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        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The prevalences of both obesity and asthma have clearly increased in recent decades&#44; giving rise to speculation that they may be related&#46; Studies have found that obesity precedes and predicts the onset of asthma &#40;time effect&#41;&#44; that increased obesity leads to more severe asthma &#40;dose&#8212;response effect&#41;&#44; that weight reduction &#40;by diet or gastric bypass&#41; improves asthmatic symptoms&#44; and that obesity co-occurs with intermediate asthma phenotypes &#40;obese young girls undergoing early menarche&#41;&#46; In the light of that evidence&#44; we can finally suggest a causal relationship between obesity and asthma&#46; Various biological mechanisms &#40;immunologic and inflammatory&#44; hormonal&#44; genetic&#44; nutritional&#44; mechanical&#44; and others related to physical activity&#41; have been put forth to explain the relationship&#46; However&#44; this relation is complex&#44; involving not only the interaction of genetic and environmental factors in triggering both diseases but also the likely participation of several mechanisms at once&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Las prevalencias de obesidad y asma se han incrementado ostensiblemente en las &#250;ltimas d&#233;cadas&#44; lo que ha llevado a postular que ambas entidades pudiesen estar relacionadas&#46; Si consideramos la existencia de estudios que demuestran que la obesidad precede y predice el desarrollo del asma &#40;efecto de temporalidad&#41;&#44; que a mayor grado de obesidad aumenta la gravedad del asma &#40;efecto de dosis-respuesta&#41;&#44; que la p&#233;rdida de peso &#40;por dieta o derivaci&#243;n g&#225;strica&#41; mejora los s&#237;ntomas del asma y que la obesidad coexiste con fenotipos intermedios de asma &#40;p&#250;beres obesas con menarquia precoz&#41;&#44; podemos finalmente plantear que la relaci&#243;n entre obesidad y asma ser&#237;a de tipo causal&#46; Se postulan varios mecanismos biol&#243;gicos &#40;inmunoinflamatorios&#44; hormonales&#44; gen&#233;ticos&#44; diet&#233;ticos&#44; mec&#225;nicos y actividad f&#237;sica&#41; para explicar esta relaci&#243;n&#46; Sin embargo&#44; esta relaci&#243;n es compleja y adem&#225;s de ser un ejemplo de c&#243;mo interact&#250;an los genes y el ambiente en el origen de ambas enfermedades&#44; lo m&#225;s probable es que exista m&#225;s de un mecanismo implicado&#46;</p>"
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