Journal Information
Vol. 30. Issue 10.
Pages 492-497 (December 1994)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 30. Issue 10.
Pages 492-497 (December 1994)
Full text access
Aportación del test broncodilatador al estudio de la reversibilidad bronquial
Contribution of the bronchodilator test in the assessment of bronchoreversibility
Visits
4428
C. Pellicer Ciscar1
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Francesc de Borja. Gandía
M. Perpiña Tordera*, A. de Diego Damia*, V. Macián Gisbert*
* Servicio de Neumología. Hospital la Fe. Valencia
This item has received
Article information

En el presente trabajo se investiga cuál es la dosis de salbutamol y el modo de calcular la respuesta broncodilatadora que resulta más útil en la valoración de la reversibilidad bronquial. Para ello, en 150 sujetos adultos (64 sanos, 18 riníticos, 53 asmáticos, 15 bronquíticos), se estudian los cambios provocados en el FEV1, tras la inhalación de 3 dosis de 200 μg de salbutamol, y se calcula la respuesta broncodilatadora de 4 modos diferentes: en valor absoluto o bien en cambio porcentual respecto al FEV1, basal, teórico o ponderado. Se observaron diferencias significativas en la respuesta provoca da, según los distintos modos de calcular ésta. Los pacientes asmáticos y bronquíticos fueron los que presentaron una mayor respuesta al salbutamol y, en ellos, se investigó la eficacia de estos índices de reversibilidad, para diferenciarlos entre sí. La mejor capacidad discriminativa se obtuvo cuando la respuesta broncodilatadora se calculó en porcentaje respecto al valor teórico de referencia si bien se obtuvo una sensibilidad baja y una especificidad variable (0,73 a 1), según los distintos puntos de corte. Este índice de reversibilidad junto con el expresado en valor absoluto fueron los que mostraron menor dependencia respecto al valor basal de FEV1.

Se concluye que para valorar la respuesta broncodilatadora, el índice que resulta más útil es el que se obtiene al calcular las modificaciones en el FEV1 en relación al valor teórico de referencia. No obstante, con esta prueba broncomotora no es posible clasificar correctamente los asmáticos y los bronquíticos.

Palabras clave:
Reversibilidad bronquial
Asma
Bronquitis crónica

This study sought to determine the optimum dose of salbutamol and the most useful method for calculating bronchodilator response. Changes in FEV1, after inhalation of 3 doses of salbutamol 200 μg were measured in 150 adults (64 healthy individuals, 18 with rhinitis, 53 with asthma and 15 with bronchitis). Bronchodilator response was calculated by 4 different methods: absolute value, percent change form baseline FEV1, from theoretical value and from weighted value. Significant differences in response were observed among the various methods of assessment. Patients with asthma and bronchitis showed the greatest response to salbutamol and their results were used to analyze the usefulness of the reversibility indices. The index that discriminated best was percent of theoretical reference value, although the sensitivity of this index was low and specificity varied from 0.73 to 1 depending on the cut-off point used. This index of reversibility along with absolute valué proved to be the least dependent on baseline FEV1.

We conclude that bronchodilator response is best assessed by calculating changes in FEV1 in relation to a theoretical reference value. This bronchomotor test, however, does not adequately assess patients with asthma and bronchitis.

