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Vol. 46. Issue S1.
Pages 17-20 (March 2010)
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Vol. 46. Issue S1.
Pages 17-20 (March 2010)
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Exposición a contaminantes ambientales y enfermedad respiratoria. Un foco de atención en el año 2009
Exposure to Environmental Contaminants and Respiratory Disease. Spotlight on the Year 2009
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Javier González Barcalaa, José Antonio Rodríguez Portalb, María Jesús Cruz Carmonac, Cristina Martínez Gonzálezd,
Corresponding author
cmartinez@hca.es

Autor para correspondencia.
a Servicio de Neumoloxía, Complexo Hospitalario Clinico Universitario de Pontevedra, España
b Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío Sevilla, España
c Institut de Recerca Pneumologia, Hospital de la Vall d’Hebron, Barcelona, España
d Área del Pulmón, Instituto Nacional de Silicosis Hospital Central Universitario de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, España
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Resumen

La inhalación mantenida de agentes contaminantes presentes en el aire que respiramos es una causa frecuente de enfermedad respiratoria. De forma clásica, esta relación exposición-enfermedad se ha concretado en el lugar de trabajo y como causa de enfermedades específicas, como la neumoconiosis y el asma ocupacional. Sin embargo, cada vez es mayor la evidencia que indica la asociación entre exposición laboral y otras afecciones respiratorias tan prevalentes como la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica y el cáncer de pulmón. Además, el efecto de la contaminación también se observa fuera del lugar de trabajo, el aire de las ciudades puede contribuir a aumentar la morbilidad y la mortalidad por enfermedades respiratorias crónicas. A continuación, se revisan algunos de los artículos publicados durante el año 2009 que inciden en algunos aspectos relacionados con las enfermedades respiratorias de origen laboral y medioambiental.

Palabras clave:
Enfermedades respiratorias de origen ocupacional medioambiental
Asbestosis
Mesotelioma
Silicosis
Asma ocupacional
Contaminación ambiental
Abstract

The continued inhalation of contaminants present in the air that we breathe is a common cause of respiratory disease. Classically, this exposure-disease relationship has been proved in the workplace and as a cause of specific diseases such as pneumoconiosis and occupational asthma. However, there is increasing evidence indicating an association between occupational exposure and other more prevalent respiratory diseases such as Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease and lung cancer. The effect of contamination is also observed outside the workplace. The air in cities can contribute to increasing the morbidity and mortality due to chronic respiratory diseases. Some articles published during the year 2009 that have a bearing on aspects associated with respiratory diseases of occupational or environmental origin are reviewed below.

Keywords:
Occupational environment respiratory diseases
Asbestosis
Mesothelioma
Silicosis
Occupational asthma
Environmental contamination
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Copyright © 2010. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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