Original Articles
Resources and Delays in the Diagnosis of Sleep Apnea-Hypopnea Syndrome
Juan Fernando Masa Jiméneza,
, Ferran Barbé Illab, Francisco Capote Gilc, Eusebio Chiner Vivesd, Josefa Díaz de Ataure, Joaquín Durán Cantolla,f, Salvador López Ortizg, José María Marín Trigoh, José María Montserrat Canali, Manuela Rubio Gonzálezj, Joaquín Terán Santosk, Carlos Zamarrón Sanzl, for the Working Group1
Corresponding author
fmasa@separ.es
Correspondence: Dr. J.F. Masa Jiménez. Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara. Avda. Pablo Naranjo, s/n. 10004 Cáceres. España
Correspondence: Dr. J.F. Masa Jiménez. Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara. Avda. Pablo Naranjo, s/n. 10004 Cáceres. España
a Sección de Neumología, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain
b Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Arnau de Vilanova, Lérida, Spain
c Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain
d Sección de Neumología, Hospital San Juan, Alicante, Spain
e Servicio de Neumología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain
f Sección de Neumología, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Álava, Spain
g Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain
h Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain
i Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain
j Atención Primaria, Centro de Salud San Jorge, Cáceres, Spain
k Sección de Neumología, Hospital General Yagüe, Burgos, Spain
l Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain
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"identificador" => "aff3" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Sección de Neumología, Hospital San Juan, Alicante, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff5" ] 5 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Sección de Neumología, Hospital Txagorritxu, Vitoria, Álava, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff6" ] 6 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">g</span>" "identificador" => "aff7" ] 7 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Miguel Servet, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">h</span>" "identificador" => "aff8" ] 8 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">i</span>" "identificador" => "aff9" ] 9 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Atención Primaria, Centro de Salud San Jorge, Cáceres, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">j</span>" "identificador" => "aff10" ] 10 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Sección de Neumología, Hospital General Yagüe, Burgos, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">k</span>" "identificador" => "aff11" ] 11 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico Universitario, Santiago de Compostela, La Coruña, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">l</span>" "identificador" => "aff12" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dr. J.F. Masa Jiménez. Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara. Avda. Pablo Naranjo, s/n. 10004 Cáceres. España" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2006-09-24" "fechaAceptado" => "2006-10-17" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154831" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Sleep apnea" 1 => "Respiratory Polygraphy" 2 => "Polysomnography" 3 => "Delays" 4 => "Waiting lists" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154830" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Apneas del sueño" 1 => "Poligrafía respiratoria" 2 => "Polisomnografía" 3 => "Demoras" 4 => "Lista de espera" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The demand for consultations and diagnostic studies for sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (SAHS) has increased, and this has led to considerable delays. We therefore need an updated evaluation of the diagnostic situation to serve as a management tool for specialists and health care administrations responsible for solving the problem. The objective of the present study was to carry out a descriptive analysis of the situation regarding the diagnosis of SAHS in Spanish hospitals.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We undertook a descriptive cross-sectional observational study. Public and private hospitals listed in the Ministry of Health's 2005 catalog of health care institutions were contacted, and those that routinely evaluate patients for SAHS were included in the study. The person in charge of each hospital filled in a questionnaire concerning the availability of resources and waiting periods for diagnosis.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Of the 741 hospitals we contacted, 217 routinely evaluated patients for SAHS. In 88% of these, respiratory polygraphy (RP) (n=168) or polysomnography (PSG) (n=97) was available. The mean waiting period was 61 days for consultation and 224 days for RP. The mean number of RP devices was 0.99 per 100 000 inhabitants, while the recommended number is 3 per 100 000 inhabitants. The mean waiting period for PSG was 166 days. The mean number of PSG beds was 0.49 per 100 000 inhabitants, while the recommended number is 1 per 100 000.