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Vol. 36. Issue 6.
Pages 326-331 (June 2000)
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Vol. 36. Issue 6.
Pages 326-331 (June 2000)
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Infección y uso de antibióticos en la EPOC en atención primaria
Infection and antibiotic use in primary care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
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J. Ruiz Manzanoa,*, P. Fernández-Martínezb, J. Moreraa, M.S. Pratsc, A. Rosellc, F. Andreoa
a Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol. Badalona. Barcelona
b Centro de Atención Primaria. CAP Gran Vía. Barcelona
c Facultativo especialista de área. Badalona. Barcelona
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Objetivos

Conocer la opinión de médicos de atención primaria españoles, respecto a distintos aspectos diagnósticos y terapéuticos relacionados con la EPOC, con especial énfasis en la infección bacteriana.

Métodos

Se distribuyó un cuestionario con 20 preguntas sobre aspectos diagnósticos y terapéuticos de la EPOC a un total de 15.000 médicos de atención primaria, elegidos mediante un muestreo razonado estratificado por zonas geográficas de España. La participación en el estudio fue voluntaria y no incentivada y se garantizó la confidencialidad de la información aportada. El análisis de los datos se realizó mediante un programa informático diseñado al efecto.

Resultados

Se obtuvieron respuestas válidas de 1.852 médicos (12,3%). El 86% ejercía en centros públicos. El 70% de los encuestados consideró el aumento de la tos con expectoración mucopurulenta como la manifestación más importante de sospecha de infección respiratoria. Los gérmenes que los médicos de atención primaria opinan que son los responsables de las agudizaciones con mayor frecuencia son: H. influenzae (83%), S. pneumoniae (79%) y M. catharralis (61%). El espectro antimicrobiano se consideró como criterio fundamental para escoger el antibiótico (91%). Los antibióticos más utilizados fueron por orden de preferencia: amoxicilina-clavulánico (50%), macrólidos (24%), cefalosporinas de segunda y tercera generación (15%) y otros. La duración del tratamiento se estableció en una media de 10 días de forma casi universal.

Conclusiones

Los médicos de atención primaria encuestados han demostrado un buen conocimiento de la infección bacteriana en la EPOC y de su adecuado tratamiento.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica
Atención primaria
Infección respiratoria
Antibióticos
Objectives

The aim of this study was to know the opinion of Spanish primary care physicians regarding various aspects of diagnosis and treatment of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), particularly with regard to bacterial infection in COPD.

Methods

A 20-item questionnaire about diagnostic and therapeutic aspects of COPD was distributed to 15,000 primary care physicians. The sample was stratified to be representative of Spanish geographic areas. Participation was voluntary and no incentive was provided; assurance of confidentiality of information given. A specially designed program was used for data analysis.

Results

Valid responses were obtained from 1,852 physicians (12.3%), 86% of whom were practicing in public clinics. Increased coughing with mucopurulent expectoration was considered the most important sign leading to suspicion of respiratory infection according to 70% of the respondents. The germs that primary care physicians thought responsible for infection in most cases were H. influenzae (83%), S. pneumoniae (79%), Pseudomonas (65%) and M. catarrhalis (61%). Antimicrobial spectrum was considered the main criterion for choosing an antibiotic (by 91%). The most frequently prescribed antibiotics were by order of preference: amoxicillin-clavulanic (50%), macrolides (24%), second and third generation cephalosporins (15%) and others. Mean duration of treatment was seen to be 10 days in nearly all cases.

Conclusions

The primary care physicians surveyed were shown to have a good level of understanding of bacterial infection and its treatment in COPD.

Key words:
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Respiratory infection
Antibiotics
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Copyright © 2000. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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