Key words:
Bronchoreversibility
Asthma
Chronic bronchitis
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
J. Sanchís Aldás, P. Casán Clará, J. Castillo Gómez, N. González Mangado, L. Palenciano Ballesteros, J. Roca Torrent.
SEPAR. Normativa para la espirometría forzada.
Ed. Doyma, (1987),
[2.]
B.J. Sobol.
Some problems encountered in the evaluation of bronchodilator therapy.
Chest, 73 (1978), pp. 991-992
[3.]
O. Elliason, A.C. Degraff Jr..
The use of criteria for reversibility and obstruction to define patient groups for bronchodilator trials Influence of clinical diagnosis, spirometric, and anthropometric variables.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 132 (1985), pp. 858-864
[4.]
P.D. Pare, B.J. Wiggs.
Baseline airway caliber. A confounder in interpreting bronchoconstriction and bronchodilation.
Chest, 96 (1989), pp. 964-965
[5.]
R.E. Dales, W.O. Spitzer, P. Tousignant, M.T. Schechter, S. Suissa.
Clinical interpretation of airway response to a bronchodilator Epidemiological considerations.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 138 (1988), pp. 317-320
[6.]
J. Britton, A. Tattersfield.
Comparison of cumulative and noncumulative techniques to measure dose-response curves for betaagonists in patients with asthma.
Thorax, 39 (1984), pp. 597-599
[7.]
B.M. Grandordy, V. Thomas, D. De Lauture, J. Marsac.
Cumulative dose-response curves for assessing combined effects of salbutamol and ipratropium bromide in chronic asthma.
Eur Respir J, 1 (1988), pp. 531-535
[8.]
M. Mayos, M. González, P. Casán, J.G. Barbal, J. Sanchís.
Comparación entre procaterol y salbutamol mediante curvas dosisrespuesta acumulada en pacientes con limitación crónica al flujo aéreo.
Arch Bronconeumol, 25 (1989), pp. 65-68
[9.]
D. Hughes.
Precise diagnosis of airflow obstruction-does it matter for treatment? SEPCR workshop. Wiesbaden 1989.
Eur Respir J, 3 (1990), pp. 1.078-1.097
[10.]
M. Nisar, M. Walshaw, J.E. Earis, M.G. Pearson, P.M.A. Calverley.
Assessment of reversibility of airway obstruction in patients with chronic obstructive airways disease.
Thorax, 45 (1990), pp. 190-194
[11.]
D.C. Weir, P.S. Burge.
Measures of reversibility in response to bronchodilators in chronic airflow obstruction: relation to airway calibre.
Thorax, 46 (1991), pp. 43-45
[12.]
P.L.P. Brand, P.H. Quanjer, D.S. Postma, Kerstjens Ham, G.H. Koeter, P.N.R. Dekhuijzen, H.J. Sluiter, and the Dutch chronic nonspecific lung disease (CNSLD) Study Group.
Interpretation of bronchodilator response in patients with obstructive airways disease.
Thorax, 47 (1992), pp. 429-436
[13.]
H.J. Waalkens, P.J.F.M. Merkus, E.E.M. Van Essen-Zandvliet, P.L.P. Brand, J. Gerritsen, E.J. Duiverman, K.F. Kerrebjn, K. Knol, Quanjer PH.H., Dutch CNSLD Study Group.
Assessment of bronchodilator response in children with asthma.
Eur Respir J, 6 (1993), pp. 645-651
[14.]
E. Dompeling, C.P. Van Schayck, J. Molema, et al.
A comparison of six different ways of expressing the bronchodilating response in asthma and COPD; reproducibility and dependence of prebronchodilator FEV1.
Eur J Respir Dis, 5 (1992), pp. 975-981
[15.]
N. Meslier, J.L. Racineaux.
Tests of reversibility of airflow obstruction.
Eur Respir Rev, 1 (1991), pp. 34-40
[16.]
American Thoracic Society.
Standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 136 (1987), pp. 228-231
[17.]
H. Nie, C. Hadlai Hull, J.G. Jenkins, K. Steinbrenner, D.H. Bent.
Statistical package for the social Sciences.
2.a, MacGraw-Hill, (1975),
[18.]
R.R. Sokal, F.I. Rohlf.
Biometry.
the principies and practice of statistics in biological research, WH Freeman and Co, (1969),
[19.]
P.F. Griner, R.J. Mayeswski, A.I. Mushlin, P. Greenland.
Selection and interpretation of diagnostic test and procedures.
Ann Intern Med, 94 (1981), pp. 553-592
[20.]
D.L. Sackett, R.B. Haynes, P. Tugwell.
Clinical Epidemiology. A basic Science for Clinical Medicine.
Little-Brown Co, (1985), pp. 59-138
[21.]
J.F. Morris, A. Koski, et al.
Spirometric standards for healthy nonsmoking adults.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 103 (1971), pp. 57-67
[22.]
R.M. Cherniack, M.B. Raber.
Normal standards for ventilatory function using and automated wedge spirometer.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 106 (1972), pp. 38-46
[23.]
A.F. Wilson, R.D. Fairshter.
Methods of assessing bronchore-versibility: site of airway obstruction and bronchodilator response.
Bronchial asthma. Mechanisms and therapeutics., pp. 319-322
[24.]
Medical Research Council Committee on Aetiology of Chronic Bronchitis.
Definition and classification of chronic bronchitis for clinical and epidemiological purposes, 1 (1965), pp. 775
[25.]
S. Kesten, A.S. Rebuck.
Is the short-term response to inhaled β-adrenergic agonist sensitive or specific for distinguishing between asthma and COPD?.
Chest, 105 (1994), pp. 1.042-1.045
[26.]
Quanjer PhH, G.J. Tammeling, J.E. Cotes, O.F. Pedersen, R. Peslin, J.C. Yernault.
Lung volumes and forced ventilatory flows.
Eur Respir J, 16 (1993), pp. 5-40
[27.]
N. Meslier, J.L. Racineux, P. Six, A. Lockhart.
Diagnostic value of reversibility of chronic airway obstruction to separate asthma from bronchitis: a statistical approach.
Eur Respir J, 2 (1989), pp. 497-505
Copyright © 1994. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?