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We observed a marked inadequacy of resources that has led to unacceptable waiting periods. While there has been a favorable change in the situation regarding SAHS diagnosis compared to previous studies, there is still room for improvement and it is urgent that health care authorities allocate more resources to this public health problem.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La demanda de consultas y estudios diagnósticos del síndrome de apneas-hipopneas durante el sueño (SAHS) se ha incrementado, lo que ha llevado a importantes demoras. Por tanto, es precisa una evaluación actualizada de la situación del diagnóstico que sirva como herramienta de gestión a especialistas y las administraciones sanitarias que tienen la responsabilidad de solventar el problema. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido realizar un análisis descriptivo de la situación del diagnóstico del SAHS en los hospitales españoles.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha realizado un estudio descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Se estableció contacto con los centros públicos y privados incluidos en el catálogo de instituciones sanitarias del Ministerio de Sanidad de 2005. Se incluyeron aquellos que evaluaban habitualmente a pacientes con SAHS. El responsable de cada centro rellenó un cuestionario sobre disponibilidad de recursos y demoras para el diagnóstico.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">De los 741 centros con los que se estableció contacto, 217 evaluaban habitualmente a pacientes con SAHS. El 88% disponía de poligrafía respiratoria (PR) (n = 168) o polisomnografía (PSG) (n = 97). La demora media en consulta fue de 61 días, y la demora media para realizar PR, de 224 días. La media de equipos de PR fue de 0,99/100.000 habitantes, cuando lo recomendable es 3/100.000. La demora media para PSG fue de 166 días. La media de camas de PSG fue de 0,49/100.000 habitantes y lo recomendable es 1/100.000.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se observa una notable deficiencia de recursos que lleva a inaceptables listas de espera. Aunque la situación del diagnóstico de SAHS ha cambiado favorable-mente con respecto a estudios previos, sigue siendo mejorable y es imprescindible que las autoridades sanitarias dediquen más recursos a este problema de salud pública.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "etiqueta" => "1" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">The members of the Working Group are listed at the end of the article.</p>" "identificador" => "fn1" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:34 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Concepto, definición y epidemiología" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J Durán" 1 => "N González Mangado" 2 => "JM Marín" 3 => "M Solans" 4 => "C Zamarrón" 5 => "JM Montserrat" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "38" "numero" => "Supl 3" "paginaInicial" => "3" "paginaFinal" => "9" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Clínica del síndrome de apnea-hipopnea obstuctiva del sueño (SAOS)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A Jiménez" 1 => "R Golpe" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Apneas e hipopneas durante el sueño: visión actual" "serieFecha" => "2001" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib3" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The occurrence of sleep disorders breathing among middle aged adults" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "T Young" 1 => "M Palta" 2 => "J Dempsey" 3 => "J Skatud" 4 => "S Weber" 5 => "S Badr" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1056/NEJM199304293281704" "Revista" => array:7 [ "tituloSerie" => "N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "328" "paginaInicial" => "1230" "paginaFinal" => "1235" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8464434" "web" => "Medline" ] ] "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0039625708001847" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00396257" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib4" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Obstructive sleep apneahypopnea and related clinical features in a population-based sample of subjects aged 30 to 70 years" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J Durán" 1 => "S Esnaola" 2 => "R Ramón" 3 => "A Iztueta" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.163.3.2005065" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "163" "paginaInicial" => "685" "paginaFinal" => "689" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11254524" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib5" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prospective study of the association between sleep-disordered breathing and hypertension" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "PE Peppard" 1 => "T Young" 2 => "M Palta" 3 => "J Skatrud" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1056/NEJM200005113421901" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "342" "paginaInicial" => "1378" "paginaFinal" => "1384" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10805822" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib6" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Association of sleep-disordered breathing, sleep apnea, and hypertension in a large community-based study. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 4 | 1 | 5 |
