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id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">(A) Axial CT image of the head, after administration of intravenous contrast medium, showing 2 intra-axial ring enhancing lesions (arrows) in the left cerebral hemisphere, with a significant mass effect and associated perilesional edema. 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"lucia_lzjc@hotmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Guillermo" "apellidos" => "Moreno Redondo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Alejandro" "apellidos" => "Maestro Borbolla" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Sección de Neumología, Hospital General de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital General de Elche, Elche, Alicante, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Seudoquilotórax sin engrosamiento pleural asociado a artritis reumatoide" ] ] "resumenGrafico" => array:2 [ "original" => 0 "multimedia" => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 601 "Ancho" => 900 "Tamanyo" => 65608 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CT image showing pleural effusion with no signs of pleural thickening.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pseudochylothorax is a very uncommon type of pleural effusion characterized by a high cholesterol content, and usually occurs in chronic effusions with pleural thickening.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> The most common causes are tuberculous effusion, sequelae from therapeutic pneumothorax, and rheumatoid pleurisy, although it has been seen in other clinical situations.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a> While pleural effusion is a relatively common finding in rheumatoid arthritis, only around 20 cases of pseudochylothorax have been reported in these patients, so it is difficult to determine the real prevalence of this process.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a></p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cholesterol in the pleural space was thought to be due to erythrocyte and neutrophil degradation within a thickened pleura, but it seems more likely to originate from serum lipoproteins than from cell lysis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Pleural thickening with fibrotic scar tissue preventing fluid absorption was considered a key element in the etiopathogenesis of pseudochylothorax.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> However, in recent years, some cases of pseudochylothorax have been reported in patients with rheumatoid arthritis who have not shown pleural thickening, bringing the generally accepted pathogenic mechanism into question.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4,5</span></a> We have diagnosed a new case of pseudochylothorax in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis who did not present pleural thickening. A 53-year-old woman, smoker (25 pack-years) with no previous respiratory symptoms, was referred to the respiratory medicine specialist after a small pleural effusion with no associated symptoms was detected on the study performed before an intervention for abdominal hernia. A chest radiograph obtained 7 months previously from the same patient did not show pleural effusion. She had been diagnosed with rheumatoid arthritis 2 years previously and was receiving treatment with corticosteroids, methotrexate and certolizumab. On chest CT (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>) pleural effusion was observed with no signs of pleural thickening. A thoracocentesis was performed, yielding a sterile, opalescent fluid with no malignant cells, pH 7.03, glucose <20<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dl, proteins 7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g/dl, LDH 14,691<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U/l, ADA 137<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U/l, rheumatoid factor <9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>U/ml, triglycerides 17<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dl and cholesterol 255<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dl (in serum 186<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg/dl).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our case showed characteristics of pleural effusion due to rheumatoid arthritis (very low pH and glucose and high LDL levels) and pseudochylothorax (low triglycerides and high cholesterol concentration in pleural fluid), and adds to the few previous observations of pseudochylothorax associated with rheumatoid arthritis in the absence of pleural thickening. This finding suggests that pathogenic mechanisms must exist for the formation of this type of pleural effusion other than the chronic process of fluid within a fibrotic pleura,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> and confirms that the absence of pleural thickening does not rule out pseudochylothorax. Pseudochylothorax, if asymptomatic, does not require any specific treatment. However, when it occurs in association with rheumatoid arthritis, cases have been described in which intensive treatment of the underlying disease leads to control or resolution of the pseudochylothorax.