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October 1995 Síntomas respiratorios en población infantil
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Vol. 31. Issue 8.
Pages 383-388 (October 1995)
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Vol. 31. Issue 8.
Pages 383-388 (October 1995)
DOI: 10.1016/S0300-2896(15)30877-2
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Síntomas respiratorios en población infantil
Respiratory symptoms in children
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A. Pereira Vega*, J.A. Maldonado Pérez, J.L. Sánchez Ramos, J. Grávalos Guzmán, E. Pujol de la Llave, M. Gómez Entrena
Servicio de Medicina Interna. Sección de Neumología. Unidad Docente de Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria. Hospital General Juan Ramón Jiménez. Huelva
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Con el objetivo de valorar la prevalencia de síntomas respiratorios y rinitis en nuestros adolescentes, hemos enviado un breve cuestionario sobre síntomas respiratorios a todos los escolares (9.644 niños) de sexto, séptimo y octavo de EGB de nuestra ciudad. Hemos considerado un modelo de síntomas por el cual llamamos grupo sintomático (GS) a los que respondieron positivamente a algunas de estas tres preguntas: a) despertarse por falta de aire; b) haber tenido ataques de asma, o c) tomar medicación para el asma; todo ello en los últimos 12 meses. Se obtuvo un 74,4% de respuestas. Refirieron sibilantes el 13,4%; opresión nocturna el 8,4%; ataque de falta de aire nocturna el 7,3%; tos nocturna el 24,8%; ataque de asma el 4,5%; tomaban medicación para el asma el 6,1% y rinitis estacional el 15,4%. Se catalogaron como sintomáticos el 11,6% (833 niños). Todos los síntomas estudiados, no requeridos para pertenecer al GS, han presentado una asociación altamente significativa con dicho grupo (p < 0,0001). No se asoció el pertenecer al GS con la edad ni con el sexo.

Palabras clave:
Síntomas respiratorios
Niños

With the aim of determining the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and rhinitis among adolescents in Spain, we sent a brief questionnaire about respiratory symptoms to all school children (9,644) in the sixth, seventh and eighth grades in our city. We identified a symptomatic group (SG) consisting of adolescents who reported having had one or more of the following three signs within the past 12 months: a) waking with a feeling of stuffiness; b) experiencing an asthma attack, or c) taking medication for asthma. Returned questionnaires accounted for 74.4% of those distributed. The following symptoms were reported: wheezing by 13.4%, nighttime oppression by 8.4%, stuffiness at night by 7.3%, nighttime coughing by 24.8%, asthma attack by 4.5%, taking asthma medication by 6.1% and seasonal rhinitis by 15.4%. The proportion of symptomatic children was 11.6% (833). All symptoms studied that were not required for inclusion in SG correlated highly with that group (p < 0.0001). Neither age ñor sex were related to inclusion.

Key words:
Respiratory symptoms
Children
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Copyright © 1995. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica

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