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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">OBJECTIVE</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Electrical impedance tomography &#40;EIT&#41; involves the application of a small alternating current to produce a series of chest images that can be used to monitor breathing pattern&#46; The relation between chest images and tidal volume has not been sufficiently validated&#46; The aim of the present study was to analyze the correlation between EIT images and the volume&#8211;time signal measured with a pneumotachometer in 13 healthy volunteers&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">MATERIAL AND METHODS</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The following measurement devices were used&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a&#41;</span> MedGraphics preVent&#8482; Pneumotach&#44; with special software for recording the volume&#8211;time signal &#40;reference test&#41;&#44; and <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">b&#41;</span> EIT-4&#44; a fourth-generation prototype unit designed by the Department of Electronic Engineering at the Universidad Polit&#233;cnica de Catalu&#241;a&#44; Spain that records the volume&#8211;time signal and produces a graphic depiction of a cross section of the thorax at the sixth intercostal space&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">RESULTS</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The mean &#40;SD&#41; tidal volume measured by the pneumotachometer and the EIT-4 was 0&#46;523 &#40;0&#46;102&#41; L and 0&#46;527 &#40;0&#46;106&#41; L&#44; respectively &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> value not significant&#41;&#46; The linear correlation coefficient between the 2 measurements was 0&#46;923 &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> &#61;&#46;001&#41;&#44; and the mean of the differences between the 2 procedures was &#8211;0&#46;003 L &#40;95&#37; confidence interval&#44; &#8211;0&#46;045 to 0&#46;038&#41;&#46; The greatest differences were associated with female gender&#44; body mass index&#44; and chest circumference&#46; In view of these differences&#44; a different equation based on these variables was needed for calibration of the EIT-4&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">CONCLUSIONS</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The EIT-4 provides an alternative means of monitoring breathing pattern&#44; although a number of issues related to the circumference of the rib cage need to be resolved&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">OBJETIVO</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La tomograf&#237;a por impedancia el&#233;ctrica &#40;TIE&#41; permite realizar un seguimiento del patr&#243;n ventilatorio a partir de una secuencia de im&#225;genes tor&#225;cicas obtenidas por la captaci&#243;n de una corriente alterna de baja intensidad&#46; La relaci&#243;n entre las im&#225;genes tor&#225;cicas y el volumen circulante no est&#225; suficientemente validada&#46; El prop&#243;sito del presente estudio ha sido comparar&#44; en un grupo de 13 voluntarios sanos&#44; la correspondencia entre las im&#225;genes de la TIE y la se&#241;al volumen&#47;tiempo obtenida mediante un neumotac&#243;metro&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">MATERIAL Y M&#201;TODOS</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los equipos que se utilizaron para las mediciones fueron&#58; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">a&#41;</span> MedGraphics prevent TM&#8482; Pneumotach&#44; implementando el <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">software</span> adecuado para registrar las se&#241;ales volumen&#47;tiempo &#40;prueba de referencia&#41;&#44; y <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">b&#41;</span> TIE-4&#44; cuarta versi&#243;n de un equipo dise&#241;ado por el Departamento de Ingenier&#237;a Electr&#243;nica de la Universidad Polit&#233;cnica de Catalu&#241;a&#44; que permite tanto el registro de la se&#241;al volumen&#47;tiempo como una representaci&#243;n gr&#225;fica de la secci&#243;n transversal situada en el sexto espacio intercostal&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">RESULTADOS</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La media &#177; desviaci&#243;n est&#225;ndar de volumen circulante obtenida mediante el neumotac&#243;metro fue de 0&#44;523 &#177; 0&#44;102 l&#44; y con la TIE-4&#44; de 0&#44;527 &#177; 0&#44;106 l &#40;p no significativa&#41;&#46; El coeficiente de correlaci&#243;n lineal entre ambas determinaciones fue de 0&#44;923 &#40;p &#61; 0&#44;001&#41;&#46; La media de las diferencias entre ambos procedimientos fue de &#8211;0&#44;003 l &#40;intervalo de confianza del 95&#37;&#44; &#8211;0&#44;045 a 0&#44;038&#41;&#46; Las mayores diferencias estaban relacionadas con el sexo femenino&#44; el &#237;ndice de masa corporal y el contorno tor&#225;cico&#44; lo que oblig&#243; a una ecuaci&#243;n diferente para calibrar la TIE-4 en funci&#243;n de estas variables&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">CONCLUSIONES</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La TIE-4 se presenta como un m&#233;todo alternativo para realizar el seguimiento del patr&#243;n ventilatorio&#44; aunque deben resolverse aspectos relacionados con la conformaci&#243;n de la caja tor&#225;cica&#46;</p>"
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Vol. 43. Issue 6.
Pages 300-303 (January 2007)
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Vol. 43. Issue 6.
Pages 300-303 (January 2007)
Original Articles
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Monitoring of Breathing Pattern at Rest by Electrical Impedance Tomography
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Marco Ballezaa,b,
Corresponding author
jballeza@santpau.es

