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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To assess the effectiveness of in vivo gene therapy to treat subcutaneous tumors generated from murine lung cancer cells&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">C57BL&#47;6 mice received subcutaneus injections of 5&#215;10<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span> cells from the murine Lewis lung cancer cell line&#46; By 10 days&#44; subcutaneous tumors of approximately 5 mm diameter were formed&#46; At that point&#44; treatment was provided by intratumor injection of a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus carrying the gene for thymidine kinase &#40;AdCMV-Tk&#41; or interleukin &#40;IL&#41; 12 &#40;AdCMV-IL12&#41;&#44; or by injection of syngeneic dendritic cells previously transduced with adenovirus containing the IL-12 gene &#40;DC-IL12&#41;&#46; Control groups were treated with saline or adenovirus containing the gene for &#946;-galactosidase &#40;AdCMV-LacZ&#41;&#44; which functions as a reporter gene and does not have a therapeutic effect&#46; The number of animals in each group ranged from 14 to 25 in experiments using adenovirus and from 10 to 12 in experiments using dendritic cells&#46; Tumor size was followed for 3 weeks in the case of treatment with adenovirus and 4 weeks for treatment with dendritic cells&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A significant reduction in subcutaneous tumor growth was observed in the groups treated with AdCMV-Tk&#44; AdCMV-IL12&#44; and DC-IL12 compared with control groups treated with saline or AdCMV-LacZ&#46; The difference was statistically significant from day 7 of treatment in the AdCMV-Tk group&#44; from day 9 in the AdCMV-IL12 group&#44; and from day 10 in the DC-IL12 group&#44; and in all cases it was maintained until the end of the follow-up period&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Gene therapy with AdCMV-Tk&#44; AdCMV-IL12&#44; or DC-IL12 is effective in our model of subcutaneous tumors arising from cells of the Lewis lung cancer cell line&#46; The treatment leads to a significant reduction in tumor growth compared with control groups&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Demostrar la utilidad del tratamiento g&#233;nico &#40;TG&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in vivo</span> en los tumores subcut&#225;neos de c&#225;ncer de pulmon murino&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se inyectaron a ratones C57BL&#47;6 por v&#237;a subcut&#225;nea 5 &#215; 10<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span> c&#233;lulas de la l&#237;nea de c&#225;ncer de pulm&#243;n murino de Lewis&#46; A los 10 d&#237;as se formaron tumores subcut&#225;neos de unos 5 mm de di&#225;metro&#46; En ese momento se trataron mediante inyecci&#243;n intratumoral con un adenovirus recombinante defectivo portador del gen de la timidincinasa &#40;AdCMV-Tk&#41;&#44; o del gen de la interleucina 12 &#40;AdCMV-IL12&#41;&#44; o con c&#233;lulas dendr&#237;ticas &#40;CD&#41; sing&#233;nicas transducidas con el gen de la interleucina 12 &#40;CD-IL12&#41;&#46; Como grupos control se incluyeron tumores tratados con suero salino o con un adenovirus con el gen de la &#946;-galactosidasa &#40;AdCMV-LacZ&#41;&#44; que es un gen indicador sin efecto terap&#233;utico&#46; El n&#250;mero de animales por grupo oscil&#243; entre 14 y 25 con adenovirus y entre 10 y 12 con CD&#46; A continuaci&#243;n se realiz&#243; un seguimiento del tama&#241;o tumoral desde el primer d&#237;a de tratamiento hasta la tercera &#40;adenovirus&#41; o cuarta &#40;CD&#41; semanas para comparar su evoluci&#243;n&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se objetiv&#243; una disminuci&#243;n significativa del crecimiento de los tumores subcut&#225;neos en los grupos tratados con AdCMV-Tk&#44; AdCMV-IL12 y CD-IL12 comparados con los grupos control tratados con suelo salino y AdCMV-LacZ&#46; En el grupo AdCMV-Tk esta diferencia fue estad&#237;sticamente significativa desde el d&#237;a 7&#44; en AdCMV-IL12 desde el d&#237;a 9 y en CD-IL12 desde el d&#237;a 10 y se mantuvo hasta el final del seguimiento&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El TG con AdCMV-Tk&#44; AdCMV-IL12 o CD-IL12 es efectivo en nuestro modelo de tumores subcut&#225;neos de c&#233;lulas de carcinoma pulmonar de Lewis&#44; ya que es capaz de disminuir su tasa de crecimiento de forma significativa respecto a los grupos de control&#46;</p>"
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Original Articles
Use of Gene Therapy in a Subcutaneous Murine Model of Lung Cancer
Manuel Rodrigo Garzóna,
Corresponding author
manrrogar@yahoo.es

Correspondence: Dr. M. Rodrigo Garzón. P.° de la Estación, 42, 9.° B. 23008 Jaén. España
, Íñigo Tirapu Fernández de la Cuestab, Ainhoa Arina Iraetab, Miguel Noel Centelles Llorenteb, Javier Zulueta Francésa
