Original Articles
The Shuttle Run Test Is Not Valid For the Detection of Asthma in School Physical Education Programs
Eider Oñatea,
, Eduardo González Pérez-Yarzaa, Alicia Figueroa de la Pazb, Ane Aldasoroa, José Francisco Aramendib, Santiago Bardagic, José I. Emparanzad
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eonate@chdo.osakidetza.net
Correspondence: Dra. E. Oñate. Unidad de Neumologia Infantil. Hospital Donostia. P.° Dr. Begiristain, s/n. 20014 San Sebastián. Guipúzcoa. España
Correspondence: Dra. E. Oñate. Unidad de Neumologia Infantil. Hospital Donostia. P.° Dr. Begiristain, s/n. 20014 San Sebastián. Guipúzcoa. España
a Unidad de Neumología Infantil, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain
b Osasunkirol-Salud y Deporte, Hondarribia, Guipúzcoa, Spain
c Sección de Neumología, Hospital de Mataró, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain
d Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica e Investigación Hospital Donostia San Sebastián Guipúzcoa Spain
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Emparanza" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:5 [ "preGrado" => "Dra." "nombre" => "Eider" "apellidos" => "Oñate" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "eonate@chdo.osakidetza.net" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Eduardo González" "apellidos" => "Pérez-Yarza" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Alicia Figueroa" "apellidos" => "de la Paz" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Ane" "apellidos" => "Aldasoro" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "José Francisco" "apellidos" => "Aramendi" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "Santiago" "apellidos" => "Bardagi" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "José I." "apellidos" => "Emparanza" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Neumología Infantil, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián, Guipúzcoa, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Osasunkirol-Salud y Deporte, Hondarribia, Guipúzcoa, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Sección de Neumología, Hospital de Mataró, Mataró, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Epidemiología Clínica e Investigación Hospital Donostia San Sebastián Guipúzcoa Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dra. E. Oñate. Unidad de Neumologia Infantil. Hospital Donostia. P.° Dr. Begiristain, s/n. 20014 San Sebastián. Guipúzcoa. España" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2005-09-01" "fechaAceptado" => "2006-02-28" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154205" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Shuttle run test" 1 => "Epidemiology" 2 => "Asthma bronchial hyperresponsiveness" 3 => "Children" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154206" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Course-navette" 1 => "Epidemiología" 2 => "Asma" 3 => "Hiperrespuesta bronquial" 4 => "Niños" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Certain sporting activities may trigger asthma exacerbations of varying intensity in children. Such exacerbations may lead to limitations in and rejection of such activities. During school hours, teachers are in a good position to observe these phenomena. the aim of the present study was to evaluate the shuttle run, a test of physical fitness used in school physical education programs, as a way of detecting asthma.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We carried out a cross-sectional observational study of school children between the ages of 6 and 12 years using the asthma symptom questionnaire of the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC), a shuttle run test, and a free running test at maximum effort in order to study bronchial hyperresponsiveness. the principal measure of bronchial hyperresponsiveness. used in both physical fitness tests was peak expiratory flow rate as measured with a peak flow meter. In comparing the results of the shuttle run test with those of the free running test and the ISAAC questionnaire we used the χ<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> test to measure association and the Cohen <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">k</span> coefficient to measure agreement.