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Vol. 39. Issue 7.
Pages 292-297 (July 2003)
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Vol. 39. Issue 7.
Pages 292-297 (July 2003)
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Análisis de la retirada de la ventilación mecánica no invasiva en pacientes con síndrome de hipoventilación-obesidad. Resultados a medio plazo
Analysis of withdrawal from noninvasive mechanical ventilation in patients with obesity-hypoventilation syndrome. Medium term results
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J. de Miguel Díez
, P. de Lucas Ramos, J.J. Pérez Parra, M.J. Buendía García, J.M. Cubillo Marcos, J.M.R. González-Moro
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón. Madrid. España
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Objetivo

Valorar la posibilidad de suprimir el tratamiento con la ventilación mecánica no invasiva (VMNI) en pacientes con síndrome de hipoventilación-obesidad (SHO)

Material Y Métodos

Se estudió a 22 pacientes con SHO que habían recibido tratamiento con VMNI durante un período mínimo de un año. A todos se les realizaron, antes de valorar la retirada del soporte ventilatorio, las siguientes pruebas: gasometría arterial, tanto diurna como nocturna, estudio oximétrico nocturno, poligrafía cardiorrespiratoria nocturna y pruebas de función respiratoria. De acuerdo con los resultados obtenidos se seleccionó a 12 pacientes que cumplían criterios de supresión de la VMNI. A este grupo de enfermos se les retiró el soporte ventilatorio durante 3 meses. Al final de dicho período se les repitieron todas las pruebas realizadas inicialmente y se compararon los resultados con los obtenidos en el momento de la retirada

Resultados

No se observaron variaciones significativas, a los 3 meses de la supresión de la VMNI, en la gasometría arterial, en el estudio oximétrico nocturno ni en las pruebas de función respiratoria con respecto a los valores encontrados en el momento de la retirada de dicho tratamiento. En cuanto a la evolución individual, sólo en un paciente se observó un deterioro gasométrico que hizo necesaria la reintroducción del soporte ventilatorio; en 7 casos se detectó una poligrafía compatible con un síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño (SAOS), 4 en el momento de la retirada y 3 en la revisión efectuada a los 3 meses; finalmente, en 4 pacientes la situación respiratoria se mantuvo estable, sin variaciones significativas en las pruebas realizadas antes y después de la supresión de la VMNI

Conclusiones

La mayoría de los enfermos con SHO que reciben tratamiento prolongado con VMNI se mantienen estables a los 3 meses de la retirada del soporte ventilatorio. En un elevado porcentaje de estos pacientes se objetiva la aparición de un SAOS cuando se ha corregido la situación de hipercapnia

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de hipoventilación-obesidad
Ventilación mecánica no invasiva
Retirada
Síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño
Objective

To evaluate the possibility of cessation of noninvasive mechanical ventilation or noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NPPV) treatment in patients with obesity-hypoventilation syndrome (OHS)

Material And Methods

A study was carried out on 22 OHS patients who had received NPPV for a minimum of 1 year. Prior to evaluation of the cessation of ventilatory support, all patients underwent the following tests: diurnal and nocturnal arterial blood gases, nocturnal oximetry, nocturnal cardiorespiratory polygraphy, and lung function tests. Based on the results obtained, 12 patients who met the NPPV cessation criteria were selected. This group was liberated from ventilatory support for 3 months. At the end of this period, all of the tests initially carried out were repeated on all patients and the results were compared with those obtained at the time of NPPV cessation

Results

Three months after liberation from NPPV, no significant variations were observed in arterial blood gases or in lung function tests in comparison with the values found at the time of cessation. In terms of individual development, only 1 patient showed blood gas deterioration requiring a return to NPPV. In 7 cases, a polygraph showed obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS), 4 at the time of cessation and 3 at the follow-up examination carried out at the end of the 3 months. Finally, in 4 patients the respiratory situation remained stable, with no significant variations in the tests done before or after cessation of NPPV

Conclusions

The majority of the OHS patients who receive prolonged treatment with NPPV continue to be stable 3 months after liberation from ventilatory support. A high percentage of these patients can be seen to have OSAS once the hypercapnia situation is corrected

Key words:
Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome
Noninvasive Mechanical Ventilation
Cessation
Obstructive Sleep Apnea
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Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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