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Vol. 43. Issue 6.
Pages 324-333 (January 2007)
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Vol. 43. Issue 6.
Pages 324-333 (January 2007)
Original Articles
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Resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis Strains From Immigrants in the Community of Madrid: Current Assessment
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Belén Sanz Barbero
Corresponding author
bsanz@isciii.es

Correspondence: Dra. B. Sanz Barbero. Centro Nacional de Medicina Tropical. Instituto de Salud Carlos III. Sinesio Delgado, 4-8, pabellón 13. 28029 Madrid. España
, Teresa Blasco Hernández, on behalf of the working group on Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment in the Immigrant Population of the Community of Madrid (ATBIM) 1
Centro Nacional de Medicina Tropical, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
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OBJECTIVE

Immigration to Spain from countries with high rates of tuberculosis infection is increasing. The aim of this study was to describe and analyze resistance to antituberculosis drugs in strains isolated from foreign-born patients in the Community of Madrid.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

A cohort of immigrants was identified at 14 hospitals in the Community of Madrid. To assess the sensitivity of isolated strains, we used the MGIT 960 system and/or the proportion method of Canetti. Clinical and sociodemographic information was recorded for each patient. We compiled descriptive statistics and performed univariate analysis, followed by multiple logistic regression analysis.

RESULTS

From a total of 312 cases, 268 strains were isolated. Sensitivity was tested in 221 strains. The proportion of immigrants with no health care coverage was 19.9%. Thirty-one strains (14.0%) were resistant; 24 (12.6%) were in newly diagnosed cases and 6 (27.3%) were in patients who had been treated previously. Ten strains (4.5%) were multidrug resistant. Resistance to isoniazid was detected in 18 strains (9.5%). Multidrug resistance was associated with a history of prior antituberculosis treatment (odds ratio, 5.94; 95% confidence interval, 1.46-24.18).

CONCLUSIONS

Barriers to health care faced by immigrants with tuberculosis should be removed. Treatment should begin with 4 drugs while the results of sensitivity tests are pending. A history of prior antituberculosis treatment should raise a suspicion of multidrug resistance.

Key words:
Immigration
Tuberculosis
Resistance
Community of Madrid
OBJETIVO

Actualmente en España se está produciendo un incremento de la población de inmigrantes que proceden de países con altas tasas de incidencia de enfermedad tuberculosa. El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido describir y analizar las resistencias a fármacos antituberculosos entre la población inmigrante de la Comunidad de Madrid.

PACIENTES Y MÉTODOS

La cohorte de inmigrantes fue identificada a través de 14 hospitales de la Comunidad de Madrid. Para evaluar la susceptibilidad de las cepas aisladas se utilizó el sistema MGIT 960 y/o el método de las proporciones de Canetti. De cada paciente se recogió información clínica y sociodemográfica. En primer lugar se realizó un estudio descriptivo y, posteriormente, un análisis univariante y multivariante por medio de regresiones logísticas.

RESULTADOS

Se identificaron 312 casos, en los que se aislaron 268 cepas. Se obtuvo información de sensibilidad de 221 cepas. El 19,9% de la muestra no tenía cobertura sanitaria. Fueron resistentes 31 cepas (14,0%), de las que 24 (12,6%) correspondían a casos nuevos y 6 (27,3%) a casos previamente tratados. Diez cepas (4,5%) fueron multirresistentes. La resistencia a isoniacida en casos nuevos fue del 9,5% (18 cepas). La multirresistencia se asoció a historia previa de tratamiento antituberculoso (odds ratio = 5,94; intervalo de confianza del 95%, 1,46-24,18).

CONCLUSIONES

Es necesario eliminar los problemas de acceso al sistema sanitario entre los inmigrantes afectados de tuberculosis. Las pautas de tratamiento deberían comenzar con 4 fármacos hasta conocer los resultados de sensibilidad. La historia previa de tratamiento antituberculoso debe incrementar la sospecha de multirresistencia.

Palabras clave:
Inmigración
Tuberculosis
Resistencias
Comunidad de Madrid
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This study was partially funded by a grant from the Instituto de Salud Carlos III (project SBPY 1254/02-02).

Members of the working group on Adherence to Tuberculosis Treatment in the Immigrant Population of the Community of Madrid (ATBIM) are listed at the end of the article.

Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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