Original Articles
Deteriorated Health-Related Quality of Life in Healthy Male Smokers
Aurelio Cayuelaa,
, Susana Rodríguez-Domínguezb, Remedies Oteroc
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aurelio.cayuela.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es
Correspondence: Dr. A. Cayuela. Centre de Documentatión Cíamica. Hospitales Universitaiios Virgen del Rocío. Avda. Manuel Siurot, s/n. 41013 Sevilla. Espana
Correspondence: Dr. A. Cayuela. Centre de Documentatión Cíamica. Hospitales Universitaiios Virgen del Rocío. Avda. Manuel Siurot, s/n. 41013 Sevilla. Espana
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"Rodríguez-Domínguez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Remedies" "apellidos" => "Otero" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Apoyo a la Investigación, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Fundacióan Progreso y Salud, Sevilla, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad Médico-Quirúrgica de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, Sevilla, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dr. A. Cayuela. Centre de Documentatión Cíamica. Hospitales Universitaiios Virgen del Rocío. Avda. Manuel Siurot, s/n. 41013 Sevilla. Espana" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2005-11-03" "fechaAceptado" => "2006-02-28" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154739" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Health-related quality of life" 1 => "Tobacco" 2 => "Males" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154738" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud" 1 => "Tabaco" 2 => "Varones" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To analyze the association between smoking and health-related quality of life (HRQL) in male smokers compared to male nonsmokers, both with no history of chronic disease, at 3 health centers in Seville, Spain.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We conducted a retrospective cohort study of smokers and nonsmokers who were matched on the basis of potentially confounding variables (age, marital status, occupation, education, and health center). Data were compiled in interviews conducted by a qualified and previously trained interviewer. HRQL was assessed using the 36-item short form general health questionnaire (SF-36).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Except for the physical functioning dimension, which refers to physical activities of daily living (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>=.111), smokers had significantly worse (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><.05) HRQL scores measured with the SF-36 questionnaire. On average, smokers scored 10 points less than nonsmokers in the 8 HRQL dimensions. The greatest difference was observed in the dimensions reflecting mental health, particularly in limitations experienced as a consequence of emotional problems (emotional role score 14 points less for smokers; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span>=.001).</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">When compared to Spanish norms, the scores of smokers were on average 12 points lower in the 8 HRQL dimensions. The greatest differences were observed in physical role (31 points) and bodily pain (17 points).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Even smokers who have not developed acute or chronic comorbidity associated with cigarette smoking have a poorer HRQL than nonsmokers.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Analizar la asociacion entre el consume de ta baco y la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud (CVRS en varones fumadores y no fumadores sin historia de enfer medad cronica en 3 centres de salud de Sevilla.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y Métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Realizamos un estudio de cohorte retrospectivas (fumadores y no fumadores) pareadas en va riables que pueden actuar como variables de confusión (edad, estado civil, ocupación, nivel de estudios y centre d salud de referencia). Los datos fueron recogidos mediant entrevista por un encuestador cualificado y previamente en trenado. La CVRS se valoró mediante el cuestionario de sa lud SF-36</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Excepto para la dimensión función física, es decir, para el desarrollo de actividades físicas de la vida diaria (p = 0,111), los fumadores presentaron peores puntuaciones (estadísticamente significativas; p < 0,05) en las diferentes dimensiones de la CVRS medidas con el cuestionario SF-36. Los fumadores presentaron en promedio 10 puntos menos en las 8 dimensiones de la CVRS que los no fumadores. La mayor diferencia se observó en dimensiones relacionadas con la salud mental, especialmente con limitaciones debidas a problemas emocionales (diferencia en rol emocional de −14 puntos; p = 0,001).</p><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En comparación con los valores de referencia nacionales, los fumadores presentaron en promedio 12 puntos menos en las 8 dimensiones de la CVRS. Las mayores diferencias se observaron en rol físico (31 puntos) y dolor corporal (17 puntos).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Los fumadores, aun sin presentar comorbilidad aguda o crónica asociada al consumo de tabaco, presentan una peor CVRS que los no fumadores.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">This study was partly funded by the Andalusian public health service (Consejería de Salud de la Junta de Andalucía) under Research Project No. 17/02.