Case Report
Intrapulmonary Schwannoma Diagnosed With Endobronchial Ultrasound-Guided Transbronchial Needle Aspiration: Case Report
Un caso de schwannoma intrapulmonar diagnosticado mediante aspiración por punción transbronquial guiada con ecografía endobronquial
Keisuke Watanabea, Masaharu Shinkaia,
, Masahiro Shinodaa, Yoshiaki Ishigatsubob, Takeshi Kanekoc
Corresponding author
a Respiratory Disease Center, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan
b Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Immunology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
c Department of Pulmonology, Yokohama City University Graduate School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan
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(C) Immunostaining for S-100 was positive ×200.</p>" ] ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introduction</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Intrapulmonary schwannoma is a rare tumor that is usually diagnosed by postoperative pathological examination. We present a case of intrapulmonary schwannoma diagnosed by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration (EBUS-TBNA).</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Case Presentation</span><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A 47-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for diagnostic testing of a lung tumor. She had undergone right thyroid lobectomy for papillary thyroid adenocarcinoma two years previously. The patient was afebrile with no palpable lymph nodes, and her vital signs and pulmonary auscultation were normal. Biochemistry and hematology tests were unremarkable. Chest X-ray showed a 2-cm nodule in the upper right lung field. Chest computed tomography (CT) (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>A and B) revealed a round, well-defined 2.4-cm nodule in S2, adjacent to the right upper lobe bronchus. A sub-mucosal lesion and almost complete occlusion of the right upper lobe bronchus were identified on bronchscopy. EBUS showed a well-defined hypoechoic tumor, with an echogenic capsule and posterior acoustic enhancement (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig. 1</a>C and D). Nerve continuity was not detected. EBUS-TBNA was performed, as a histological diagnosis may have been difficult to obtain with transbronchial biopsy. The EBUS-TBNA sample showed hypercellular areas with proliferation of fusiform cells and hypocellular areas (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>A and B). Immunostaining for S-100 was positive (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0010">Fig. 2</a>C), and a diagnosis of schwannoma was confirmed. Rapid on-site cytologic evaluation was not performed. The patient underwent tumorectomy due to the possibility of obstructive pneumonia. Pathological examination of the surgical specimen further supported the diagnosis of schwannoma.</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Discussion</span><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Pathological diagnosis is generally important in choosing the treatment plan for lung tumors. Conventional bronchoscopy is extensively used to obtain samples for pathological examination, but it is impossible to biopsy intrapulmonary tumors situated beyond the reach of the bronchoscope. In these cases EBUS-TBNA, a relatively safe technique with a complication rate of 1.23% is often useful for establishing the diagnosis.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> Moreover, its sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of intrapulmonary lesions are 94.1% and 94.3%,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> respectively.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Positron emission tomography (PET) with 2-deoxy-2-[18F]fluoro-<span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">d</span>-glucose (FDG) is widely used to identify malignant lesions, with a sensitivity and specificity of 96.8% and 77.8%, respectively.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> However, schwannoma shows a high level of FDG uptake in some cases, although it is a benign tumor,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> making it difficult to differentiate it from malignant tumors using PET. Intrapulmonary schwannoma is usually diagnosed by postoperative pathological examination; no cases of intrapulmonary schwannoma diagnosed by EBUS-TBNA have been described. In our patient however, this procedure facilitated diagnosis, while preoperative pathological diagnosis was useful for performing the tumorectomy. EBUS-TBNA might therefore be helpful for the diagnosis of intrapulmonary schwannoma and for establishing the treatment plan.</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">On ultrasound, schwannoma is a well-defined hypoechogenic tumor.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> In some cases an echogenic capsule, posterior acoustic enhancement and nerve continuity are also detected.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> However, these characteristics are typical of schwannoma located in the limbs or near the surface of the body. As far as we know, identification of an intrapulmonary schwannoma with endobronchial ultrasound has not hitherto been described. In our case, it showed a well-defined hypoechogenic encapsulated mass, with posterior acoustic enhancement, although nerve continuity was not detected. These characteristics could be useful for diagnosing a tumor of nerve origin in the lung.