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Vol. 35. Issue 9.
Pages 428-434 (October 1999)
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Vol. 35. Issue 9.
Pages 428-434 (October 1999)
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Valoración de la calidad de vida de los pacientes con EPOC e hipoxemia crónica mediante la versión española del Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionaire
Assessment of quality of life of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic hypoxemia using the Spanish version of the Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire
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J. Sans-Torres1, Ch. Domingo, A. Marín
Corporació Sanitària Pare Taulí. Sabadell
M. Rué*, E. Durán-Tauleria*
* Servicio de Pneumologia. Fundació Pare Taulí
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Introduceión

El Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionaire (CRQ) es un cuestionario de calidad de vida específico recientemente traducido al castellano y validado en pacientes con EPOC sin insuficiencia respiratoria crónica.

Objetivo

Estudiar la asociación del CRQ con los distintos parámetros funcionales respiratorios en pacientes EPOC con hipoxemia crónica (PaO2<65).

Material y métodos

Fueron estabilizados clínica, gasométrica y espirométricamente 44 varones con EPOC (FEV1 post-PBD <50%; PaO2<65mmHg) y una edad media (DE) de 68 (7) años. Los pacientes respondieron al CRQ y fueron evaluados mediante espirometría (E), gasometría (G), pletismografía (P), prueba de difusión de monóxido de carbono (DLCO), prueba de la marcha de 6 min (PM), disnea medida mediante escala analógica visual al inicio (VASi) y al final (VASf) de la PM y pulsioximetría nocturna (PN). Se estudió la correlación del CRQ con los mencionados parámetros mediante los coeficientes de correlación de Pearson y Spearman. Se compararon la gasometría, la espirometría y la puntuación del CRQ entre el grupo de pacientes tratados con oxigenoterapia domiciliaria (OCD) y el grupo no tratado, usando los tests estadísticos de la t de Student y la U de Mann-Whitney.

Resultados

La media (DE) de resultados establece los siguientes parámetros: FVC 2.609 (618) ml; 72 (15)%; FEV1 867 (297) ml, 34 (11)%; FEV1/FVC 33 (8)%; PaO2 55 (8) mmHg; PaCO2 49 (6) mmHg. La puntuación global del CRQ se correlacionó con el FEV1 (0,38; p<0,01); FEV1/FVC (0,43, p<0,005); distancia de la PM (0,49, p<0,001); VASf (-0,64, p<0,0001) y DLCO (0,59, p<0,01). No se encontró correlación con la G, FVC, P y PN. Las dimensiones “disnea”, “fatiga”, “función emocional” y “control de enfermedad” se correlacionaron con las mismas variables que la puntuación global, excepto el FEV1/FVC para la dimensión “fatiga” y el FEV1 y la DLCO para el “control de enfermedad”. La puntuación del CRQ en el grupo OCD fue similar al grupo no OCD, a pesar de tener unos valores espirométricos y gasométricos significativamente inferiores.

Conclusiones

a) El CRQ se asocia con el FEV1, índice FEV1/FVC, PM, disnea y DLCO, pero no con la gasometría, FVC, volúmenes pulmonares y pulsioximetría nocturna; b) la escala analógica visual de disnea al final de la PM es el parámetro que guarda mayor correlación con el CRQ, y c) no hemos observado que la dependencia del tratamiento con OCD deteriore la calidad de vida del paciente con EPOC.

Palabras clave:
EPOC
Calidad de vida
Oxigenoterapia domiciliaria
Introduction

The Chronic Respiratory Disease Questionnaire (CRDQ) is a specific evaluation instrument that has been recently translated to Spanish and validated in patients with COPD without chronic respiratory insufficiency.

Objective

To study the relation of CRDQ scores to several lung function parameters in COPD patients with chronic hypoxemia (PaO2<65).

Material and methods

Forty-four middle aged [68 (7)] men with COPD (FEV1 post-PBD<50%; PaO2<65mmHg) were enrolled with established medical histories, including blood gas and spirometric data. We collected the patients’ responses to the CRDQ and measured blood gas levels, spirometric and plethysmographic variables and DLCO. Performance on a six-minute walking test was recorded, with dyspnea assessed on a visual analogue scale (VAS) initially and at the end of the walk. Nighttime pulse oxymetry was also monitored. Pearson's and Spearman's correlation coefficients were used to study the relation between CRDQ scores and the aforementioned parameters. Gas and spirometric data were compared to CRDQ scores between groups of patients treated with continuous domiciliary oxygen therapy (CDOT) and the untreated group, using Student t-test and a Mann-Whitney U-test.

Results

Results are expressed as means and standard deviations within parentheses. FVC was 2,609 (618) ml, 72 (15)%; FEV1 867 (297) ml, 34 (11)%; FEV1/FVC 33 (8)%; PaO2 55(8)mmHg; and PaCO2 49(6)mmHg. The overall CRDQ score was related to FEV1 (0.38; p<0.01); FEV1/FVC (0.43, p<0.005); walking test distance (0.49, p<0.01); final VAS (-0.64, p<0.0001) and DLCO (0.59, p<0.01). No relation was observed between CRDQ score and blood gases, nighttime pulse oximetry or plethysmograph data. “Dyspnea”, “fatigue”, “emotional function” and “disease control” dimensions of the CRDQ were related to the same variables as was the overall score, with the exception of FEV/FVC for the “fatigue” dimensión and FEV1 and DLCO for the “disease control” dimensión. The CRDQ scores were similar in the CDOT and non-CDOT groups in spite of differences in their spirometric and gasometric variables.

Conclusions

1) Score on the CRDQ is related to FEV1, the FEV1/FVC ratio, waiking test distance, dyspnea and DLCO but not to blood gases, FVC, lung volume or nighttime pulse oxymetry. 2) The VAS dyspnea score recorded at the end of the waiking test is the variable that is most strongly related to CRDQ score. 3) We found that use of CDOT did not undermine the COPD patienfs quality of life.

Key words:
COPD
Quality of life
Domiciliary oxygen therapy
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Copyright © 1999. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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