos de información suficiente acerca de su empleo en adolescentes. Los programas escolares destinados a niños y jóvenes, que son quizá los más ampliamente utilizados y los que cuentan con mayor experiencia, deben cumplir una serie de características muy bien definidas y en los últimos años se ha cuestionado su eficacia. En la actualidad no se dispone de información suficiente acerca de la eficacia de los tratamientos en niños y jóvenes fumadores que desean dejar el tabaco. Diversas guías clínicas recomiendan el consejo y la intervención mínima en adolescentes, pero se muestran menos categóricas en lo que respecta a la utilización de los tratamientos farmacológicos.

La integración del consejo y de la intervención breve en los programas de prevención y control del tabaquismo que se realizan en los centros escolares posibilitaría la utilización de este instrumento de tratamiento del tabaquismo en niños y jóvenes, aunque la información disponible acerca de este tipo de tratamientos en niños y adolescentes es insuficiente y debería ser objeto de investigación, especialmente por parte de los profesionales especializados en diagnóstico y tratamiento del tabaquismo.

Palabras clave:
Tabaquismo
Adolescentes
Prevención
Tratamiento farmacológico
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