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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to compare the clinical&#44; anthropometric&#44; and polysomnographic characteristics of a broad group of patients with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome according to sex&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study&#44; conducted in 6 Spanish university hospitals&#44; included consecutive patients attended from 2003 through 2005 with an apnea-hypopnea index greater than 5&#46; Groups were formed according to sex and then stratified into age subgroups of younger &#40;&#8804; 45 years&#41; and older patients &#40;&#62;45 years&#41; for further comparison&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study included 2464 men and 424 women&#46; Women were older &#40;mean &#91;SD&#93; age&#44; 56 &#91;12&#93; years vs 51 &#91;12&#93; years&#41;&#44; weighed more &#40;body mass index&#44; 31 &#91;6&#93; kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> vs 30 &#91;5&#93; kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;&#44; and had a larger hip circumference &#40;119 &#91;15&#93; cm vs 111 &#91;12&#93; cm&#41; and smaller neck circumference &#40;38 &#91;3&#93; cm vs 42 &#91;9&#93; cm&#41; than men &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;&#46;001 in all cases&#41;&#46; The degree of daytime sleepiness &#40;Epworth scale&#41; and the apnea-hypopnea index were similar in both groups&#44; although women had a longer sleep latency &#40;23&#91;28&#93; minutes vs 27 &#91;32&#93; minutes&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;&#46;004&#41; and a higher mean oxygen saturation &#40;92&#37; &#91;4&#37;&#93; vs 91&#37; &#91;5&#37;&#93;&#41; and minimum oxygen saturation &#40;78&#37; &#91;11&#37;&#93; vs 75&#37; &#91;12&#37;&#93;&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;&#46;0001&#41; than men&#46; On stratification by age&#44; only weight differences between men and women were observed in the younger group whereas the older group also showed differences in oxygen saturation during sleep&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Women with sleep apnea-hypopnea are more overweight than men and tend to seek medical attention at an older age&#46; The clinical and polysomnographic variables were generally similar for men and women&#8212;the only differences were that sleep latency was longer and hypoxemia during sleep was more accentuated in women&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparar&#44; en una cohorte amplia de pacientes con s&#237;ndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sue&#241;o&#44; las caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas&#44; antropom&#233;tricas y polisomnogr&#225;ficas en funci&#243;n del sexo&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el estudio&#44; realizado en 6 hospitales universitarios espa&#241;oles&#44; se incluy&#243; a pacientes consecutivos con un &#237;ndice de apneas-hipopneas del sue&#241;o mayor de 5 h<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#8722;1</span>&#44; que fueron evaluados entre 2003 y 2005&#46; Se dividieron en funci&#243;n del sexo y&#44; posteriormente&#44; en funci&#243;n de la edad&#58; pacientes j&#243;venes &#40;&#8804; 45 a&#241;os&#41; y adultos &#40;&#62; 45 a&#241;os&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha estudiado a 2&#46;464 varones y 424 mujeres&#46; Las mujeres eran mayores &#40;edad media &#177; desviaci&#243;n est&#225;ndar&#58; 56 &#177; 12 frente a 51 &#177; 12 a&#241;os&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41;&#44; pesaban m&#225;s &#40;&#237;ndice de masa corporal&#58; 31 &#177; 6 frente a 30 &#177; 5 kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41; y presentaban una mayor circunferencia de cadera &#40;119 &#177; 15 frente a 111 &#177; 12 cm&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41; y una menor circunferencia de cuello &#40;38 &#177; 3 frente a 42 &#177; 9 cm&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41; que los varones&#46; El grado de somnolencia diurna &#40;escala de Epworth&#41; y el &#237;ndice de apneas-hipopneas eran similares en ambos grupos&#44; aunque el de mujeres presentaba una latencia de sue&#241;o m&#225;s larga &#40;23 &#177; 28 frente a 27 &#177; 32 min&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;004&#41; y una saturaci&#243;n de ox&#237;geno media &#40;un 92 &#177; 4 frente a un 91 &#177; 5&#37;&#41; y m&#237;nima menor &#40;un 78 &#177; 11 frente a un 75 &#177; 12&#37;&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41; que los varones&#46; Al diferenciar los grupos por edad&#44; en el grupo de j&#243;venes s&#243;lo se manten&#237;an las diferencias ponderales&#44; mientras que entre los adultos reaparec&#237;an las diferencias en los valores de saturaci&#243;n nocturna&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las mujeres con s&#237;ndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sue&#241;o son m&#225;s obesas que los varones y consultan a una edad m&#225;s avanzada&#46; Desde el punto de vista cl&#237;nico y polisomnogr&#225;fico&#44; no hay grandes diferencias en funci&#243;n del sexo&#46; &#218;nicamente la latencia de sue&#241;o es superior y la hipoxemia nocturna m&#225;s acentuada&#46;</p>"
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Original Articles
Differences in Clinical and Polysomnographic Variables Between Male and Female Patients With Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome
Núria Rourea, Olga Medianoa, Joaquín Durán-Cantollab, Francisco García Ríoc, Mónica de la Peñad, Francisco Capotee, Joaquín Teránf, Juan Fernando Masag, David Gozalh, Ferran Barbéa,
Corresponding author
fbarbe@arnau.scs.es

Correspondence: Dr F. Barbé Servei de Pneumologia, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova Rovira Roure, 8025198 Lleida, Spain
a Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Arnau de Vilanova, IRBLLEIDA, Lleida, Spain