</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In summary, we present the first case of intrapulmonary schwannoma diagnosed by EBUS-TBNA. This procedure together with endobronchial ultrasound findings might be helpful for the diagnosis of intrapulmonary schwannoma.</p></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Conflict of Interest</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">None.</p></span></span>" "textoCompletoSecciones" => array:1 [ "secciones" => array:9 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres379769" "titulo" => "Abstract" ] 1 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec358582" "titulo" => "Keywords" ] 2 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xres379770" "titulo" => "Resumen" ] 3 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "xpalclavsec358581" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" ] 4 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0005" "titulo" => "Introduction" ] 5 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0010" "titulo" => "Case Presentation" ] 6 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0015" "titulo" => "Discussion" ] 7 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "sec0020" "titulo" => "Conflict of Interest" ] 8 => array:1 [ "titulo" => "References" ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2013-10-10" "fechaAceptado" => "2013-11-11" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec358582" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Intrapulmonary schwannoma" 1 => "Endobronchial ultrasonography" 2 => "Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec358581" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Schwannoma intrapulmonar" 1 => "Ecografía endobronquial" 2 => "Aspiración por punción transbronquial guiada con ecografía endobronquial" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A 47-year-old woman was referred to our hospital for further examination of a lung tumor. CT of the chest revealed a round, well-defined 2.4-cm nodule in S2, adjacent to right superior lobe bronchus. Endobronchial ultrasonography showed a well-defined, hypoechoic tumor with echogenic capsule and posterior acoustic enhancement. Diagnosis of schwannoma was confirmed from the specimen obtained by endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration. She underwent tumorectomy due to the possibility of obstructive pneumonia. Pathology diagnosis from the surgical specimen was also schwannoma. Endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration and findings with endobronchial ultrasonography might be helpful in the diagnosis of intrapulmonary schwannoma.</p>" ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Una mujer de 47 años fue remitida a nuestro hospital para un estudio diagnóstico de un tumor pulmonar. La TC de tórax reveló la presencia de un nódulo redondeado, bien definido, de 2,4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm en S2, adyacente al bronquio del lóbulo superior derecho. La ecografía endobronquial mostró un tumor hipoecogénico, bien definido, con una cápsula ecogénica y un refuerzo acústico posterior. El diagnóstico de schwannoma se confirmó con el material obtenido mediante aspiración por punción transbronquial guiada con ecografía endobronquial. Se practicó a la paciente una tumorectomía porque existía la posibilidad de una neumonía obstructiva. El diagnóstico anatomopatológico de la pieza quirúrgica fue también de schwannoma. La aspiración por punción transbronquial guiada con ecografía endobronquial y los resultados de la ecografía endobronquial podrían ser útiles para el diagnóstico de un schwannoma intrapulmonar.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Watanabe K, Shinkai M, Shinoda M, Ishigatsubo Y, Kaneko T. Un caso de schwannoma intrapulmonar diagnosticado mediante aspiración por punción transbronquial guiada con ecografía endobronquial. Arch Bronconeumol. 2014;50:490–492.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0005" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr1.jpeg" "Alto" => 1116 "Ancho" => 1300 "Tamanyo" => 202859 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Chest CT revealed a round, well-defined 2.4-cm nodule in S2, adjacent to the right upper lobe bronchus (A, B). EBUS showed a well-defined hypoechoic tumor, with an echogenic capsule and posterior acoustic enhancement (C, D).</p>" ] ] 1 => array:7 [ "identificador" => "fig0010" "etiqueta" => "Fig. 2" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "figura" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "imagen" => "gr2.jpeg" "Alto" => 461 "Ancho" => 1500 "Tamanyo" => 239241 ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The sample obtained by EBUS-TBNA showed hypercellular areas with proliferation of fusiform cells and hypocellular areas (A) hematoxylin and eosin staining, ×100, (B) hematoxylin and eosin staining, ×200. (C) Immunostaining for S-100 was positive ×200.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:5 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Complications associated with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: a nationwide survey by the Japan Society for Respiratory Endoscopy" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "F. Asano" 1 => "M. Aoe" 2 => "Y. Ohsaki" 3 => "Y. Okada" 4 => "S. Sasada" 5 => "S. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
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| 2024 November | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2024 October | 40 | 13 | 53 |
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