Prevalencia del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea del sueño en conductores profesionales de largo recorrido

Díaz, J.R.; Guallar, J.

doi:10.1016/S0300-2896(01)75125-3

Archivos de Bronconeumología

ISSN: 0300-2896

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Vol. 37. Issue 11.

Pages 471-476 (November 2001)

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Pages 471-476 (November 2001)

DOI: 10.1016/S0300-2896(01)75125-3

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Prevalencia del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea del sueño en conductores profesionales de largo recorrido

The prevalence of sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome among long-haul professional drivers

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J.R. Díaz

Corresponding author

jrdiaz@comcas.es

Correspondencia: José R. Díaz. Neumología. Hospital La Magdalena.Pda. Bovalar s/n. 12004 Castellón

, J. Guallar

Sección de Neumología. Hospital La Magdalena. Castellón

A. Arnedoa, S. Olivab, J. Galab

a Sección de Epidemiología. Dirección Territorial de Salud. Castellón

b Dirección médica. Unión de Mutuas. Castellón

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Abstract

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Statistics

El síndrome de apnea-hipopnea del sueño (SAHS) se ha asociado con los accidentes de tráfico

Objetivo

Estimar la prevalencia de SAHS y sus factores de riesgo

Material y métodos

Se ha estudiado a 163 conductores profesionales de los 188 que componen las plantillas de las 25 primeras empresas (86,7%) estudiadas. Se aplicó un cuestionario sobre síntomas de SAHS, factores de riesgo, examen físico y una polisomnografía nocturna convencional

Resultados

La prevalencia de conductores con índice de apnea-hipopnea (IAH)=5 fue de 25,2% (IC del 95%: 18,7–32,5), con SAHS de 8,6% (IC del 95%: 3,4–12,1). Se apreció un incremento de la prevalencia con la edad (p=0,012)

La somnolencia al conducir o el hecho de ser roncador ha-bitual tenían una sensibilidad del 67,5%, una especificidad del 62,6% y un valor predictivo positivo del 38,6% para de-tectar SAHS. En el análisis de regresión logística, los facto-res de riesgo fueron el índice de masa corporal (IMC) supe-rior a 29kg/m 2 (OR: 3,56; IC del 95%: 1,53–8,4) y la somnolencia al conducir (OR: 3,7; IC del 95%: 1,303–10,3)

Conclusiones

Nuestros resultados sugieren que en empre-sas de transporte la detección de los conductores con SAHS mediante un cuestionario sobre síntomas de SAHS y una medición objetiva, como la polisomnografía, que permitan detectar los casos para su tratamiento puede ser útil en la prevención de accidentes de tráfico

Palabras clave:

Conductores profesionales de largo recorrido

Prevalencia

Trastornos respiratorios del sueño

Apnea obstruc-tiva del sueño

Sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) has been associa-ted with traffic accidents. The aim of this study was to esti-mate the prevalence of SAHS and analyze risk factors. We studied 163 professional drivers (86.7%) of the 188 emplo-yed by 25 participating companies. The subjects completed a questionnaire on SAHS symptoms and risk factors and underwent physical examination and conventional nightti-me polysomnographic testing

Results

The prevalence of an apnea-hypopnea index (AHI) ( 5 was 25.2% (95% CI 18.7–32.5) among the drivers. The prevalence of SAHS was 8.6% (95% CI 3.4–12.1). The pre-valence increased with age (p=0.012). Sleepiness while driving or habitual snoring had a sensiti-vity of 67.5%, specificity of 62.6% and a positive predictive value of 38.6% for detecting SAHS. Logistic regression mo-delling showed that the risk factors were a body mass index over 29kg/m 2 (OR: 3.56, 95% CI 1.53–8.4) and sleepiness while driving (OR: 3.7, 95% CI: 1.303–10.3)

Conclusions

These results suggest that detecting SAHS among drivers may be useful for preventing traffic acci-dents; a questionnaire on SAHS symptoms and objective measures such as polysomnography allow cases to be detec-ted and treated

Keywords:

Long-haul drivers

Prevalence

Sleep respiratory disorders

Sleep apnea syndrome

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