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Molina LZ, Redondo GM, Borbolla AM. Seudoquilotórax sin engrosamiento pleural asociado a artritis reumatoide. Arch Bronconeumol. 2016;52:533–534.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 601 "Ancho" => 900 "Tamanyo" => 65608 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">CT image showing pleural effusion with no signs of pleural thickening.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Chylothorax and pseudochylothorax" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "G. 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Lee" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1378/chest.09-0445" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "136" "paginaInicial" => "1144" "paginaFinal" => "1147" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19809057" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Chyliform effusion without pleural thickening in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis: a case report" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "C. Muresan" 1 => "L. Muresan" 2 => "I. Grigorescu" 3 => "D.L. Dumitrascu" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.4103/0970-2113.168127" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Lung India" "fecha" => "2015" "volumen" => "32" "paginaInicial" => "616" "paginaFinal" => "619" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26664172" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "agradecimientos" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Acknowledgement" "texto" => "<p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Our thanks to Eduardo García Pachón, without whom we could not have produced this paper.</p>" "vista" => "all" ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/15792129/0000005200000010/v2_201609300109/S1579212916301781/v2_201609300109/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "49861" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Scientific letters" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15792129/0000005200000010/v2_201609300109/S1579212916301781/v2_201609300109/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://archbronconeumol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212916301781?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" ]
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2022 September | 41 | 15 | 56 |
2022 August | 46 | 40 | 86 |
2022 July | 35 | 41 | 76 |
2022 June | 36 | 26 | 62 |
2022 May | 71 | 25 | 96 |
2022 April | 55 | 47 | 102 |
2022 March | 54 | 57 | 111 |
2022 February | 65 | 24 | 89 |
2022 January | 60 | 34 | 94 |
2021 December | 57 | 39 | 96 |
2021 November | 57 | 43 | 100 |
2021 October | 72 | 51 | 123 |
2021 September | 50 | 47 | 97 |
2021 August | 61 | 40 | 101 |
2021 July | 44 | 22 | 66 |
2021 June | 48 | 33 | 81 |
2021 May | 58 | 43 | 101 |
2021 April | 86 | 76 | 162 |
2021 March | 42 | 31 | 73 |
2021 February | 34 | 20 | 54 |
2021 January | 37 | 23 | 60 |
2020 December | 39 | 27 | 66 |
2020 November | 31 | 17 | 48 |
2020 October | 26 | 19 | 45 |
2020 September | 35 | 14 | 49 |
2020 August | 26 | 16 | 42 |
2020 July | 31 | 25 | 56 |
2020 June | 33 | 9 | 42 |
2020 May | 42 | 13 | 55 |
2020 April | 55 | 26 | 81 |
2020 March | 17 | 10 | 27 |
2020 February | 28 | 22 | 50 |
2020 January | 34 | 14 | 48 |
2019 December | 30 | 13 | 43 |
2019 November | 34 | 21 | 55 |
2019 October | 26 | 8 | 34 |
2019 September | 25 | 8 | 33 |
2019 August | 43 | 16 | 59 |
2019 July | 33 | 17 | 50 |
2019 June | 27 | 17 | 44 |
2019 May | 34 | 10 | 44 |
2019 April | 43 | 23 | 66 |
2019 March | 21 | 14 | 35 |
2019 February | 29 | 15 | 44 |
2019 January | 16 | 8 | 24 |
2018 December | 34 | 13 | 47 |
2018 November | 42 | 16 | 58 |
2018 October | 38 | 19 | 57 |
2018 September | 19 | 8 | 27 |
2018 May | 13 | 2 | 15 |
2018 April | 27 | 5 | 32 |
2018 March | 14 | 5 | 19 |
2018 February | 16 | 6 | 22 |
2018 January | 17 | 5 | 22 |
2017 December | 30 | 6 | 36 |
2017 November | 21 | 3 | 24 |
2017 October | 20 | 4 | 24 |
2017 September | 27 | 11 | 38 |
2017 August | 26 | 5 | 31 |
2017 July | 17 | 3 | 20 |
2017 June | 39 | 16 | 55 |
2017 May | 32 | 10 | 42 |
2017 April | 17 | 7 | 24 |
2017 March | 13 | 4 | 17 |
2017 February | 9 | 9 | 18 |
2017 January | 8 | 5 | 13 |