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:28 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The effect of smoking on years of healthy life (YHL) lost among middle-aged and older Americans" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "T Ostbye" 1 => "DH Taylor" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1111/j.1475-6773.2004.00243.x" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Health Serv Res" "fecha" => "2004" "volumen" => "39" "paginaInicial" => "531" "paginaFinal" => "552" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15149477" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Mortalidad atribuible al ta-baquismo en Espana en 1998" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "JR Banegas Banegas" 1 => "L Dfez Ganan" 2 => "F Rodriguez-Artalejo" 3 => "J Gonzalez Enriquez" 4 => "A Graciani" 5 => "F Villar" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Bare)" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "117" "paginaInicial" => "692" "paginaFinal" => "694" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib3" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Self-rated health and mortality: a review of twenty-seven community studies" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "EL Idler" 1 => "Y Benyamini" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Health Soc Behav" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "38" "paginaInicial" => "21" "paginaFinal" => "37" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9097506" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib4" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Is cigarette smoking associated with impaired physical and mental functional status? 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 2024 October | 27 | 19 | 46 |
| 2024 September | 28 | 13 | 41 |
| 2024 August | 71 | 37 | 108 |
| 2024 July | 22 | 18 | 40 |
| 2024 June | 38 | 25 | 63 |
| 2024 May | 32 | 31 | 63 |
| 2024 April | 14 | 25 | 39 |
| 2024 March | 20 | 15 | 35 |
| 2024 February | 19 | 16 | 35 |
| 2023 March | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2023 February | 15 | 25 | 40 |
| 2023 January | 15 | 22 | 37 |
| 2022 December | 17 | 29 | 46 |
| 2022 November | 15 | 15 | 30 |
| 2022 October | 22 | 35 | 57 |
| 2022 September | 12 | 28 | 40 |
| 2022 August | 18 | 49 | 67 |
| 2022 July | 20 | 39 | 59 |
| 2022 June | 14 | 25 | 39 |
| 2022 May | 19 | 36 | 55 |
| 2022 April | 16 | 24 | 40 |
| 2022 March | 15 | 36 | 51 |
| 2022 February | 22 | 35 | 57 |
| 2022 January | 13 | 34 | 47 |
| 2021 December | 16 | 46 | 62 |
| 2021 November | 17 | 54 | 71 |
| 2021 October | 15 | 51 | 66 |
| 2021 September | 13 | 53 | 66 |
| 2021 August | 9 | 34 | 43 |
| 2021 July | 6 | 25 | 31 |
| 2021 June | 10 | 35 | 45 |
| 2021 May | 9 | 19 | 28 |
| 2021 April | 14 | 47 | 61 |
| 2021 March | 17 | 15 | 32 |
| 2021 February | 9 | 13 | 22 |
| 2021 January | 5 | 9 | 14 |
| 2020 December | 9 | 11 | 20 |
| 2020 November | 8 | 9 | 17 |
| 2020 October | 4 | 9 | 13 |
| 2020 September | 9 | 1 | 10 |
| 2020 August | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2020 July | 8 | 11 | 19 |
| 2020 June | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 2020 May | 18 | 13 | 31 |
| 2020 April | 24 | 12 | 36 |
| 2020 March | 13 | 12 | 25 |
| 2020 February | 8 | 11 | 19 |
| 2020 January | 10 | 12 | 22 |
| 2019 December | 11 | 11 | 22 |
| 2019 November | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| 2019 October | 5 | 9 | 14 |
| 2019 September | 6 | 9 | 15 |
| 2019 August | 10 | 9 | 19 |
| 2019 July | 6 | 16 | 22 |
| 2019 June | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2019 May | 16 | 14 | 30 |
| 2019 April | 10 | 19 | 29 |
| 2019 March | 10 | 13 | 23 |
| 2019 February | 8 | 10 | 18 |
| 2019 January | 5 | 6 | 11 |
| 2018 December | 6 | 13 | 19 |
| 2018 November | 13 | 17 | 30 |
| 2018 October | 26 | 18 | 44 |
| 2018 September | 24 | 10 | 34 |
| 2018 May | 7 | 1 | 8 |
| 2018 April | 9 | 6 | 15 |
| 2018 March | 2 | 7 | 9 |
| 2018 February | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| 2018 January | 3 | 7 | 10 |
| 2017 December | 4 | 6 | 10 |
| 2017 November | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2017 October | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2017 September | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2017 August | 11 | 14 | 25 |
| 2017 July | 3 | 5 | 8 |
| 2017 June | 7 | 25 | 32 |
| 2017 May | 7 | 6 | 13 |
| 2017 April | 3 | 7 | 10 |
| 2017 March | 4 | 6 | 10 |
| 2017 February | 2 | 1 | 3 |
| 2017 January | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 2016 December | 8 | 5 | 13 |
| 2016 November | 15 | 8 | 23 |
| 2016 October | 11 | 4 | 15 |
| 2016 September | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2016 August | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2016 July | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 2016 March | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2016 February | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 December | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 October | 42 | 11 | 53 |
| 2015 September | 46 | 7 | 53 |
| 2015 August | 39 | 5 | 44 |
| 2015 July | 46 | 5 | 51 |
| 2015 June | 33 | 5 | 38 |
| 2015 May | 57 | 3 | 60 |
| 2015 April | 47 | 9 | 56 |
| 2015 March | 40 | 7 | 47 |
| 2015 February | 43 | 5 | 48 |
| 2015 January | 37 | 3 | 40 |
| 2014 December | 39 | 8 | 47 |
| 2014 November | 45 | 6 | 51 |
| 2014 October | 46 | 7 | 53 |
| 2014 September | 57 | 7 | 64 |
| 2014 August | 53 | 11 | 64 |
| 2014 July | 32 | 4 | 36 |
| 2014 June | 51 | 10 | 61 |
| 2014 May | 53 | 7 | 60 |
| 2014 April | 52 | 8 | 60 |
| 2014 March | 88 | 6 | 94 |
| 2014 February | 53 | 6 | 59 |
| 2014 January | 48 | 8 | 56 |
| 2013 December | 54 | 6 | 60 |
| 2013 November | 29 | 6 | 35 |
| 2013 October | 36 | 4 | 40 |
| 2013 September | 34 | 8 | 42 |
| 2013 August | 45 | 7 | 52 |
| 2013 July | 52 | 10 | 62 |
| 2013 June | 33 | 8 | 41 |
| 2013 May | 45 | 6 | 51 |
| 2013 April | 25 | 6 | 31 |
| 2013 March | 9 | 2 | 11 |
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