Strategies for Reducing Risks in Smoking: Opportunity or Threat?

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"tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "611" "paginaFinal" => "616" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Rodrigo Córdoba, Isabel Nerín" "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Rodrigo" "apellidos" => "Córdoba" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 1 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Isabel" "apellidos" => "Nerín" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "isabelne@unizar.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "¿" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Medicina Familiar y Comunitaria, Centro de Salud Delicias Sur, Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "a" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "b" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Estrategias de reducción de riesgos en tabaquismo: ¿oportunidad o amenaza?" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2009-05-04" "fechaAceptado" => "2009-07-17" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec155554" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Smoking" 1 => "Risk reduction" 2 => "Strategies" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec155555" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Tabaquismo" 1 => "Reducción de riesgos" 2 => "Estrategias" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Abstract" "resumen" => "The smoking control policies recommended by the World Health Organisation have achieved a slight decrease in smoking prevalence in developed countries, although associated mortality is still very high. The use of tobacco products other than cigarettes and even medicinal nicotine (known as nicotine replacement therapy [NRT]) has been proposed as a risk reduction strategy. Among the tobacco products with less individual risk than cigarettes would be any type of tobacco without smoke (smokeless) with a low content in nitrosamines and modified cigarettes; both forms included under the PREP (Potentially Reduced Exposure Products) concept. The idea would be to promote these products among patients who cannot quit smoking or wish to reduce their risk without giving up nicotine intake. The possible effects of risk reduction strategies, including PREP, on the decreased prevalence and morbidity and mortality are reviewed, and the possible implications that this measure could have in Spain are analysed. Tobacco control measures in Spain have only been made recently and are still insufficient. Therefore, the current priority in Spain is to develop control policies that have proven to be more than effective. The marketing and advertising of new tobacco products, even with reduced potential risk, seems more a serious threat than an opportunity for developing smoking control policies." ] "es" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Resumen" "resumen" => "Las políticas de control del tabaquismo recomendadas por la Organización Mundial de la Salud han logrado un discreto descenso en la prevalencia de tabaquismo en los países desarrollados, aunque la mortalidad relacionada sigue siendo muy elevada. Se ha propuesto como estrategia de reducción de riesgos el uso de productos de tabaco distintos a los cigarrillos o bien la nicotina medicinal (conocida como terapia sustitutiva de nicotina o TSN). Entre los productos del tabaco con menos riesgo individual que los cigarrillos estarían algunos tipos de tabaco sin humo (smokeless) con bajo contenido en nitrosaminas y los cigarrillos modificados; ambas formas englobadas bajo el concepto de PREP (Potentially Reduced Exposure Products). La idea sería promover estos productos entre aquellos que no pueden dejar de fumar o bien desean reducir su riesgo sin abandonar el consumo de nicotina. Se revisan los posibles efectos sobre la disminución de la prevalencia y sobre la morbimortalidad de las estrategias de reducción de riesgos, incluyendo los PREP, y se analizan las posibles implicaciones que esta medida podría tener en nuestro entorno. En España, las medidas de control del tabaquismo son recientes y todavía insuficientes. Actualmente, la prioridad en España es, por tanto, el desarrollo de políticas de control que han mostrado su eficacia de forma sobrada. La comercialización y difusión de nuevos productos de tabaco, aún de riesgo potencial reducido, parece más una seria amenaza que una oportunidad para el desarrollo de las políticas de control del tabaquismo." ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:48 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Diez datos sobre la epidemia de tabaquismo y el control mundial del tabaco" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "Organización Mundial de la Salud" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:3 [ "fecha" => "2008" "editorial" => "OMS; febrero de" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Ginebra" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2." 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