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We distributed the ISAAC questionnaire (n=919) to 460 (50.1%) boys and 459 (49.9%) girls between the ages of 6 and 12 years. All the tests were completed by 826 children. the level of agreement between the shuttle run test and free running test was positive but low for decreases in peak expiratory flow rate compared to baseline of 15% (χ<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>=5.6; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span><.05; κ=0.093; SE, 0.042) and of 20% (χ<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>=4.5; P<.05; κ=0.08; SE, 0.046). For 10% decreases association was not significant and agreement was low (κ=0.05; SE, 0.04). There was no agreement between the ISAAC questionnaire and the shuttle run test (κ=0.095; SE, 0.63).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The shuttle run test using peak expiratory flow rate as the principal measure of bronchial hyuperresponsiveness is not valid for the detection of asthma in scholchildren.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Determinadas actividades deportivas pueden desencadenar en el niño agudizsaciones de asma de intensidad variable, limitaciones y rechazo de las actividades deportivas. Durante el horario escolar los profesores son observadores privilegiados de estos fenómenos. El objectivo del presente estudio ha sido evaluar la prueba <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">course-navette</span> (“carrera de ida y vuelta”, PCN), prueba de rendimiento fisico de los programas de educación fisica escolar, como medida para detectar asma.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes y métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha realizado un estudio observacional y transversal en escolares de 6 a 12 años de edad, mediante cuestionario de síntomas relacionados con el asma (ISAAC) y pruebas de rendimiento fisico (PCN) y de carrera libre con esfuerzo máximo para estudiar la hiperrespuesta bronquial, utlizando en ambas como medida principal el flujo espiratorio máximo (FEM) determinado con medidor del ápice de flujo espiratorio. En la comparación de los resultados de la PCN con los del test de carrera libre y el cuestionario ISAAC se midió el grado de ascoiación (con la prueba de la χ<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>) y de acuerdo (estadístico kappa de Cohen).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se distribuyó el cuestionario ISAAC (n = 919) a 460 niños (50,1%) y 459 niñas (49,9% de 6 a 12 años de edad (mediana ± desviación estándar: 8 ± 8,87 años). Completaron todas las pruebas 826. Se observó una asociacion con bajo acuerdo entre la PCN positiva y el test de carrera libre positivo para descensos del FEM, en relación con el basal, del 15% (χ<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>=5,6; p < 0,05; kappa = 0,093; error estandar [EE] = 0,042) y del 20% (χ<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> = 4,5; p < 0,05; kappa = 0,08; EE = 0,046). Para descensos del FEM del 10% la asociacion no fue significativa y el acuerdo resultó debil (kappa = 0,05; EE = 0,04). No hubo acuerdo entre ISAAC y la PCN (kappa = 0,095; EE = 0,63).</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La PCN con el FEM como medida principal del efecto no es válida para detectar asma en escolares.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Project partially funded by a research grant of the Asthma Group of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR), 2000.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:25 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Validity and repeatability of the IUALTD (1984) Bronchial Symptoms Questionnaire: an international comparison" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "PGJ Burney" 1 => "LA Laitinen" 2 => "S Perdrizet" 3 => "K Huckauf" 4 => "AE Tattersfield" 5 => "S Chinn" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J." 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| 2024 October | 37 | 18 | 55 |
