Original Articles
Primary Hyperhidrosis and Anxiety: a Prospective Preoperative Survey of 158 Patients
R. Ramosa,b,
, J. Moyaa,b, V. Turónc, J. Péreza, R. Villalongad, R. Moreraa, V. Pernaa, G. Ferrera
Corresponding author
ricardramos@ub.edu
Correspondence: Dr. R. Ramos. Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. Feixa Llarga, s/n. 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona. España
Correspondence: Dr. R. Ramos. Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. Feixa Llarga, s/n. 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona. España
a Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
b Departament d'Anatomia Humana i Embriología, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
d Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
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Pérez, R. Villalonga, R. Morera, V. Perna, G. Ferrer" "autores" => array:8 [ 0 => array:5 [ "preGrado" => "Dr." "nombre" => "R." "apellidos" => "Ramos" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "ricardramos@ub.edu" ] "referencia" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Moya" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "V." 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"apellidos" => "Ferrer" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:4 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departament d'Anatomia Humana i Embriología, Facultat de Medicina, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Psiquiatría, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dr. R. Ramos. Servicio de Cirugía Torácica. Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge. Feixa Llarga, s/n. 08907 L'Hospitalet de Llobregat. Barcelona. España" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2004-02-19" "fechaAceptado" => "2004-05-25" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key Words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153933" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Primary hyperhidrosis" 1 => "Anxiety" 2 => "Sympathetic hyperreactivity" 3 => "State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI)" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153932" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Hiperhidrosis primaria" 1 => "Ansiedad" 2 => "Hiperre-actividad simpática" 3 => "STAI" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">TO determine the location of hyperhidrosis, the accompanying signs and symptoms, and patient anxiety assessed on 2 scales and standardized psychometric instruments.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A prospective study of patients with hyperhidrosis was carried out between September 1, 2001 and June 30, 2003 with a self-administered preoperative questionnaire. The variables studied included the location of hyperhidrosis, the accompanying signs and symptoms, and the self-reported degree of anxiety and perception of its effect on daily life assessed by the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) and a questionnaire designed in our department.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Palmar hyperhidrosis was reported by 93.6% of patients, plantar by 70.2%, axillary by 66.4%, facial by 12.1%, groin by 8.2%, chest by 5%, and abdominal by 2%. While more than 50% of the patients reported facial blushing and palpitations as accompanying signs and symptoms, approximately 30% experienced epigastric pain, trembling, and headaches. Over half of the patients reported that their anxiety was incapacitating, and a mere 1.2% experienced none at all. STAI scores were similar to those of the general population whereas scores on our department's questionnaire reflected those of the self-reported anxiety ratings.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Primary hyperhidrosis is a disorder in which excessive sweating occurs mainly, but not exclusively, on the palms. The condition is accompanied by signs and symptoms typical of autonomic nervous system hyperactivity and by a degree of anxiety that has an incapacitating effect on normal life, although that anxiety is not detected by the STAI questionnaire alone.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Determinar la localización de la hiperhidrosis, la clínica acom pa ñante y la ansiedad que refieren los pacientes tanto subjetivamente como mediante instrumentos psicométricos estandarizados.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes Y Métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio prospectivo realizado en-tre el 1 de septiembre de 2001 y el 30 de junio de 2003 mediante una encuesta autoadministrada preoperatoria a los pacientes con hiperhidrosis. Las variables de estudio fueron: localización de la hiperhidrosis, clínica acompañante, ansiedad subjetiva y percepción de ésta en la vida diaria mediante el cuestionario Escala de Ansiedad Estado-Rasgo (STAI) y un cuestionario elaborado por nuestro servicio.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La localización de la hiperhidrosis fue palmar en el 93,6% de los pacientes, plantar en el 70,2%, axilar en el 66,4%, facial en el 12,1%, inguinal en el 8,2%, pectoral en un 5% y abdominal en un 2%. En cuanto a la clínica acompañante, el enrojecimiento facial y las palpitaciones superaban el 50%, mientras que alrededor de un 30% presentaba epigas-tralgia, temblor y cefalalgia. En cuanto a la ansiedad subjetiva, más de la mitad de los pacientes presentaban ansiedad in-capacitante y sólo el 1,2% no la experimentaban en ningün grado. Segün el STAI, los valores obtenidos reflejaban un pa-ralelismo con la población general, mientras que nuestro cuestionario reflejó la ansiedad autorreferida.