Journal Information
Vol. 39. Issue 9.
Pages 428-430 (September 2003)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 39. Issue 9.
Pages 428-430 (September 2003)
Full text access
Análisis descriptivo de una serie de casos diagnosticados de mediastinitis aguda
A Descriptive Analysis of a Series of Patients Diagnosed With Acute Mediastinitis
Visits
16230
P. Macrí
Corresponding author
paolomacri@katamail.com

Correspondencia: Sección de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. P.° San Vicente, 58. 37007 Salamanca. España
, M.F. Jiménez, N. Novoa, G. Varela
Sección de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. Salamanca. España
This item has received
Article information
Abstract
Bibliography
Download PDF
Statistics

La mediastinitis aguda es una de las enfermedades torácicas más agresivas. La mortalidad varía entre el 14 y el 42%. Nuestro objetivo es presentar un análisis retrospectivo de una serie de 26 casos (20 varones y 6 mujeres) tratados entre enero de 1994 y marzo de 2002 y una revisión de la bibliografía. La mediastinitis fue de origen esofágico en 17 pacientes (8 posquirúrgicas, 4 por rotura iatrogénica, 4 por rotura no iatrogénica y una por cuerpo extraño), de origen bucofaríngeo en 6 pacientes y secundarias a esternotomía media en 3. Se trató quirúrgicamente a 25 pacientes; además del desbridamiento radical y los drenajes, que se hicieron en todos los pacientes, en 10 se practicó una esofaguectomía o resección de plastia gástrica; en 5, suturas primarias de esófago; en uno, plastia de pectoral mayor, y en otro, esternectomía más omentoplastia. Cuatro pacientes fallecieron en los 30 días después de la intervención (15,4%). La mortalidad en nuestro entorno es similar a la descrita en la bibliografía. Los resultados justifican el tratamiento agresivo y temprano.

Palabras clave:
Mediastinitis aguda
Cirugía
Complicaciones
Morbimortalidad

Acute mediastinitis is one of the most aggressive chest diseases. The mortality rate ranges between 14% and 42%. We present a retrospective analysis of a series of 26 cases (20 men and 6 women) treated between January 1994 and March 2002 and review the literature. Mediastinitis originated in the esophagus in 17 patients (8 postoperative, 4 due to iatrogenic perforation, 4 due to noniatrogenic perforation, and 1 due to a foreign body) and in the oropharynx in 6 patients; mediastinitis was secondary to median sternotomy in 3. Twenty-five patients were treated surgically. In addition to radical debridement and drainage, which were carried out on all the patients, 10 also underwent esophagectomy or resection of the esophago-gastric reconstruction, 5 received primary sutures of the esophagus, 1 received reconstructive surgery with a pectoral muscle flap, and 1 underwent sternectomy plus intrathoracic omental transposition. Four patients died within 30 days of surgery (15.4%). The mortality rate in our practice is similar to that described in the literature. The results argue for early, aggressive treatment.

Key words:
Acute mediastinitis
Surgery
Complications
Morbidity
Mortality
Full text is only aviable in PDF
Bibliografía
[1.]
A.S. Estrera, M.J. Lanay, J.M. Grisham, et al.
Descending cervical mediastinitis.
Surg Gynecol Obstet, 157 (1983), pp. 545-552
[2.]
F. González-Aragoneses, N. Moreno-Mata, E. Orusco-palomino, et al.
Mediastinitis descendente necrosante de origen orofaríngeo.
Arch Bronconeumol, 32 (1996), pp. 394-396
[3.]
A. Cherveniakov, P. Cherveniakov.
Surgical treatment of acute purulent mediastinitis.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 6 (1992), pp. 407-411
[4.]
L.M. Melero-Sancho, H. Minamoto, A. Fernández, et al.
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis: a retrospective surgical experience.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 16 (1999), pp. 200-205
[5.]
C.H. Marty-Ané, J.P. Berthet, P. Alric, et al.
Management of descending necrotizing mediastinitis: an aggressive treatment for an aggressive disease.
Ann Thorac Surg, 68 (1999), pp. 212-217
[6.]
E. Papalia, O. Rena, A. Oliaro, et al.
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis: surgical management.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 20 (2001), pp. 739-742
[7.]
M.K. Dwivedi, R.K. Pal, R. Gupta, et al.
CT finding of descending necrotizing mediastinitis.
Ind J Radiol Imag, 11/3 (2001), pp. 131-134
[8.]
M. De Feo, R. Gregorio, A. Della Corte, et al.
Deep sternal wound infection: the role of early debridement surgery.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 19 (2001), pp. 811-816
[9.]
M.R. Bladergroen, J.E. Lowe, R.W. Postlethwait, et al.
Diagnosis and recommended management of aesophageal perforation and rupture.
Ann Thorac Surg, 42 (1986), pp. 235-239
[10.]
W.L. Lyons, M.G. Seremetis, V.C. DeCuzman, et al.
Ruptures and perforations of the esophagus: the case for conservative supportive management.
Ann Thorac Surg, 25 (1978), pp. 346-350
[11.]
M. Luc, H.C. Grillo, R.A. Malt.
Esophageal perforation.
Ann Thorac Surg, 32 (1982), pp. 203-210
[12.]
N.M. Merkle, T.H. Foitziik, S. Riedl, et al.
Infektionen des Mediastinums.
Chirurg, 61 (1990), pp. 629-638
[13.]
K. Moghissi, D. Pender.
Instrumental perforations of the oesophagus and their management.
Thorax, 43 (1988), pp. 641-646
[14.]
L.A. Brewer, R. Carter, G.A. Mulder, et al.
Options in the management of perforations of the esophagus.
Am J Surg, 152 (1986), pp. 62-69
[15.]
C.H. Marty-Ané, P. Alric, M. Alauzen.
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis. Advantage of mediastinal drainage with thoracothomy.
J Thoracic Cardiovasc Surg, 107 (1994), pp. 55-61
[16.]
Gabor, et al.
Indications for surgery in traqueobronquial ruptures.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 20 (2001), pp. 399-404
[17.]
P. Schroeyers, F. Wellens, I. Degrieck, et al.
Aggressive primary treatment for poststernotomy acute mediastinitis: our experience with omental and muscle flap surgery.
Eur J Cardiothorac Surg, 20 (2001), pp. 743-746
[18.]
C.H. Wheatlhy, M.C. Stirling, M.M. Kilsh.
Descending necrotizing mediastinitis. Trans-cervical drainage is not enough.
Ann Thorac Surg, 49 (1990), pp. 780-784
[19.]
R.M. El Oakley, J.E. Wright.
Postoperative mediastinitis: classification and management.
Ann Thorac Surg, 61 (1996), pp. 1030-1036
[20.]
H.F. Berg, W.G.B. Brands, T.R. Van Geldorp, et al.
Comparison between closed drainage techniques for the treatment of postoperative mediastinitis.
Ann Thorac Surg, 70 (2000), pp. 924-929
Copyright © 2003. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?