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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We report the case of a 19-year-old man with a history of post-traumatic subdural hematoma in December 2014&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">He attended the emergency department of our hospital with a clinical picture suggestive of acute respiratory infection and radiological image consistent with right basal pneumonia&#46; He denied any previous episodes of repeated catarrh or bloody expectoration&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A chest radiograph performed during admission revealed a well-defined&#44; homogeneous mass in the lower third of the right hemithorax&#44; obliterating the hemidiaphragm&#44; with no clear picture of air bronchogram in the interior&#46; Given the homogeneous aspect of the mass&#44; a chest CT was requested&#44; also during admission&#44; which described an area of lung consolidation 9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm in diameter with peripheral bronchogram in the posterior and medial segment of the right lower lobe&#46; Empirical antibiotic treatment began&#44; and after good clinical progress and partial resolution of the radiological findings&#44; the patient was discharged with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In a follow-up visit&#44; partial persistence of the right homogeneous mass was noted&#44; and a &#8220;tubular opacity&#8221; was observed in the left base behind the cardiac silhouette &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41;&#44; leading us to a diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration&#46; An angiotomography was requested&#44; which revealed pulmonary sequestration &#40;PS&#41; in the right lower lung base&#44; with no fissure separating it from the rest of the pulmonary parenchyma&#44; irrigated by an artery originating in the abdominal aorta&#44; and venous drainage to the left atrium via the right inferior pulmonary vein&#59; PS in the left posterior lung base&#44; partial fissure separating it from the rest of the pulmonary parenchyma&#44; irrigated by an artery originating in the thoracic artery&#44; and venous drainage to the left atrium via the left lower pulmonary vein &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>B&#8211;D&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In view of the CT findings&#44; the patient was referred to the reference thoracic surgery unit for surgical evaluation with a diagnosis of bilateral PS&#46; Atypical ablation of the right lower lobe was performed by right video-assisted minithoracotomy with ligation of the artery originating in the abdominal aorta&#46; In a second stage&#44; 2 months later&#44; atypical ablation of the left lower lobe was performed by left video-assisted minithoracotomy&#44; with release of the sequestered artery and the inferior pulmonary vein&#46; Intraoperative diagnoses were&#58; right and left intralobar PS with accessory fissure in the left lower lobe&#44; irrigated by a direct branch from the aorta&#46; The pathology report described pulmonary parenchyma lined with visceral pleura&#44; with isolated foci of pulmonary fibrosis and dilated bronchi&#44; findings consistent with intralobar PS in the left lower lobe and right lower lobe&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">PS is a rare malformation&#44; and diagnosis is generally made early in life&#46; The treatment of choice is segmentectomy by thoracotomy&#46; Most intralobar PS are unilateral&#44; and bilateral PS are very rare&#46; The general incidence of PS ranges between 0&#46;15&#37; and 1&#46;8&#37;&#59; the exact statistics of bilateral PS have not yet been determined&#44; but it is known to be extremely rare&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The radiological image of intralobar sequestration can vary&#58; it can be a well-defined homogeneous mass&#44; an air- or fluid-filled cystic lesion&#44; a hyperlucent and hypovascular region&#44; or a combination of all of these&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Presentation may also be unusual&#44; as in our case&#44; manifesting with only a subtle area of tubular opacity in the lower lobe that might represent the systemic vessels or venous drainage associated with the lesion&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several case reviews published over the years have reported very few bilateral sequestrations&#44; an example being the review published by Wei Y and Li F in 2011&#44; in which only 3 of 2625 reviewed cases were bilateral&#59; 2 patients both with intralobar PS&#44; as in our case&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">With respect to treatment&#44; surgical resection of the smallest amount of pulmonary parenchyma possible has been compared with angiographic embolization in newborns&#58; the safest and most effective method appears to be surgical resection&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> although there have been reports of asymptomatic patients successfully treated with embolization&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although many presentations of PS have been described in the literature&#44; we must remember that slow-to-resolve pneumonias may conceal this entity&#44; a fact that&#44; along with the tubular opacity&#44; guided us toward the diagnosis&#46; Moreover&#44; it is unclear how many cases of bilateral PS exist in Spain&#44; and we believe that it would be of interest to make a larger case review study with the aim of furthering our knowledge of the topic&#46;</p></span>"
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Scientific Letter
Bilateral Intralobar Pulmonary Sequestration in a Young Adult. A Case Report
Secuestro pulmonar intralobar bilateral en adulto joven. A propósito de un caso
Filomena Oliveri Aruete
Corresponding author
Filomena.Oliveri@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Ariela Candelario Cáceres, Enrique Alonso Mallo
Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Río Carrión, Complejo Asistencial Universitario de Palencia, Palencia, Spain
