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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">TO validate a monitor for transcutaneous measurement of oxygen saturation &#40;SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41; and partial pressure of carbon dioxide &#40;TcPCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">This observational study included 140 Caucasian nonsmokers without jaundice&#46; Patients underwent forced spirometry&#44; measurement of SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and TcPCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> with the SenTec monitor&#44; and arterial blood gas analysis &#40;readings with 2 devices&#41; during the stabilization phase of the monitor&#46; In the statistical analysis&#44; values from the 2 devices for measuring arterial blood gases were compared by mean differences for PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and oxygen saturation &#40;SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41;&#46; The arithmetic mean of the 2 blood gas measurements was calculated and relations between them and the SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and TcPCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> were assessed by the Pearson correlation coefficient &#40;r&#41; and the intraclass correlation coefficient &#40;ICC&#41; as a measure of agreement&#46; Bland-Altman analysis was used to test data dispersion&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Ten patients were excluded due to a systematic error in the gas calibrator&#46; The mean &#40;SD&#41; time to stabilization of the monitor before reading was 13&#46;9 &#40;2&#46;4&#41; minutes&#46; The forced expiratory volume in the first second was greater than 80&#37; in 40 patients&#44; between 60&#37; and 79&#37; in 23&#44; between 40&#37; and 59&#37; in 30&#44; and less than 40&#37; in 37&#46; The mean differences between arterial blood gas measurements were 0&#46;28 &#40;1&#46;0&#41; mm Hg for PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; &#8722;0&#46;06&#37; &#40;0&#46;86&#37;&#41; for SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; and &#8722;0&#46;9 &#40;2&#46;7&#41; mmHg for PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#46; In the tests for correlation and agreement&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> was 0&#46;74 and ICC was 0&#46;73 for SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">r</span> was 0&#46;92 and ICC was 0&#46;92 for PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and TcPCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#46; The subgroup analyses did not show any noteworthy differences&#46; The Bland and Altman analysis showed no significant dispersion&#46; It was observed that the SenTec monitor underestimated oxygen saturation values by around 1&#37; with respect to SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>and overestimated carbon dioxide pressure by 1 mm Hg with respect to PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> values&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The stabilization time recommended for the SenTec monitor before taking a reading is 20 minutes&#46; The overestimates and underestimates by the monitor are not clinically relevant&#46; Finally&#44; the values for SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> and TcPCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> measured by the validated monitor are reliable&#46;</p>"
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      "es" => array:1 [
        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Validar un monitor que mide la saturaci&#243;n de ox&#237;geno y la presi&#243;n parcial de anh&#237;drido carb&#243;nico por v&#237;a transcut&#225;nea &#40;SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y PtcCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha realizado un estudio obser-vacional en el que se incluy&#243; a 140 pacientes de raza cauc&#225;-sica&#44; no fumadores y sin ictericia&#46; Se les realiz&#243;&#58; espirome-tr&#237;a forzada&#44; medici&#243;n de la SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y PtcCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> mediante el monitor SenTec y gasometr&#237;a arterial &#40;lectura en 2 gas&#243;me-tros&#41; durante la fase de estabilizaci&#243;n del monitor&#46; En la evaluaci&#243;n estad&#237;stica se compararon los valores de las 2 mediciones de gasometr&#237;a arterial mediante media de dife-rencias para la presi&#243;n arterial de anh&#237;drido carb&#243;nico &#40;PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41; y la saturaci&#243;n de ox&#237;geno &#40;SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#41;&#46; Se calcul&#243; la media aritm&#233;tica entre las 2 gasometr&#237;as&#44; adem&#225;s del coeficien-te de correlaci&#243;n de Pearson &#40;r&#41; y el coeficiente de correlaci&#243;n intraclase &#40;CCI&#41; entre SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y PtcCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> como medida de concordancia&#46; Se aplic&#243; el an&#225;lisis de Bland y Altman para el estudio de la dispersi&#243;n de datos&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se rechaz&#243; a 10 pacientes debido a un error sistem&#225;tico por problemas del gas calibrador&#46; El tiempo me-dio &#40;&#177; desviaci&#243;n est&#225;ndar&#41; de estabilizaci&#243;n del monitor antes de lectura fue de 13&#44;9 &#177; 2&#44;4 min&#46; El volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo fue superior al 80&#37; en 40 pacientes&#59; se situ&#243; entre el 60 y el 79&#37; en 23&#59; entre el 40 y el 59&#37; en 30&#44; y fue menor del 40&#37; en 37&#46; La media de dife-rencias entre las gasometr&#237;as arteriales fue&#58; para la PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; 0&#44;28 &#177; 1&#44;0 mmHg&#59; para la SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; &#8722;0&#44;06 &#177; 0&#44;86&#37;&#44; y para la presi&#243;n arterial de ox&#237;geno&#44; &#8722;0&#44;9 &#177; 2&#44;7 mmHg&#46; En cuanto a la correlaci&#243;n y concordancia&#44; los resultados fueron los si-guientes&#58; para la SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; r &#61; 0&#44;74 y CCI &#61; 0&#44;73&#59; para la PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>y PtcCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; r &#61; 0&#44;92 y CCI &#61; 0&#44;92&#46; El an&#225;lisis por subgru-pos no mostr&#243; diferencias destacables&#46; El an&#225;lisis de Bland y Altman no demostr&#243; dispersi&#243;n significativa de datos&#46; Se ob-serv&#243; que el monitor SenTec infravalor&#243; los valores de SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> alrededor del 1&#37; y sobrevalor&#243; los de PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>en 1 mmHg&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El tiempo de estabilizaci&#243;n aconsejable del monitor SenTec antes de realizar una lectura es de 20 min&#46; Las sobrevaloraciones e infravaloraciones del monitor carecen de traducci&#243;n cl&#237;nica&#46; Por &#250;ltimo&#44; los valores obteni-dos de SpO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> y PtcCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> del monitor validado son fiables&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 42. Issue 5.
Pages 246-251 (May 2006)
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Vol. 42. Issue 5.
Pages 246-251 (May 2006)
Techniques and Procedures
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Transcutaneous Measurement of Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen Saturation: Validation of the SenTec Monitor
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Ch. Domingo
Corresponding author
cdomingo@cspt.es