a Servicio de Neumología, Clínica Universitaria de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
b Departamento de Medicina Interna, Clínica Universitaria de Navarra, Centro de Investigación Médica Aplicada (CIMA), Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Navarra, Spain
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To assess the effectiveness of in vivo gene therapy to treat subcutaneous tumors generated from murine lung cancer cells&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and Methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">C57BL&#47;6 mice received subcutaneus injections of 5&#215;10<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span> cells from the murine Lewis lung cancer cell line&#46; By 10 days&#44; subcutaneous tumors of approximately 5 mm diameter were formed&#46; At that point&#44; treatment was provided by intratumor injection of a replication-defective recombinant adenovirus carrying the gene for thymidine kinase &#40;AdCMV-Tk&#41; or interleukin &#40;IL&#41; 12 &#40;AdCMV-IL12&#41;&#44; or by injection of syngeneic dendritic cells previously transduced with adenovirus containing the IL-12 gene &#40;DC-IL12&#41;&#46; Control groups were treated with saline or adenovirus containing the gene for &#946;-galactosidase &#40;AdCMV-LacZ&#41;&#44; which functions as a reporter gene and does not have a therapeutic effect&#46; The number of animals in each group ranged from 14 to 25 in experiments using adenovirus and from 10 to 12 in experiments using dendritic cells&#46; Tumor size was followed for 3 weeks in the case of treatment with adenovirus and 4 weeks for treatment with dendritic cells&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A significant reduction in subcutaneous tumor growth was observed in the groups treated with AdCMV-Tk&#44; AdCMV-IL12&#44; and DC-IL12 compared with control groups treated with saline or AdCMV-LacZ&#46; The difference was statistically significant from day 7 of treatment in the AdCMV-Tk group&#44; from day 9 in the AdCMV-IL12 group&#44; and from day 10 in the DC-IL12 group&#44; and in all cases it was maintained until the end of the follow-up period&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Gene therapy with AdCMV-Tk&#44; AdCMV-IL12&#44; or DC-IL12 is effective in our model of subcutaneous tumors arising from cells of the Lewis lung cancer cell line&#46; The treatment leads to a significant reduction in tumor growth compared with control groups&#46;</p>"
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        "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Demostrar la utilidad del tratamiento g&#233;nico &#40;TG&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">in vivo</span> en los tumores subcut&#225;neos de c&#225;ncer de pulmon murino&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y m&#233;todos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se inyectaron a ratones C57BL&#47;6 por v&#237;a subcut&#225;nea 5 &#215; 10<span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span> c&#233;lulas de la l&#237;nea de c&#225;ncer de pulm&#243;n murino de Lewis&#46; A los 10 d&#237;as se formaron tumores subcut&#225;neos de unos 5 mm de di&#225;metro&#46; En ese momento se trataron mediante inyecci&#243;n intratumoral con un adenovirus recombinante defectivo portador del gen de la timidincinasa &#40;AdCMV-Tk&#41;&#44; o del gen de la interleucina 12 &#40;AdCMV-IL12&#41;&#44; o con c&#233;lulas dendr&#237;ticas &#40;CD&#41; sing&#233;nicas transducidas con el gen de la interleucina 12 &#40;CD-IL12&#41;&#46; Como grupos control se incluyeron tumores tratados con suero salino o con un adenovirus con el gen de la &#946;-galactosidasa &#40;AdCMV-LacZ&#41;&#44; que es un gen indicador sin efecto terap&#233;utico&#46; El n&#250;mero de animales por grupo oscil&#243; entre 14 y 25 con adenovirus y entre 10 y 12 con CD&#46; A continuaci&#243;n se realiz&#243; un seguimiento del tama&#241;o tumoral desde el primer d&#237;a de tratamiento hasta la tercera &#40;adenovirus&#41; o cuarta &#40;CD&#41; semanas para comparar su evoluci&#243;n&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se objetiv&#243; una disminuci&#243;n significativa del crecimiento de los tumores subcut&#225;neos en los grupos tratados con AdCMV-Tk&#44; AdCMV-IL12 y CD-IL12 comparados con los grupos control tratados con suelo salino y AdCMV-LacZ&#46; En el grupo AdCMV-Tk esta diferencia fue estad&#237;sticamente significativa desde el d&#237;a 7&#44; en AdCMV-IL12 desde el d&#237;a 9 y en CD-IL12 desde el d&#237;a 10 y se mantuvo hasta el final del seguimiento&#46;</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El TG con AdCMV-Tk&#44; AdCMV-IL12 o CD-IL12 es efectivo en nuestro modelo de tumores subcut&#225;neos de c&#233;lulas de carcinoma pulmonar de Lewis&#44; ya que es capaz de disminuir su tasa de crecimiento de forma significativa respecto a los grupos de control&#46;</p>"
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