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We report the case of a 19-year-old man with a history of post-traumatic subdural hematoma in December 2014&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">He attended the emergency department of our hospital with a clinical picture suggestive of acute respiratory infection and radiological image consistent with right basal pneumonia&#46; He denied any previous episodes of repeated catarrh or bloody expectoration&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A chest radiograph performed during admission revealed a well-defined&#44; homogeneous mass in the lower third of the right hemithorax&#44; obliterating the hemidiaphragm&#44; with no clear picture of air bronchogram in the interior&#46; Given the homogeneous aspect of the mass&#44; a chest CT was requested&#44; also during admission&#44; which described an area of lung consolidation 9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm in diameter with peripheral bronchogram in the posterior and medial segment of the right lower lobe&#46; Empirical antibiotic treatment began&#44; and after good clinical progress and partial resolution of the radiological findings&#44; the patient was discharged with a diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In a follow-up visit&#44; partial persistence of the right homogeneous mass was noted&#44; and a &#8220;tubular opacity&#8221; was observed in the left base behind the cardiac silhouette &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41;&#44; leading us to a diagnosis of pulmonary sequestration&#46; An angiotomography was requested&#44; which revealed pulmonary sequestration &#40;PS&#41; in the right lower lung base&#44; with no fissure separating it from the rest of the pulmonary parenchyma&#44; irrigated by an artery originating in the abdominal aorta&#44; and venous drainage to the left atrium via the right inferior pulmonary vein&#59; PS in the left posterior lung base&#44; partial fissure separating it from the rest of the pulmonary parenchyma&#44; irrigated by an artery originating in the thoracic artery&#44; and venous drainage to the left atrium via the left lower pulmonary vein &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>B&#8211;D&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In view of the CT findings&#44; the patient was referred to the reference thoracic surgery unit for surgical evaluation with a diagnosis of bilateral PS&#46; Atypical ablation of the right lower lobe was performed by right video-assisted minithoracotomy with ligation of the artery originating in the abdominal aorta&#46; In a second stage&#44; 2 months later&#44; atypical ablation of the left lower lobe was performed by left video-assisted minithoracotomy&#44; with release of the sequestered artery and the inferior pulmonary vein&#46; Intraoperative diagnoses were&#58; right and left intralobar PS with accessory fissure in the left lower lobe&#44; irrigated by a direct branch from the aorta&#46; The pathology report described pulmonary parenchyma lined with visceral pleura&#44; with isolated foci of pulmonary fibrosis and dilated bronchi&#44; findings consistent with intralobar PS in the left lower lobe and right lower lobe&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">PS is a rare malformation&#44; and diagnosis is generally made early in life&#46; The treatment of choice is segmentectomy by thoracotomy&#46; Most intralobar PS are unilateral&#44; and bilateral PS are very rare&#46; The general incidence of PS ranges between 0&#46;15&#37; and 1&#46;8&#37;&#59; the exact statistics of bilateral PS have not yet been determined&#44; but it is known to be extremely rare&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The radiological image of intralobar sequestration can vary&#58; it can be a well-defined homogeneous mass&#44; an air- or fluid-filled cystic lesion&#44; a hyperlucent and hypovascular region&#44; or a combination of all of these&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> Presentation may also be unusual&#44; as in our case&#44; manifesting with only a subtle area of tubular opacity in the lower lobe that might represent the systemic vessels or venous drainage associated with the lesion&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Several case reviews published over the years have reported very few bilateral sequestrations&#44; an example being the review published by Wei Y and Li F in 2011&#44; in which only 3 of 2625 reviewed cases were bilateral&#59; 2 patients both with intralobar PS&#44; as in our case&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">With respect to treatment&#44; surgical resection of the smallest amount of pulmonary parenchyma possible has been compared with angiographic embolization in newborns&#58; the safest and most effective method appears to be surgical resection&#44;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> although there have been reports of asymptomatic patients successfully treated with embolization&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a></p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Although many presentations of PS have been described in the literature&#44; we must remember that slow-to-resolve pneumonias may conceal this entity&#44; a fact that&#44; along with the tubular opacity&#44; guided us toward the diagnosis&#46; Moreover&#44; it is unclear how many cases of bilateral PS exist in Spain&#44; and we believe that it would be of interest to make a larger case review study with the aim of furthering our knowledge of the topic&#46;</p></span>"
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        "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as&#58; Oliveri Aruete F&#44; Candelario C&#225;ceres A&#44; Alonso Mallo E&#46; Secuestro pulmonar intralobar bilateral en adulto joven&#46; A prop&#243;sito de un caso&#46; Arch Bronconeumol&#46; 2017&#59;53&#58;281&#8211;282&#46;</p>"
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          "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">&#40;A&#41; PA chest radiograph showing a well-defined mass in the right lower lobe&#44; containing no apparent air bronchogram&#44; and left retrocardiac tubular opacity corresponding to a feeder vein originating from a branch of the abdominal aorta&#46; &#40;B&#8211;D&#41; Reconstruction of chest CT showing vessels feeding both sequestrations&#46; In the right side&#44; the artery originating in the abdominal aorta can be seen with its venous drainage to the left atrium&#44; via the right inferior pulmonary vein&#46; In the left side&#44; the artery originating in the thoracic aorta can be seen with its venous drainage to the left atrium&#44; via the left inferior pulmonary vein&#46;</p>"
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Article information
ISSN: 15792129
Original language: English
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