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Descriptors of Breathlessness in Mexican Spanish
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López-Bastida" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "preGrado" => "Dr." "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "López-Bastida" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212906604473?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/15792129/0000004200000005/v1_201305150243/S1579212906604473/v1_201305150243/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:14 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Articles</span>" "titulo" => "Descriptors of Breathlessness in Mexican Spanish" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "211" "paginaFinal" => "217" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "J.C. Vázquez-García, C.A. Balcázar-Cruz, G. Cervantes-Méndez, R. Mejía-Alfaro, J. Cossío-Alcántara, A. Ramírez-Venegas" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:5 [ "preGrado" => "Dr." "nombre" => "J.C." "apellidos" => "Vázquez-García" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "jcvaz@prodigy.net.mx" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C.A." "apellidos" => "Balcázar-Cruz" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Cervantes-Méndez" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Mejía-Alfaro" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Cossío-Alcántara" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Ramírez-Venegas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Fisiología Respiratoria, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México DF, Mexico" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Hospitalización, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, México DF, Mexico" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Clínica de EPOC, Instituto Nacional de Enfermedades Respiratorias, México DF, Mexico" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dr. J.C. Vázquez-García. Calzada de Tlalpan, 4.502. 14080 México DF. México" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2005-04-28" "fechaAceptado" => "2005-09-27" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154325" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Dyspnea" 1 => "Descriptors of breathlessness" 2 => "Cluster analysis" 3 => "Asthma" 4 => "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec154324" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Disnea" 1 => "Decriptores de disnea" 2 => "Análisis de conglomerados" 3 => "Asma" 4 => "Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Breathlessness is the most common symptom of cardiovascular or pulmonary disease. The term encompasses a wide range of descriptors used by patients, however. Identifying those descriptors can be useful for analyzing symptoms and understanding how they arise. The aim of this study was to characterize the descriptors of breathlessness used in Mexican Spanish and to consider their association with various states of respiratory distress and cardiovascular or pulmonary disease.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A questionnaire was based on 21 descriptors of breathlessness, some of which had no equivalents in English. The subjects included 15 healthy individuals during a cardiopulmonary stress test, 13 healthy subjects after a carbon dioxide rebreathing procedure, and 10 healthy women during pregnancy. We also included 16 patients with confirmed heart disease in stable condition, 15 patients during exacerbation of asthma, 20 with stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and 15 with diffuse interstitial lung disease also in stable condition. Descriptors of breathlessness were then grouped based on the results of cluster analysis.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Seven clusters of phrasal descriptors were identified as possibly representative of types of dyspnea. These clusters of descriptors were categorized as follows: agitation, suffocation, smothering, inhalation, exhalation, panting, and rapidity. Associations between types of dyspnea and the groups of participants were identified based on how frequently they used the terms.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">At least 7 clusters or groups of descriptors of breathlessness were identified as equivalent to 7 types of dyspnea; some items have no equivalent in English. Healthy subjects with respiratory distress or certain groups of patients with cardiovascular or pulmonary disease are associated with certain types of dyspnea.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La disnea es el síntoma más frecuente en la en-fermedad cardiovascular o pulmonar. Sin embargo, el término engloba un número variado de descriptores que suelen usar o identificar los pacientes. Identificar estos descriptores puede ser de utilidad semiológica y para la compresión de su patogenia. El objetivo del presente estudio ha sido caracteri-zar los descriptores de disnea utilizados en español mexica-no y su asociación con diferentes estados de estrés respirato-rio o enfermedad cardiovascular o pulmonar.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se estructuró un cuestionario de disnea basado en 21 descriptores, algunos sin equivalentes en idio-ma inglés. Se estudió a 15 sujetos sanos durante una prueba de ejercicio cardiopulmonar, a 13 durante una prueba de hiper-capnia y a 10 mujeres embarazadas. Asimismo, se incluyó a 16 pacientes estables con cardiopatía demostrada, a 15 pacientes con crisis asmática, a 20 con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica estable y a 15 con neumopatía intersticial difusa tam-bién estable. La agrupación de los diferentes descriptores de disnea se determinó por análisis de conglomerados.