Original Articles
Veracity of Smokers' Response Regarding Abstinence at Smoking Cessation Clinics
M. Barruecoa,
, C. Jiménez Ruizb, L. Palomoc, M. Torrecillad, P. Romeroe, J.A. Riescof
Corresponding author
MIBAFE@telefonica.net
Correspondence: Dr M. Barrueco. Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. P.° de San Vicente, 58-182. 37007 Salamanca. España
Correspondence: Dr M. Barrueco. Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. P.° de San Vicente, 58-182. 37007 Salamanca. España
a Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain
b Unidad de Tabaquismo, Instituto de Salud Pública de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
c Centro de Salud de Coria, Coria, Cáceres, Spain
d Centro de Salud San Juan, Salamanca, Spain
e Hospital General de Baza, Baza, Granada, Spain
f Unidad de Neumología, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain
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Riesco" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:5 [ "preGrado" => "Dr." "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Barrueco" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "MIBAFE@telefonica.net" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Jiménez Ruiz" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Palomo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Torrecilla" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "P." 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"apellidos" => "Riesco" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff6" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario de Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Tabaquismo, Instituto de Salud Pública de la Comunidad de Madrid, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Salud de Coria, Coria, Cáceres, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Centro de Salud San Juan, Salamanca, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Hospital General de Baza, Baza, Granada, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff5" ] 5 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Neumología, Hospital San Pedro de Alcántara, Cáceres, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff6" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dr M. Barrueco. Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario de Salamanca. P.° de San Vicente, 58-182. 37007 Salamanca. España" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2004-05-24" "fechaAceptado" => "2004-11-16" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key Words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153983" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Tobacco" 1 => "Smoking cessation" 2 => "Self-report" 3 => "Carbon monoxide" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153984" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Tabaco" 1 => "Deshabituación" 2 => "Autorrespuesta" 3 => "Monóxido de carbono" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To assess the reliability of smokers' response as criteria for measuring abstinence and the necessity or not of confirming abstinence with carbon monoxide (CO) measurement.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A multicenter, prospective, longitudinal study was carried out on patients over 18 years of age from 5 smoking cessation clinics who underwent treatment with nicotine or bupropion. When the patient attended the clinic at 15,30,60,90, and 180 days, abstinence was checked by self-reporting and expired-air CO levels. Sensitivity, specificity, and positive, negative, and overall predictive value of patient reporting, measured CO levels, and the 2 procedures in combination were calculated.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 904 smokers (476 men and 428 women) with a mean (SD) age of 42.51 (10.09) years were enrolled in the study. Of the 904 patients that made up the study population, 820,776,687,719, and 679, respectively, attended the scheduled visits to check abstinence. Self-reported point-prevalence abstinence at 15 days was 74.5% and at 180 days was 57.6% while abstinence determined by expired-air CO was 75.7% and 59.4% respectively. Results according to self-reporting, CO measurement, and the 2 methods in combination were not significantly different (<span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> <.05) at any of the points in time. Neither sensitivity nor specificity showed significant differences in relation to patient variables.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusion</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The reliability of self-reported abstinence from smoking is high. Measurement of CO is therefore not essential, although it could be advisable for motivating patients rather than as a way of confirming abstinence.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Valorar la fiabilidad de la respuesta del fuma-dor como criterio de medida de abstinencia y el carácter de prescindible o indispensable de la determinación de monóxi-do de carbono (CO) para corroborar dicho criterio.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes Y Métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se ha realizado un estudio multi-céntrico, prospectivo y longitudinal en pacientes mayores de 18 años que acudieron a 5 consultas de tabaquismo y a quienes se pautó tratamiento sustitutivo con nicotina o bupropión. Se efectuaron controles a los 15, 30, 60, 90 y 180 días. En cada control se determinó la abstinencia mediante la respuesta dada por el paciente, la determinación de CO en aire espirado y ambos procedimientos conjuntamente. Se calcularon la sensibilidad, especificidad, valor predictivo po-sitivo, negativo y global de la respuesta dada por el paciente respecto de la determinación de CO.