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La hiperhidrosis primaria es un trastorno que cursa principalmente con hipersudación palmar, aun-que no de forma exclusiva. Se acompaña de clínica típica de hiperactividad del sistema vegetativo y un grado de ansiedad que incapacita para Ilevar una vida normal y que, sin embargo, no se detecta mediante el cuestionario STAI.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:28 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hiperhidrosis primaria: estudio prospectivo de 338 pacientes" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R Ramos" 1 => "J Moya" 2 => "J Pérez" 3 => "R Villalonga" 4 => "R Morera" 5 => "R Pujol" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "MedClin (Barc)" "fecha" => "2003" "volumen" => "121" "paginaInicial" => "201" "paginaFinal" => "203" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Palmar hyperhidrosis and its surgical treatment" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "R Adar" 1 => "A Kurchin" 2 => "A Zweig" 3 => "M Mozes" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Ann Surg." 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 3 | 8 | 11 |
| 2024 October | 27 | 14 | 41 |
| 2024 September | 32 | 19 | 51 |
| 2024 August | 50 | 38 | 88 |
| 2024 July | 26 | 25 | 51 |
| 2024 June | 22 | 21 | 43 |
| 2024 May | 32 | 30 | 62 |
| 2024 April | 21 | 22 | 43 |
| 2024 March | 23 | 12 | 35 |
| 2024 February | 18 | 22 | 40 |
| 2023 March | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 2023 February | 14 | 22 | 36 |
| 2023 January | 16 | 40 | 56 |
| 2022 December | 19 | 30 | 49 |
| 2022 November | 13 | 25 | 38 |
| 2022 October | 19 | 26 | 45 |
| 2022 September | 14 | 19 | 33 |
| 2022 August | 15 | 30 | 45 |
| 2022 July | 24 | 46 | 70 |
| 2022 June | 18 | 46 | 64 |
| 2022 May | 17 | 25 | 42 |
| 2022 April | 19 | 36 | 55 |
| 2022 March | 21 | 39 | 60 |
| 2022 February | 12 | 23 | 35 |
| 2022 January | 11 | 26 | 37 |
| 2021 December | 14 | 31 | 45 |
| 2021 November | 15 | 38 | 53 |
| 2021 October | 22 | 56 | 78 |
| 2021 September | 21 | 50 | 71 |
| 2021 August | 16 | 33 | 49 |
| 2021 July | 15 | 31 | 46 |
| 2021 June | 13 | 33 | 46 |
| 2021 May | 16 | 29 | 45 |
| 2021 April | 21 | 38 | 59 |
| 2021 March | 15 | 23 | 38 |
| 2021 February | 10 | 21 | 31 |
| 2021 January | 8 | 13 | 21 |
| 2020 December | 10 | 29 | 39 |
| 2020 November | 6 | 20 | 26 |
| 2020 October | 17 | 6 | 23 |
| 2020 September | 3 | 11 | 14 |
| 2020 August | 5 | 13 | 18 |
| 2020 July | 8 | 17 | 25 |
| 2020 June | 5 | 10 | 15 |
| 2020 May | 10 | 23 | 33 |
| 2020 April | 13 | 6 | 19 |
| 2020 March | 9 | 27 | 36 |
| 2020 February | 15 | 23 | 38 |
| 2020 January | 17 | 31 | 48 |
| 2019 December | 11 | 32 | 43 |
| 2019 November | 20 | 25 | 45 |
| 2019 October | 12 | 26 | 38 |
| 2019 September | 13 | 35 | 48 |
| 2019 August | 15 | 23 | 38 |
| 2019 July | 15 | 24 | 39 |
| 2019 June | 12 | 17 | 29 |
| 2019 May | 15 | 44 | 59 |
| 2019 April | 27 | 38 | 65 |
| 2019 March | 8 | 35 | 43 |
| 2019 February | 8 | 41 | 49 |
| 2019 January | 2 | 24 | 26 |
| 2018 December | 6 | 25 | 31 |
| 2018 November | 12 | 16 | 28 |
| 2018 October | 23 | 15 | 38 |
| 2018 September | 15 | 14 | 29 |
| 2018 May | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 April | 8 | 9 | 17 |
| 2018 March | 7 | 7 | 14 |
| 2018 February | 2 | 5 | 7 |
| 2018 January | 7 | 11 | 18 |
| 2017 December | 5 | 8 | 13 |
| 2017 November | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2017 October | 4 | 8 | 12 |
| 2017 September | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2017 August | 8 | 13 | 21 |
| 2017 July | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2017 June | 14 | 13 | 27 |
| 2017 May | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2017 April | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2017 March | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2017 February | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 2017 January | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2016 December | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2016 November | 15 | 9 | 24 |
| 2016 October | 19 | 10 | 29 |
| 2016 September | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| 2016 August | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2016 June | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 December | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 October | 48 | 1 | 49 |
| 2015 September | 47 | 11 | 58 |
| 2015 August | 51 | 12 | 63 |
| 2015 July | 89 | 5 | 94 |
| 2015 June | 34 | 9 | 43 |
| 2015 May | 41 | 8 | 49 |
| 2015 April | 41 | 6 | 47 |
| 2015 March | 41 | 6 | 47 |
| 2015 February | 46 | 3 | 49 |
| 2015 January | 33 | 8 | 41 |
| 2014 December | 34 | 4 | 38 |
| 2014 November | 34 | 3 | 37 |
| 2014 October | 54 | 8 | 62 |
| 2014 September | 54 | 12 | 66 |
| 2014 August | 33 | 9 | 42 |
| 2014 July | 48 | 10 | 58 |
| 2014 June | 54 | 6 | 60 |
| 2014 May | 55 | 9 | 64 |
| 2014 April | 54 | 9 | 63 |
| 2014 March | 64 | 8 | 72 |
| 2014 February | 53 | 9 | 62 |
| 2014 January | 51 | 8 | 59 |
| 2013 December | 52 | 11 | 63 |
| 2013 November | 40 | 4 | 44 |
| 2013 October | 39 | 8 | 47 |
| 2013 September | 46 | 11 | 57 |
| 2013 August | 41 | 7 | 48 |
| 2013 July | 51 | 10 | 61 |
| 2013 June | 43 | 6 | 49 |
| 2013 May | 37 | 8 | 45 |
| 2013 April | 25 | 4 | 29 |
| 2013 March | 7 | 1 | 8 |
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