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Vol. 43. Issue 1.
Pages 29-35 (January 2007)
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Vol. 43. Issue 1.
Pages 29-35 (January 2007)
Original Articles
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Monitoring of Asthma Outpatients After Adapting Treatment to Meet International Guidelines
Visits
3876
Ferran Morella,
Corresponding author
fmorell@vhebron.net

Correspondence: Dr. F. Morell. Servei de Pneumologia. Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron. Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 119-129. 08035 Barcelona. España
, Teresa Genovera, Leonardo Reyesb, Esther Benaqueb, Àlex Rogera, Jaume Ferrera
a Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Departament de Medicina, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Centre d'Assistència Primària San Rafael (SAP Muntanya), Barcelona, Spain
b Centre d'Assistència Primària Rio de Janeiro, Barcelona, Spain
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Objective

Poor control of asthma treated in outpatient settings has been demonstrated. The aim of this study was to perform a short intervention, readily replicable in everyday practice, to try to improve control of asthma symptoms.

Patients and methods

Two primary health care clinics made appointments with asthma patients to administer a questionnaire and adapt their treatment to the guidelines of the Global Initiative for Asthma. Patients also received an explanation of the disease lasting not more than 5 minutes. The protocol was repeated at a second visit 4 months later. Health care parameters were compared with those from the previous visit.

Results

The characteristics of the 180 patients were as follows: 70% were women, 17% were smokers, 8% were illiterate, 46% had only primary education, 45% were in contact with cleaning products, and 63% had extrinsic asthma. The asthma severity was as follows: mild in 73%, moderate in 23%, and severe in 4%. Twenty-two percent had received previous explanations of the disease, 50% had a written treatment plan, 14% had a plan for exacerbations, and 54% were taking inhaled corticosteroids. The second appointment was kept by 110 (61%) of the patients, who showed differences with respect to the previous visit 4 months earlier in the percentage taking inhaled corticosteroids (78%, P<.001), the number of visits to the physician (P<.01), visits to the physician due to exacerbations (P<.001), emergency visits to the outpatient clinic (P<.002), and disease severity (P<.02).

Conclusions

This minimal clinical intervention reduced the need for visits to health care centers and improved the clinical control of the disease.

Key words:
Asthma
Education
Adherence
Objetivo

Los pacientes asmáticos en régimen ambulato-rio muestran un deficiente control de su enfermedad. El objetivo de este estudio ha sido realizar una intervención cor-ta, y factible de repetir en la práctica, con el fin de intentar mejorar dicho control.

Pacientes y métodos

Se citó a los pacientes asmáticos de 2 centros de asistencia primaria para encuestarles, adaptar el tratamiento según las recomendaciones de la GINA (Global Initiative for Asthma) y explicarles en 5 min en qué consista la enfermedad. A los 4 meses se realizó una segunda visita repitiendo el protocolo. Se compararon los paráme-tros asistenciales de los 4 meses anteriores a cada visita.

Resultados

De las características clínicas de los 180 pacientes destaca que un 70% eran mujeres, un 17% fumaba, un 8% eran analfabetos, un 46% únicamente tenía estudios primarios, un 45% estaba en contacto con productos de lim-pieza y en un 63% el asma era extrínseca. Por lo que se re-fiere a la gravedad del asma, en un 73% ésta era leve, en un 23%, moderada y en un 4%, grave. Un 22% había recibido explicaciones sobre su enfermedad, un 50% tenía el tratamiento por escrito, un 14% tenía un plan para las exacerba-ciones y el 54% recibía corticoides inhalados. Los 110 (61%) que acudieron a la segunda visita mostraron diferencias, en los 4 meses previos a cada visita, en el tratamiento con corticoi-des inhalados (78%, p < 0,001) en el número de visitas a su médico (p < 0,01), en las visitas por agudización a su médico (p < 0,001) y a urgencias en su ambulatorio (p < 0,002), y también en el estadio de la enfermedad (p < 0,02).

Conclusiones

Esta actuación clínica mínima ha reduci-do la frecuentación a los centros asistenciales y ha mejorado el grado de control clínico de los pacientes.

Palabras clave:
Asma
Educación
Adherencia
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This study received partial funding from RedRespira-ISCiii-RTIC-03/11 and a grant from the Fundació Catalana de Pneumologia (FUCAP-Astra).

Copyright © 2007. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
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