b Servicio de Neumología, Hospital de Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Álava, Spain
c Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario La Paz, Madrid, Spain
d Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Son Dureta, Palma de Mallorca, Illes Balears, Spain
e Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
f Servicio de Neumología, Hospital General Yagüe, Burgos, Spain
g Servicio de Neumología, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain
h Division of Pediatric Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Louisville, Kentucky, United States
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The aim of this study was to compare the clinical&#44; anthropometric&#44; and polysomnographic characteristics of a broad group of patients with sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome according to sex&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study&#44; conducted in 6 Spanish university hospitals&#44; included consecutive patients attended from 2003 through 2005 with an apnea-hypopnea index greater than 5&#46; Groups were formed according to sex and then stratified into age subgroups of younger &#40;&#8804; 45 years&#41; and older patients &#40;&#62;45 years&#41; for further comparison&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The study included 2464 men and 424 women&#46; Women were older &#40;mean &#91;SD&#93; age&#44; 56 &#91;12&#93; years vs 51 &#91;12&#93; years&#41;&#44; weighed more &#40;body mass index&#44; 31 &#91;6&#93; kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> vs 30 &#91;5&#93; kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#41;&#44; and had a larger hip circumference &#40;119 &#91;15&#93; cm vs 111 &#91;12&#93; cm&#41; and smaller neck circumference &#40;38 &#91;3&#93; cm vs 42 &#91;9&#93; cm&#41; than men &#40;<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;&#46;001 in all cases&#41;&#46; The degree of daytime sleepiness &#40;Epworth scale&#41; and the apnea-hypopnea index were similar in both groups&#44; although women had a longer sleep latency &#40;23&#91;28&#93; minutes vs 27 &#91;32&#93; minutes&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;&#46;004&#41; and a higher mean oxygen saturation &#40;92&#37; &#91;4&#37;&#93; vs 91&#37; &#91;5&#37;&#93;&#41; and minimum oxygen saturation &#40;78&#37; &#91;11&#37;&#93; vs 75&#37; &#91;12&#37;&#93;&#59; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>&#60;&#46;0001&#41; than men&#46; On stratification by age&#44; only weight differences between men and women were observed in the younger group whereas the older group also showed differences in oxygen saturation during sleep&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Women with sleep apnea-hypopnea are more overweight than men and tend to seek medical attention at an older age&#46; The clinical and polysomnographic variables were generally similar for men and women&#8212;the only differences were that sleep latency was longer and hypoxemia during sleep was more accentuated in women&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Comparar&#44; en una cohorte amplia de pacientes con s&#237;ndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sue&#241;o&#44; las caracter&#237;sticas cl&#237;nicas&#44; antropom&#233;tricas y polisomnogr&#225;ficas en funci&#243;n del sexo&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el estudio&#44; realizado en 6 hospitales universitarios espa&#241;oles&#44; se incluy&#243; a pacientes consecutivos con un &#237;ndice de apneas-hipopneas del sue&#241;o mayor de 5 h<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#8722;1</span>&#44; que fueron evaluados entre 2003 y 2005&#46; Se dividieron en funci&#243;n del sexo y&#44; posteriormente&#44; en funci&#243;n de la edad&#58; pacientes j&#243;venes &#40;&#8804; 45 a&#241;os&#41; y adultos &#40;&#62; 45 a&#241;os&#41;&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha estudiado a 2&#46;464 varones y 424 mujeres&#46; Las mujeres eran mayores &#40;edad media &#177; desviaci&#243;n est&#225;ndar&#58; 56 &#177; 12 frente a 51 &#177; 12 a&#241;os&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41;&#44; pesaban m&#225;s &#40;&#237;ndice de masa corporal&#58; 31 &#177; 6 frente a 30 &#177; 5 kg&#47;m<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41; y presentaban una mayor circunferencia de cadera &#40;119 &#177; 15 frente a 111 &#177; 12 cm&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41; y una menor circunferencia de cuello &#40;38 &#177; 3 frente a 42 &#177; 9 cm&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41; que los varones&#46; El grado de somnolencia diurna &#40;escala de Epworth&#41; y el &#237;ndice de apneas-hipopneas eran similares en ambos grupos&#44; aunque el de mujeres presentaba una latencia de sue&#241;o m&#225;s larga &#40;23 &#177; 28 frente a 27 &#177; 32 min&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;004&#41; y una saturaci&#243;n de ox&#237;geno media &#40;un 92 &#177; 4 frente a un 91 &#177; 5&#37;&#41; y m&#237;nima menor &#40;un 78 &#177; 11 frente a un 75 &#177; 12&#37;&#59; p &#60; 0&#44;0001&#41; que los varones&#46; Al diferenciar los grupos por edad&#44; en el grupo de j&#243;venes s&#243;lo se manten&#237;an las diferencias ponderales&#44; mientras que entre los adultos reaparec&#237;an las diferencias en los valores de saturaci&#243;n nocturna&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las mujeres con s&#237;ndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sue&#241;o son m&#225;s obesas que los varones y consultan a una edad m&#225;s avanzada&#46; Desde el punto de vista cl&#237;nico y polisomnogr&#225;fico&#44; no hay grandes diferencias en funci&#243;n del sexo&#46; &#218;nicamente la latencia de sue&#241;o es superior y la hipoxemia nocturna m&#225;s acentuada&#46;</p>"
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