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se incluyó en el estudio a 904 fumadores (476 varones y 428 mujeres), con una edad media (± desviación estándar) de 42,51 ± 10,09 años. De los 904 acudieron a los controles programados 820, 776, 687, 719 y 679, respectiva-mente, que constituyen la población objeto de estudio. La abstinencia puntual a los 15 y 180 días determinada por la respuesta de los pacientes fue del 74,5 y del 57,6%, y mediante determinación de CO en aire espirado del 75,7 y del 59,4%, respectivamente. No se observaron diferencias signi-ficativas (p < 0,05) entre los 3 procedimientos a los 15, 30, 60, 90 y 180 días. Ni la sensibilidad ni la especificidad mostraron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las distintas categorías de las variables.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusión</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La fiabilidad de la respuesta dada por los pacientes sobre la abstinencia tabáquica es elevada. Por ello la determinación de CO es prescindible y no resulta indispensable, si bien en el seguimiento del proceso puede ser re-comendable como factor motivador para el paciente más que como una forma de comprobar la abstinencia.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:25 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Accuracy of information on smoking habits provided on self-administered research questionnaires" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "DB Petitti" 1 => "GD Friedman" 2 => "W Kahn" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Public Health" "fecha" => "1981" "volumen" => "71" "paginaInicial" => "308" "paginaFinal" => "311" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7468869" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Validity of questionnaire on smoking and other exposures, with especial reference to environmental tobacco smoke" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "G Pershagen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Respir Dis." 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 6 | 2 | 8 |
| 2024 October | 38 | 19 | 57 |
| 2024 September | 44 | 12 | 56 |
| 2024 August | 54 | 46 | 100 |
| 2024 July | 20 | 22 | 42 |
| 2024 June | 28 | 25 | 53 |
| 2024 May | 37 | 31 | 68 |
| 2024 April | 17 | 28 | 45 |
| 2024 March | 17 | 20 | 37 |
| 2024 February | 23 | 28 | 51 |
| 2023 March | 1 | 3 | 4 |
| 2023 February | 15 | 21 | 36 |
| 2023 January | 15 | 29 | 44 |
| 2022 December | 22 | 23 | 45 |
| 2022 November | 20 | 25 | 45 |
| 2022 October | 20 | 40 | 60 |
| 2022 September | 17 | 30 | 47 |
| 2022 August | 21 | 35 | 56 |
| 2022 July | 17 | 44 | 61 |
| 2022 June | 15 | 29 | 44 |
| 2022 May | 17 | 41 | 58 |
| 2022 April | 14 | 24 | 38 |
| 2022 March | 18 | 41 | 59 |
| 2022 February | 11 | 25 | 36 |
| 2022 January | 12 | 32 | 44 |
| 2021 December | 11 | 39 | 50 |
| 2021 November | 17 | 35 | 52 |
| 2021 October | 30 | 33 | 63 |
| 2021 September | 24 | 48 | 72 |
| 2021 August | 14 | 25 | 39 |
| 2021 July | 17 | 32 | 49 |
| 2021 June | 18 | 37 | 55 |
| 2021 May | 36 | 28 | 64 |
| 2021 April | 71 | 71 | 142 |
| 2021 March | 18 | 12 | 30 |
| 2021 February | 17 | 22 | 39 |
| 2021 January | 18 | 11 | 29 |
| 2020 December | 11 | 14 | 25 |
| 2020 November | 9 | 13 | 22 |
| 2020 October | 14 | 5 | 19 |
| 2020 September | 9 | 5 | 14 |
| 2020 August | 8 | 10 | 18 |
| 2020 July | 13 | 19 | 32 |
| 2020 June | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2020 May | 9 | 13 | 22 |
| 2020 April | 18 | 9 | 27 |
| 2020 March | 13 | 13 | 26 |
| 2020 February | 15 | 16 | 31 |
| 2020 January | 19 | 15 | 34 |
| 2019 December | 29 | 22 | 51 |
| 2019 November | 13 | 16 | 29 |
| 2019 October | 9 | 11 | 20 |
| 2019 September | 5 | 10 | 15 |
| 2019 August | 30 | 5 | 35 |
| 2019 July | 16 | 17 | 33 |
| 2019 June | 25 | 10 | 35 |
| 2019 May | 12 | 2 | 14 |
| 2019 April | 35 | 35 | 70 |
| 2019 March | 8 | 23 | 31 |
| 2019 February | 8 | 13 | 21 |
| 2019 January | 9 | 12 | 21 |
| 2018 December | 9 | 16 | 25 |
| 2018 November | 13 | 11 | 24 |
| 2018 October | 12 | 15 | 27 |
| 2018 September | 10 | 14 | 24 |
| 2018 May | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2018 April | 4 | 6 | 10 |
| 2018 March | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2018 February | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2018 January | 4 | 10 | 14 |
| 2017 December | 3 | 7 | 10 |
| 2017 November | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2017 October | 2 | 7 | 9 |
| 2017 September | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2017 August | 7 | 17 | 24 |
| 2017 July | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2017 June | 9 | 11 | 20 |
| 2017 May | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2017 April | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 2017 March | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2017 February | 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 2017 January | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| 2016 December | 7 | 8 | 15 |
| 2016 November | 18 | 8 | 26 |
| 2016 October | 20 | 16 | 36 |
| 2016 September | 8 | 9 | 17 |
| 2016 August | 8 | 6 | 14 |
| 2016 July | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| 2016 March | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 December | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 October | 49 | 1 | 50 |
| 2015 September | 43 | 12 | 55 |
| 2015 August | 53 | 14 | 67 |
| 2015 July | 48 | 6 | 54 |
| 2015 June | 43 | 6 | 49 |
| 2015 May | 45 | 12 | 57 |
| 2015 April | 32 | 7 | 39 |
| 2015 March | 38 | 9 | 47 |
| 2015 February | 36 | 6 | 42 |
| 2015 January | 38 | 3 | 41 |
| 2014 December | 40 | 5 | 45 |
| 2014 November | 36 | 4 | 40 |
| 2014 October | 48 | 7 | 55 |
| 2014 September | 37 | 5 | 42 |
| 2014 August | 33 | 8 | 41 |
| 2014 July | 25 | 9 | 34 |
| 2014 June | 42 | 6 | 48 |
| 2014 May | 43 | 4 | 47 |
| 2014 April | 39 | 8 | 47 |
| 2014 March | 48 | 6 | 54 |
| 2014 February | 34 | 8 | 42 |
| 2014 January | 30 | 8 | 38 |
| 2013 December | 34 | 6 | 40 |
| 2013 November | 28 | 6 | 34 |
| 2013 October | 32 | 10 | 42 |
| 2013 September | 34 | 8 | 42 |
| 2013 August | 46 | 8 | 54 |
| 2013 July | 39 | 10 | 49 |
| 2013 June | 38 | 6 | 44 |
| 2013 May | 43 | 7 | 50 |
| 2013 April | 20 | 5 | 25 |
| 2013 March | 8 | 3 | 11 |
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