| 2024 September | 31 | 8 | 39 |
| 2024 August | 60 | 49 | 109 |
| 2024 July | 26 | 20 | 46 |
| 2024 June | 43 | 23 | 66 |
| 2024 May | 41 | 40 | 81 |
| 2024 April | 28 | 29 | 57 |
| 2024 March | 26 | 13 | 39 |
| 2024 February | 23 | 15 | 38 |
| 2023 March | 3 | 5 | 8 |
| 2023 February | 27 | 14 | 41 |
| 2023 January | 20 | 29 | 49 |
| 2022 December | 21 | 29 | 50 |
| 2022 November | 23 | 22 | 45 |
| 2022 October | 23 | 24 | 47 |
| 2022 September | 17 | 28 | 45 |
| 2022 August | 17 | 34 | 51 |
| 2022 July | 25 | 39 | 64 |
| 2022 June | 23 | 39 | 62 |
| 2022 May | 20 | 32 | 52 |
| 2022 April | 21 | 29 | 50 |
| 2022 March | 22 | 37 | 59 |
| 2022 February | 17 | 29 | 46 |
| 2022 January | 20 | 27 | 47 |
| 2021 December | 22 | 50 | 72 |
| 2021 November | 17 | 48 | 65 |
| 2021 October | 30 | 56 | 86 |
| 2021 September | 23 | 69 | 92 |
| 2021 August | 14 | 24 | 38 |
| 2021 July | 16 | 47 | 63 |
| 2021 June | 21 | 28 | 49 |
| 2021 May | 20 | 23 | 43 |
| 2021 April | 73 | 94 | 167 |
| 2021 March | 43 | 16 | 59 |
| 2021 February | 15 | 15 | 30 |
| 2021 January | 14 | 18 | 32 |
| 2020 December | 13 | 14 | 27 |
| 2020 November | 16 | 11 | 27 |
| 2020 October | 13 | 12 | 25 |
| 2020 September | 9 | 5 | 14 |
| 2020 August | 11 | 5 | 16 |
| 2020 July | 12 | 15 | 27 |
| 2020 June | 8 | 1 | 9 |
| 2020 May | 15 | 12 | 27 |
| 2020 April | 20 | 16 | 36 |
| 2020 March | 44 | 16 | 60 |
| 2020 February | 69 | 13 | 82 |
| 2020 January | 35 | 19 | 54 |
| 2019 December | 12 | 10 | 22 |
| 2019 November | 19 | 7 | 26 |
| 2019 October | 6 | 13 | 19 |
| 2019 September | 8 | 12 | 20 |
| 2019 August | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 2019 July | 31 | 16 | 47 |
| 2019 June | 11 | 13 | 24 |
| 2019 May | 12 | 11 | 23 |
| 2019 April | 31 | 21 | 52 |
| 2019 March | 9 | 15 | 24 |
| 2019 February | 9 | 9 | 18 |
| 2019 January | 10 | 15 | 25 |
| 2018 December | 5 | 14 | 19 |
| 2018 November | 18 | 10 | 28 |
| 2018 October | 21 | 17 | 38 |
| 2018 September | 9 | 10 | 19 |
| 2018 May | 3 | 2 | 5 |
| 2018 April | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2018 March | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2018 February | 4 | 12 | 16 |
| 2018 January | 6 | 4 | 10 |
| 2017 December | 4 | 10 | 14 |
| 2017 November | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2017 October | 2 | 9 | 11 |
| 2017 September | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2017 August | 5 | 8 | 13 |
| 2017 July | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2017 June | 7 | 19 | 26 |
| 2017 May | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2017 April | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2017 March | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 2017 February | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2017 January | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2016 December | 17 | 6 | 23 |
| 2016 November | 13 | 8 | 21 |
| 2016 October | 12 | 11 | 23 |
| 2016 September | 3 | 3 | 6 |
| 2016 August | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2016 July | 8 | 0 | 8 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 December | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 October | 39 | 6 | 45 |
| 2015 September | 68 | 6 | 74 |
| 2015 August | 43 | 5 | 48 |
| 2015 July | 81 | 7 | 88 |
| 2015 June | 35 | 6 | 41 |
| 2015 May | 50 | 6 | 56 |
| 2015 April | 37 | 9 | 46 |
| 2015 March | 36 | 4 | 40 |
| 2015 February | 46 | 5 | 51 |
| 2015 January | 42 | 4 | 46 |
| 2014 December | 35 | 4 | 39 |
| 2014 November | 70 | 6 | 76 |
| 2014 October | 74 | 8 | 82 |
| 2014 September | 50 | 3 | 53 |
| 2014 August | 55 | 12 | 67 |
| 2014 July | 115 | 7 | 122 |
| 2014 June | 79 | 9 | 88 |
| 2014 May | 71 | 7 | 78 |
| 2014 April | 56 | 3 | 59 |
| 2014 March | 52 | 7 | 59 |
| 2014 February | 55 | 6 | 61 |
| 2014 January | 50 | 9 | 59 |
| 2013 December | 44 | 5 | 49 |
| 2013 November | 49 | 8 | 57 |
| 2013 October | 53 | 7 | 60 |
| 2013 September | 42 | 10 | 52 |
| 2013 August | 40 | 15 | 55 |
| 2013 July | 60 | 10 | 70 |
| 2013 June | 43 | 6 | 49 |
| 2013 May | 37 | 4 | 41 |
| 2013 April | 23 | 5 | 28 |
| 2013 March | 4 | 2 | 6 |
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