| 2024 October | 50 | 23 | 73 |
| 2024 September | 32 | 14 | 46 |
| 2024 August | 66 | 37 | 103 |
| 2024 July | 34 | 18 | 52 |
| 2024 June | 49 | 35 | 84 |
| 2024 May | 62 | 30 | 92 |
| 2024 April | 42 | 26 | 68 |
| 2024 March | 40 | 16 | 56 |
| 2024 February | 34 | 27 | 61 |
| 2023 March | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2023 February | 22 | 18 | 40 |
| 2023 January | 22 | 28 | 50 |
| 2022 December | 25 | 26 | 51 |
| 2022 November | 25 | 24 | 49 |
| 2022 October | 29 | 28 | 57 |
| 2022 September | 23 | 24 | 47 |
| 2022 August | 24 | 40 | 64 |
| 2022 July | 25 | 42 | 67 |
| 2022 June | 29 | 41 | 70 |
| 2022 May | 21 | 30 | 51 |
| 2022 April | 31 | 27 | 58 |
| 2022 March | 22 | 39 | 61 |
| 2022 February | 25 | 41 | 66 |
| 2022 January | 22 | 28 | 50 |
| 2021 December | 18 | 42 | 60 |
| 2021 November | 15 | 47 | 62 |
| 2021 October | 15 | 35 | 50 |
| 2021 September | 13 | 56 | 69 |
| 2021 August | 9 | 29 | 38 |
| 2021 July | 10 | 20 | 30 |
| 2021 June | 9 | 28 | 37 |
| 2021 May | 23 | 27 | 50 |
| 2021 April | 19 | 43 | 62 |
| 2021 March | 15 | 34 | 49 |
| 2021 February | 9 | 14 | 23 |
| 2021 January | 8 | 15 | 23 |
| 2020 December | 9 | 12 | 21 |
| 2020 November | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2020 October | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2020 September | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| 2020 August | 8 | 8 | 16 |
| 2020 July | 8 | 14 | 22 |
| 2020 June | 11 | 9 | 20 |
| 2020 May | 12 | 13 | 25 |
| 2020 April | 14 | 12 | 26 |
| 2020 March | 12 | 12 | 24 |
| 2020 February | 13 | 14 | 27 |
| 2020 January | 12 | 17 | 29 |
| 2019 December | 16 | 19 | 35 |
| 2019 November | 9 | 12 | 21 |
| 2019 October | 4 | 11 | 15 |
| 2019 September | 9 | 21 | 30 |
| 2019 August | 5 | 13 | 18 |
| 2019 July | 8 | 15 | 23 |
| 2019 June | 6 | 19 | 25 |
| 2019 May | 15 | 13 | 28 |
| 2019 April | 47 | 39 | 86 |
| 2019 March | 15 | 19 | 34 |
| 2019 February | 10 | 8 | 18 |
| 2019 January | 8 | 10 | 18 |
| 2018 December | 3 | 12 | 15 |
| 2018 November | 14 | 14 | 28 |
| 2018 October | 33 | 10 | 43 |
| 2018 September | 10 | 12 | 22 |
| 2018 May | 12 | 0 | 12 |
| 2018 April | 16 | 6 | 22 |
| 2018 March | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| 2018 February | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2018 January | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2017 December | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2017 November | 2 | 4 | 6 |
| 2017 October | 9 | 8 | 17 |
| 2017 September | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2017 August | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2017 July | 5 | 1 | 6 |
| 2017 June | 18 | 9 | 27 |
| 2017 May | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2017 April | 7 | 1 | 8 |
| 2017 March | 25 | 4 | 29 |
| 2017 February | 3 | 1 | 4 |
| 2017 January | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 2016 December | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2016 November | 17 | 7 | 24 |
| 2016 October | 17 | 10 | 27 |
| 2016 September | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2016 August | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2016 July | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2016 February | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2016 January | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 December | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 October | 38 | 8 | 46 |
| 2015 September | 40 | 5 | 45 |
| 2015 August | 50 | 7 | 57 |
| 2015 July | 47 | 6 | 53 |
| 2015 June | 40 | 5 | 45 |
| 2015 May | 61 | 7 | 68 |
| 2015 April | 49 | 6 | 55 |
| 2015 March | 35 | 5 | 40 |
| 2015 February | 33 | 4 | 37 |
| 2015 January | 51 | 3 | 54 |
| 2014 December | 35 | 6 | 41 |
| 2014 November | 39 | 7 | 46 |
| 2014 October | 71 | 10 | 81 |
| 2014 September | 46 | 11 | 57 |
| 2014 August | 41 | 14 | 55 |
| 2014 July | 50 | 12 | 62 |
| 2014 June | 55 | 6 | 61 |
| 2014 May | 73 | 10 | 83 |
| 2014 April | 43 | 2 | 45 |
| 2014 March | 53 | 11 | 64 |
| 2014 February | 44 | 8 | 52 |
| 2014 January | 25 | 7 | 32 |
| 2013 December | 37 | 9 | 46 |
| 2013 November | 39 | 2 | 41 |
| 2013 October | 36 | 6 | 42 |
| 2013 September | 38 | 7 | 45 |
| 2013 August | 39 | 4 | 43 |
| 2013 July | 50 | 10 | 60 |
| 2013 June | 36 | 7 | 43 |
| 2013 May | 36 | 6 | 42 |
| 2013 April | 18 | 2 | 20 |
| 2013 March | 6 | 2 | 8 |
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