Correspondence: Dr. M. Balleza. Unitat de Funció Pulmonar. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Antoni Maria Claret, 167. 08025 Barcelona. España
, Jaume Fornosb, Núria Calafa, Teresa Feixasa, Mercedes Gonzáleza, Daniel Antónb, Pere Riub, Pere Casana
a Unitat de Funció Pulmonar, Departament de Pneumologia, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
b Departament d'Enginyeria Electrònica, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
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OBJECTIVE

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) involves the application of a small alternating current to produce a series of chest images that can be used to monitor breathing pattern. The relation between chest images and tidal volume has not been sufficiently validated. The aim of the present study was to analyze the correlation between EIT images and the volume–time signal measured with a pneumotachometer in 13 healthy volunteers.

MATERIAL AND METHODS

The following measurement devices were used: a) MedGraphics preVent™ Pneumotach, with special software for recording the volume–time signal (reference test), and b) EIT-4, a fourth-generation prototype unit designed by the Department of Electronic Engineering at the Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, Spain that records the volume–time signal and produces a graphic depiction of a cross section of the thorax at the sixth intercostal space.

RESULTS

The mean (SD) tidal volume measured by the pneumotachometer and the EIT-4 was 0.523 (0.102) L and 0.527 (0.106) L, respectively (P value not significant). The linear correlation coefficient between the 2 measurements was 0.923 (P =.001), and the mean of the differences between the 2 procedures was –0.003 L (95% confidence interval, –0.045 to 0.038). The greatest differences were associated with female gender, body mass index, and chest circumference. In view of these differences, a different equation based on these variables was needed for calibration of the EIT-4.

CONCLUSIONS

The EIT-4 provides an alternative means of monitoring breathing pattern, although a number of issues related to the circumference of the rib cage need to be resolved.

Key words:
Electrical Impedance Tomography
Breathing pattern
Pneumotachometer
OBJETIVO

La tomografía por impedancia eléctrica (TIE) permite realizar un seguimiento del patrón ventilatorio a partir de una secuencia de imágenes torácicas obtenidas por la captación de una corriente alterna de baja intensidad. La relación entre las imágenes torácicas y el volumen circulante no está suficientemente validada. El propósito del presente estudio ha sido comparar, en un grupo de 13 voluntarios sanos, la correspondencia entre las imágenes de la TIE y la señal volumen/tiempo obtenida mediante un neumotacómetro.

MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS

Los equipos que se utilizaron para las mediciones fueron: a) MedGraphics prevent TM™ Pneumotach, implementando el software adecuado para registrar las señales volumen/tiempo (prueba de referencia), y b) TIE-4, cuarta versión de un equipo diseñado por el Departamento de Ingeniería Electrónica de la Universidad Politécnica de Cataluña, que permite tanto el registro de la señal volumen/tiempo como una representación gráfica de la sección transversal situada en el sexto espacio intercostal.

RESULTADOS

La media ± desviación estándar de volumen circulante obtenida mediante el neumotacómetro fue de 0,523 ± 0,102 l, y con la TIE-4, de 0,527 ± 0,106 l (p no significativa). El coeficiente de correlación lineal entre ambas determinaciones fue de 0,923 (p = 0,001). La media de las diferencias entre ambos procedimientos fue de –0,003 l (intervalo de confianza del 95%, –0,045 a 0,038). Las mayores diferencias estaban relacionadas con el sexo femenino, el índice de masa corporal y el contorno torácico, lo que obligó a una ecuación diferente para calibrar la TIE-4 en función de estas variables.

CONCLUSIONES

La TIE-4 se presenta como un método alternativo para realizar el seguimiento del patrón ventilatorio, aunque deben resolverse aspectos relacionados con la conformación de la caja torácica.

Palabras clave:
Tomografía por impedancia eléctrica
Patrón ventilatorio
Neumotacómetro
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Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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