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se encontraron 7 conglomerados o asociaciones de descriptores que pueden interpretarse como tipos de disnea. Estos grupos de frases descriptivas se pueden englo-bar bajo los siguientes conceptos: agitación, asfixia, sofocación, inhalación exhalación, jadeo y rapidez. Se encontraron algunas asociaciones entre tipos de disnea y los grupos estu-diados sobre la base de la frecuencia de uso de los términos.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Existen al menos 7 conglomerados o asociaciones de descriptores de disnea que equivalen a 7 tipos de disnea; algunos de los descriptores carecen de equivalen-te en inglés. Los sujetos sanos en estrés respiratorio o algunos grupos de pacientes con enfermedad cardiovascular o pulmonar se asociaron a tipos específicos de disnea.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:23 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Dyspnea. Mechanisms, assessment, and management: a consensus statement" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "American Thoracic Society" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.159.1.ats898" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med." 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 6 | 7 | 13 |
| 2024 October | 28 | 34 | 62 |
| 2024 September | 29 | 27 | 56 |
| 2024 August | 44 | 34 | 78 |
| 2024 July | 26 | 30 | 56 |
| 2024 June | 24 | 28 | 52 |
| 2024 May | 33 | 27 | 60 |
| 2024 April | 21 | 31 | 52 |
| 2024 March | 14 | 14 | 28 |
| 2024 February | 17 | 17 | 34 |
| 2023 March | 1 | 5 | 6 |
| 2023 February | 13 | 16 | 29 |
| 2023 January | 18 | 29 | 47 |
| 2022 December | 16 | 25 | 41 |
| 2022 November | 17 | 23 | 40 |
| 2022 October | 18 | 30 | 48 |
| 2022 September | 18 | 37 | 55 |
| 2022 August | 19 | 37 | 56 |
| 2022 July | 19 | 40 | 59 |
| 2022 June | 17 | 32 | 49 |
| 2022 May | 19 | 37 | 56 |
| 2022 April | 21 | 23 | 44 |
| 2022 March | 20 | 35 | 55 |
| 2022 February | 23 | 38 | 61 |
| 2022 January | 14 | 27 | 41 |
| 2021 December | 19 | 56 | 75 |
| 2021 November | 15 | 51 | 66 |
| 2021 October | 13 | 43 | 56 |
| 2021 September | 18 | 50 | 68 |
| 2021 August | 9 | 25 | 34 |
| 2021 July | 14 | 27 | 41 |
| 2021 June | 20 | 38 | 58 |
| 2021 May | 8 | 27 | 35 |
| 2021 April | 57 | 77 | 134 |
| 2021 March | 13 | 19 | 32 |
| 2021 February | 12 | 10 | 22 |
| 2021 January | 18 | 14 | 32 |
| 2020 December | 8 | 21 | 29 |
| 2020 November | 12 | 11 | 23 |
| 2020 October | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2020 September | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 2020 August | 9 | 12 | 21 |
| 2020 July | 13 | 20 | 33 |
| 2020 June | 7 | 2 | 9 |
| 2020 May | 34 | 16 | 50 |
| 2020 April | 47 | 16 | 63 |
| 2020 March | 35 | 9 | 44 |
| 2020 February | 65 | 22 | 87 |
| 2020 January | 40 | 19 | 59 |
| 2019 December | 13 | 20 | 33 |
| 2019 November | 10 | 14 | 24 |
| 2019 October | 12 | 16 | 28 |
| 2019 September | 23 | 11 | 34 |
| 2019 August | 12 | 15 | 27 |
| 2019 July | 5 | 16 | 21 |
| 2019 June | 10 | 10 | 20 |
| 2019 May | 8 | 13 | 21 |
| 2019 April | 32 | 24 | 56 |
| 2019 March | 11 | 41 | 52 |
| 2019 February | 2 | 14 | 16 |
| 2019 January | 1 | 20 | 21 |
| 2018 December | 6 | 14 | 20 |
| 2018 November | 14 | 13 | 27 |
| 2018 October | 20 | 26 | 46 |
| 2018 September | 8 | 10 | 18 |
| 2018 May | 5 | 0 | 5 |
| 2018 April | 11 | 3 | 14 |
| 2018 March | 10 | 7 | 17 |
| 2018 February | 9 | 6 | 15 |
| 2018 January | 8 | 5 | 13 |
| 2017 December | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 2017 November | 5 | 6 | 11 |
| 2017 October | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2017 September | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2017 August | 7 | 9 | 16 |
| 2017 July | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2017 June | 7 | 10 | 17 |
| 2017 May | 8 | 11 | 19 |
| 2017 April | 6 | 2 | 8 |
| 2017 March | 16 | 3 | 19 |
| 2017 February | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2017 January | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2016 December | 14 | 11 | 25 |
| 2016 November | 16 | 8 | 24 |
| 2016 October | 20 | 12 | 32 |
| 2016 September | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2016 August | 8 | 4 | 12 |
| 2016 July | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 December | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 October | 43 | 17 | 60 |
| 2015 September | 35 | 7 | 42 |
| 2015 August | 45 | 9 | 54 |
| 2015 July | 44 | 8 | 52 |
| 2015 June | 33 | 7 | 40 |
| 2015 May | 47 | 10 | 57 |
| 2015 April | 28 | 9 | 37 |
| 2015 March | 34 | 7 | 41 |
| 2015 February | 32 | 4 | 36 |
| 2015 January | 22 | 4 | 26 |
| 2014 December | 24 | 7 | 31 |
| 2014 November | 50 | 8 | 58 |
| 2014 October | 32 | 10 | 42 |
| 2014 September | 35 | 8 | 43 |
| 2014 August | 27 | 16 | 43 |
| 2014 July | 30 | 9 | 39 |
| 2014 June | 42 | 5 | 47 |
| 2014 May | 45 | 8 | 53 |
| 2014 April | 52 | 7 | 59 |
| 2014 March | 62 | 11 | 73 |
| 2014 February | 33 | 7 | 40 |
| 2014 January | 34 | 8 | 42 |
| 2013 December | 38 | 5 | 43 |
| 2013 November | 27 | 5 | 32 |
| 2013 October | 46 | 8 | 54 |
| 2013 September | 35 | 11 | 46 |
| 2013 August | 51 | 7 | 58 |
| 2013 July | 46 | 13 | 59 |
| 2013 June | 38 | 7 | 45 |
| 2013 May | 28 | 3 | 31 |
| 2013 April | 15 | 8 | 23 |
| 2013 March | 7 | 1 | 8 |
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