Journal Information
Vol. 27. Issue 6.
Pages 249-253 (August - September 1991)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 27. Issue 6.
Pages 249-253 (August - September 1991)
Full text access
Estudio de la contractilidad diafragmática en un modelo de asma experimental. Efectos de las metilxantinas
Study of diaphragmatic contractility in a model of experimental asthma. Effects of methylxanthines
Visits
3469
J. Orón, J.L. Ortiz, J. Cortijo, E. Morcillo
Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de Medicina. Hospital La Fe. Valencia
A. de Diego*, M. Perpiñá*
* Servicio de Neumología. Hospital La Fe. Valencia
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics

El objetivo del presente trabajo ha sido investigar las alteraciones producidas en la contractilidad muscular de tiras de diafragma procedentes de cobayos sensibilizados (CS) activamente con albúmina sérica bovina y su modificación tras el tratamiento con teofilina (TE) y cafeína (CA).

La respuesta contráctil obtenida fue significativamente mayor en las tiras procedentes de CS (122 ± 13 mg F) que en las de cobayos normales (CN) (84 ± 7 mg F). Esta respuesta no se vio modificada en ninguno de los dos preparados por la presencia de verapamil y se redujo de forma similar en ambos (72% y 73%) cuando utilizamos dantroleno sódico. En ausencia de Ca2+ libre extracelular, la contractilidad diafragmática disminuyó un 44% en los CS frente a un 19% en los CN.

El tratamiento con TE produjo aumentos similares de la fuerza contráctil en CN (65 ± 10%) y CS (71 ± 13%) mientras que fue significativamente mayor en las tiras de CS (145 ± 22 vs 105 ± 13) tratadas con CA. Estas respuestas únicamente disminuyeron en los CS en ausencia de Ca2+ extracelular.

Concluimos: 1) el modelo de sensibilización utilizado produce una hiperreactividad del diafragma, dependiente en parte del Ca2+ extracelular; 2) la sensibilización aumenta el efecto de CA pero no de TE sobre la contractilidad diafragmática; y 3) el aumento de contractilidad inducido por TE y CA, presenta una mayor dependencia del Ca2+ extracelular en los preparados sensibilizados.

Arch Bronconeumol 1991: 27:249-253

The aim of this study was to investigate contractile altera-tions in diaphragmatic muscular strips of guinea pigs actively sensitized with bovine serum albumin and the response of such preparations to treatment with theophylline and caffeine. Contractile response was significantly greater in strips from sensitized guinea pigs (122 ± 13 mg F) than in those from normal animals (84 ± 7 mg F). Contractile response was not modified by verapamil in either of the two groups of guinea pigs but it decreased in a comparable degree in both groups of preparations when exposed to sodium dantrolene. In absence of extracellular free Ca++, diaphragmatic contractility decreased by 44% in sensitized animal and by 19% in controls. Treatment with theophylline induced similar contractile increases in controls (65 ± 10%) and sensitized animal (71 ± 13%), whereas treatment with caffeine evoker greater contractile response in sensitized guinea pigs than in controls (145 ± 22 vs 105 ± 13). These responses decreased only in sensitized animal in absence of extracellularCa++.

We conclude: 1) the present model of sensitization produces a diaphragmatic hyperreactivity which depends in part on extracellular Ca**; 2) sensitization enhances the effect of caffeine but not theophylline od diaphragmatic contractility; and 3) the increase in contractility induced by theophylline and caffeine has a greater dependence on extracellular Ca++ in sensitized preparations.

Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
H.A. Boushey, M.J. Holtzman, J.R. Sheller, J.A. Nadel.
Bronchial hyperreactivity.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 121 (1980), pp. 389-413
[2.]
W.W. Fleming, J.J. McPhillips, D.P. Westfall.
Post-junctional supersensitivity and subsensitivity of autonomic effector responses.
Ergeb Physiol, 68 (1973), pp. 55-119
[3.]
S. Kalsner.
A new approach to the measurement and classification of forms of supersensitivity of autonomic effector responses.
Br J Pharmac, 51 (1974), pp. 427-434
[4.]
E. Middleton.
Antiasthmatic drug therapy and calcium ions: Review of pathogenesis and role of calcium.
J Pharm Sci, 69 (1980), pp. 243-251
[5.]
M. Perpiñá, J. Cortijo, C. Sanz, J. Esplugues, E. Morcillo.
Active sensitization discriminates between groups of calcium antagonists in lung parenchimal strips.
Bull Eur Physiopathol Respir, 23 (1987), pp. 255-260
[6.]
M. Perpiñá, M. Palau, J. Cortijo, E. Fornas, J.L. Ortiz, E. Morcillo.
Sources of calcium for the contraction induced by various agonists in trachealis from normal and sensitized guinea-pigs.
Respiration, 55 (1989), pp. 105-112
[7.]
D.G. Tinkelman.
Calcium transport: a plausible theory for the pathogenesis of asthma.
Bronchial hyperreactivity, pp. 99-106
[8.]
F.R. Goodman, G.B. Weiss, H. Karaki.
Differential calcium movements induced by agonists in guinea-pig tracheal muscle.
Eur J Pharmacol, 133 (1987), pp. 111-117
[9.]
M. Estenne, J.C. Yernault, A. De Troyer.
Effects of parenteral aminophylline on lung mechanism in normal human.
Am Rev Res pir Dis, 121 (1980), pp. 967-971
[10.]
Aubier M. De Troyer A. Sampson M. Mackiem P. Roussos C.H. Aminophylline improves diaphragmatic contractility. Engl N. J Med 191 305 249-252
[11.]
A. de Diego, J. Orón, M. Perpiñá, J.L. Ortiz, J. Cortijo, E. Morcillo.
Calcio y contractilidad diafragmática. Modificación por las metilxantinas.
Arch Bronconeumol, 26 (1990), pp. 341-345
[12.]
N. Viires, M. Aubier, D. Murciano, Ch. Marty, R. Pariente.
Effects of theophylline on isolated diaphragmatic fibers. A model for pharmacologic studies on diaphragmatic contractility.
Am Rev Res pir Dis, 133 (1986), pp. 1.060-1.064
[13.]
R.W. Foster, R.C. Small, A.H. Weston.
Evidence that the spasmogenic effect of tetraethylammonium in guinea-pig trachealis is both direct and dependent on the cellular influx of calcium ions.
Br J Pharmacol, 79 (1983), pp. 255-259
[14.]
J.L. Ortiz, J. Cortijo, C. Sanz, et al.
Nonspecific hyperreactivity to pharmacologic stimuli in tracheal and lung parenchimal strips of actively sensitized guinea-pigs.
J Pharm Pharmacol, 41 (1988), pp. 316-321
[15.]
E. Morcillo, M. Perpiñá, J. Esplugues.
Hyperresponsiveness to autacoids and autonomic drugs in lung parenchimal strip from sensitized guinea-pigs.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 129 (1984), pp. 948-951
[16.]
W.R. Henderson, J.H. Shelhamer, D.B. Reingold, et al.
Alphaadrenergic hyperresponsiveness in asthma.
Analysis of vascular and pupillary responses. N Engl J Med, 300 (1979), pp. 642-647
[17.]
H.I. Palewsky, M.A. Grippi, A.I. Pack.
The effect of antigeninduced bronchoconstriccion on phrenic nerve activity.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 133 (1986), pp. 749-756
[18.]
R.C. Small, J.P. Boyle, J. Cortijo, et al.
The relaxant and spasmogenic effects of some xantine derivates acting on guinea-pig isolated trachealis muscle.
Br J Pharmacol, 94 (1988), pp. 1.091-1.100
[19.]
A.M. Katz, D.I. Rewpke, J. Dunnett, et al.
Dependence of cal cium permeability of sarcoplasmic reticulum vesicles on external and intemal calcium ion concentrations.
J Biol Chem, 252 (1977), pp. 1.950-1. 956
[20.]
A. Dimarco, M. Nochomovitz, M. Dimarco, M. Altóse, S. Kelsen.
Comparative effects of aminophylline on diaphragm and cardiac contractility.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 132 (1985), pp. 800-805
Copyright © 1991. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?