Oxigenoterapia deambulatoria por catéter transtraqueal

Díaz Lobato, S.; García Tejero, M.T.; Racionero, M.A.; García Río, F.; Villasante, C.; Villamor, J.

doi:10.1016/S0300-2896(15)30768-7

Archivos de Bronconeumología

ISSN: 0300-2896

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Vol. 32. Issue 5.

Pages 225-229 (May 1996)

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Pages 225-229 (May 1996)

DOI: 10.1016/S0300-2896(15)30768-7

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Oxigenoterapia deambulatoria por catéter transtraqueal

Oxygen therapy by transtracheal catheter

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S. Díaz Lobato*, M.T. García Tejero, M.A. Racionero, F. García Río, C. Villasante, J. Villamor

Servicio de Neumología. Hospital La Paz. Madrid

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La oxigenoterapia por catéter transtraqueal (CTT), descrita por Heimlich en 1982, fue inicialmente concebida como dispositivo ahorrador de O2, habiéndose configurado posteriormente como un verdadero tratamiento de la insuficiencia respiratoria crónica. En nuestro país es poco conocida. Estudiamos prospectivamente a 10 pacientes con insuficiencia respiratoria crónica, a los que se les colocó un CTT para oxigenoterapia deambulatoria, realizándose un seguimiento longitudinal de un año.

Las complicaciones presentadas fueron: expectoración hemoptoica, 100%; granulomas en orificio cutáneo, 20%, y extubación accidental, 10%. El índice de aceptación de la técnica en nuestro medio fue del 9%. El ahorro de O2 conseguido fue del 46%. El número de días de ingreso hospitalario en el año pre y poscolocación del catéter se estableció en 28 frente a 3 días (p < 0,001). La evolución de la PCO2 fue: basal, 62 ± 14; a la semana del CTT, 51,9 ± 8,8 (p < 0,1); al año del CTT, 52,9 ± 10 (NS). La evolución del hematócrito previo a CTT fue: 45,6 ± 10,22; al año, 43,4 ± 3,02 (NS). Los cambios en la PO2, FVC y FEV2 no presentaron significación estadística. No hubo problemas derivados del manejo del CTT y/o de los sistemas de O2 líquido.

Palabras clave:

Oxigenoterapia deambulatoria

Catéter transtraqueal

Insuficiencia respiratoria

Oxygen therapy by transtracheal catheter (TTC), as described by Heimlich in 1982, was originally conceived to conserve oxygen but later proved to be truly useful as a treatment for chronic respiratory insufficiency, although the technique is little used in Spain. We conducted a one-year long prospective study of 10 patients with chronic respiratory insufficiency in whom a TTC was placed for ambulatory oxygen therapy. Complications appearing were bloddy expectoration (100%), granulomas at the site of incisión (20%) and accidental extubation (10%). The index of acceptation among our patients was 9%. The oxygen savings achieved amounted to 46%. The number of hospitalized days before and after insertion of the catheter amounted to 28 and 3, respectively (p < 0.001). PCO2 levels were 62 ± 14 at baseline, 51.9 ± 8.8 (p < 0.1) after one week, and 52.9 ± 10 (NS) after one year. The hematocrit was 45.6 ± 10.22 before TTC placement and 43.4 ± 3.02 (NS) after one year. Changes in PO2, FVC and FEVI were not statistically significant. No problems derived from TTC or liquid oxygen management.

Key words:

Ambulatory oxygen therapy

Transtracheal catheter

Respiratory insufficiency

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