Correspondence: Dr. C. Domingo. Servei de Pneumologia. Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí. Parc Taulí, s/n. 08208 Sabadell. Barcelona. España
, E. Canturri, M. Luján, A. Moreno, H. Espuelas, A. Marín
Servei de Pneumologia, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
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Objective

TO validate a monitor for transcutaneous measurement of oxygen saturation (SpO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (TcPCO2).

Patients and methods

This observational study included 140 Caucasian nonsmokers without jaundice. Patients underwent forced spirometry, measurement of SpO2 and TcPCO2 with the SenTec monitor, and arterial blood gas analysis (readings with 2 devices) during the stabilization phase of the monitor. In the statistical analysis, values from the 2 devices for measuring arterial blood gases were compared by mean differences for PaCO2 and oxygen saturation (SaO2). The arithmetic mean of the 2 blood gas measurements was calculated and relations between them and the SpO2 and TcPCO2 were assessed by the Pearson correlation coefficient (r) and the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) as a measure of agreement. Bland-Altman analysis was used to test data dispersion.

Results

Ten patients were excluded due to a systematic error in the gas calibrator. The mean (SD) time to stabilization of the monitor before reading was 13.9 (2.4) minutes. The forced expiratory volume in the first second was greater than 80% in 40 patients, between 60% and 79% in 23, between 40% and 59% in 30, and less than 40% in 37. The mean differences between arterial blood gas measurements were 0.28 (1.0) mm Hg for PaCO2, −0.06% (0.86%) for SaO2, and −0.9 (2.7) mmHg for PaO2. In the tests for correlation and agreement, r was 0.74 and ICC was 0.73 for SaO2 and SpO2; r was 0.92 and ICC was 0.92 for PaCO2 and TcPCO2. The subgroup analyses did not show any noteworthy differences. The Bland and Altman analysis showed no significant dispersion. It was observed that the SenTec monitor underestimated oxygen saturation values by around 1% with respect to SaO2and overestimated carbon dioxide pressure by 1 mm Hg with respect to PaCO2 values.

Conclusions

The stabilization time recommended for the SenTec monitor before taking a reading is 20 minutes. The overestimates and underestimates by the monitor are not clinically relevant. Finally, the values for SpO2 and TcPCO2 measured by the validated monitor are reliable.

Key words:
Carbon dioxide partial pressure determination transcutaneous
Severinghaus type sensor
Pulse oximetry
Objetivo

Validar un monitor que mide la saturación de oxígeno y la presión parcial de anhídrido carbónico por vía transcutánea (SpO2 y PtcCO2).

Pacientes y métodos

Se ha realizado un estudio obser-vacional en el que se incluyó a 140 pacientes de raza caucá-sica, no fumadores y sin ictericia. Se les realizó: espirome-tría forzada, medición de la SpO2 y PtcCO2 mediante el monitor SenTec y gasometría arterial (lectura en 2 gasóme-tros) durante la fase de estabilización del monitor. En la evaluación estadística se compararon los valores de las 2 mediciones de gasometría arterial mediante media de dife-rencias para la presión arterial de anhídrido carbónico (PaCO2) y la saturación de oxígeno (SaO2). Se calculó la media aritmética entre las 2 gasometrías, además del coeficien-te de correlación de Pearson (r) y el coeficiente de correlación intraclase (CCI) entre SaO2 y SpO2 y PaCO2 y PtcCO2 como medida de concordancia. Se aplicó el análisis de Bland y Altman para el estudio de la dispersión de datos.

Resultados

Se rechazó a 10 pacientes debido a un error sistemático por problemas del gas calibrador. El tiempo me-dio (± desviación estándar) de estabilización del monitor antes de lectura fue de 13,9 ± 2,4 min. El volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo fue superior al 80% en 40 pacientes; se situó entre el 60 y el 79% en 23; entre el 40 y el 59% en 30, y fue menor del 40% en 37. La media de dife-rencias entre las gasometrías arteriales fue: para la PaCO2, 0,28 ± 1,0 mmHg; para la SaO2, −0,06 ± 0,86%, y para la presión arterial de oxígeno, −0,9 ± 2,7 mmHg. En cuanto a la correlación y concordancia, los resultados fueron los si-guientes: para la SaO2 y SpO2, r = 0,74 y CCI = 0,73; para la PaCO2y PtcCO2, r = 0,92 y CCI = 0,92. El análisis por subgru-pos no mostró diferencias destacables. El análisis de Bland y Altman no demostró dispersión significativa de datos. Se ob-servó que el monitor SenTec infravaloró los valores de SaO2 alrededor del 1% y sobrevaloró los de PaCO2en 1 mmHg.

Conclusiones

El tiempo de estabilización aconsejable del monitor SenTec antes de realizar una lectura es de 20 min. Las sobrevaloraciones e infravaloraciones del monitor carecen de traducción clínica. Por último, los valores obteni-dos de SpO2 y PtcCO2 del monitor validado son fiables.

Palabras clave:
PaCO2 transcutáneo
Sensor tipo Severinghaus
Pulsioxímetro
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Funded with the 2005 Institutional Investigation Committee (CIR) grant from the Parc Taulf Foundation.

Copyright © 2006. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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