Original Articles
Smoking Habits Among Sixth-Year Medical Students in Spain
A. Masa, I. Nerínb,
, M. Barruecoc, J. Corderod, D. Guilléna, C. Jiménez-Ruize, V. Sobradillof
Corresponding author
isabelne@unizar.es
Correspondence: Dra I. Nerín. Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina, edificio B. C/Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España
Correspondence: Dra I. Nerín. Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina, edificio B. C/Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España
a Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
b Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain
c Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario, Salamanca, Spain
d Hospital General Yagüe, Burgos, Spain
e Unidad de Tabaquismo, Instituto de Salud Pública de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain
f Hospital de Cruces, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain
Read
4342
Timeswas read the article
1792
Total PDF
2550
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:23 [ "pii" => "S1579212906603431" "issn" => "15792129" "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(06)60343-1" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2004-09-01" "aid" => "60343" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)" "copyrightAnyo" => "2004" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2004;40:403-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2424 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 85 "HTML" => 1730 "PDF" => 609 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S1579212906603443" "issn" => "15792129" "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(06)60344-3" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2004-09-01" "aid" => "60344" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2004;40:409-13" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 3132 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 87 "HTML" => 1769 "PDF" => 1276 ] ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Article</span>" "titulo" => "Video-Assisted Thoracoscopic Thymectomy for the Treatment of My asthenia Gravis" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "409" "paginaFinal" => "413" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J. Loscertales, J. Ayarra Jarne, M. Congregado, A. Arroyo Tristán, R. Jiménez Merchán, J.C. Girón Arjona, C. Arenas Linares" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:3 [ "preGrado" => "Dr." "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Loscertales" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Ayarra Jarne" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Congregado" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A. Arroyo" "apellidos" => "Tristán" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "R. Jiménez" "apellidos" => "Merchán" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.C." "apellidos" => "Girón Arjona" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Arenas Linares" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212906603443?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/15792129/0000004000000009/v1_201305150126/S1579212906603443/v1_201305150126/en/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S157921290660342X" "issn" => "15792129" "doi" => "10.1016/S1579-2129(06)60342-X" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2004-09-01" "aid" => "60342" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2004;40:397-402" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2256 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 103 "HTML" => 1449 "PDF" => 704 ] ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Articles</span>" "titulo" => "Association Between the Forced Midexpiratory Flow/Forced Vital Capacity Ratio and Bronchial Hyperresponsiveness" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "en" 1 => "es" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "397" "paginaFinal" => "402" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "en" => true "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "I. Urrutia, A. Capelastegui, J.M. Quintana, N. Muniozguren, F. Payo, J. Martínez Moratalla, J.A. Maldonado, X. Basagana, J.M. Anto, J. Sunyer" "autores" => array:11 [ 0 => array:3 [ "preGrado" => "Dra" "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Urrutia" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Capelastegui" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Quintana" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "N." "apellidos" => "Muniozguren" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "F." "apellidos" => "Payo" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Martínez Moratalla" ] 6 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.A." "apellidos" => "Maldonado" ] 7 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "X." "apellidos" => "Basagana" ] 8 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Anto" ] 9 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Sunyer" ] 10 => array:1 [ "colaborador" => "the Spanish Group of the European Community Respiratory Health Survey (ECRHS-I)" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S157921290660342X?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/15792129/0000004000000009/v1_201305150126/S157921290660342X/v1_201305150126/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:15 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Original Articles</span>" "titulo" => "Smoking Habits Among Sixth-Year Medical Students in Spain" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "403" "paginaFinal" => "408" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Mas, I. Nerín, M. Barrueco, J. Cordero, D. Guillén, C. Jiménez-Ruiz, V. Sobradillo" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Mas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 1 => array:5 [ "preGrado" => "Dra" "nombre" => "I." "apellidos" => "Nerín" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "isabelne@unizar.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Barrueco" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Cordero" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Guillén" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Jiménez-Ruiz" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff5" ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "V." "apellidos" => "Sobradillo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff6" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría, Unidad de Tabaquismo FMZ, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario, Salamanca, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff3" ] 3 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Hospital General Yagüe, Burgos, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">d</span>" "identificador" => "aff4" ] 4 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Tabaquismo, Instituto de Salud Pública de la Comunidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">e</span>" "identificador" => "aff5" ] 5 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Hospital de Cruces, Baracaldo, Vizcaya, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">f</span>" "identificador" => "aff6" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dra I. Nerín. Departamento de Medicina y Psiquiatría. Facultad de Medicina, edificio B. C/Domingo Miral, s/n. 50009 Zaragoza. España" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2003-11-06" "fechaAceptado" => "2004-03-30" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key Words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153612" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Medical students" 1 => "Smoking addiction" 2 => "Prevalence" 3 => "Medical education" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153611" "palabras" => array:4 [ 0 => "Estudiantes de medicina" 1 => "Tabaquismo" 2 => "Prevalencia" 3 => "Educación médica" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">To describe and analyze the smoking habits of sixth-year Spanish medical students.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and methods</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">The target population of this descriptive cross-sectional study was students completing their sixth year in Spanish medical schools. An anonymous, self-administered questionnaire was sent to the students' homes by ordinary mail. The relationships between the variables were analyzed using contingency tables, the χ<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span> test, the Student <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">t</span> test, and analysis of variance with a significance level of <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">P</span> <.05. The software package was SPSS.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A total of 3840 questionnaires were distributed to students, and 1340 were returned completed (34.9%). Of the respondents, 27% were smokers (8.7% smoked only on weekends, and 18.3% were daily smokers). The mean (SD) number of cigarettes smoked per day was 10.54 (7.89). Consumption was significantly higher among men than among women. The mean age of initiation was 17.20 years. Of the students who were smokers, 32.54% stated that they had started smoking during their medical studies. The percentage of smokers who stated that they wanted to quit was 76.3%, and 56.6% said that they had already made at least one quit attempt.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">It is cause for concern that a large number of students start smoking after they enter medical school. One of the reasons for this is the lack of concern about smoking as a health problem within medical schools. The smoking habits of medical students are affected by the same phenomena that affect those of the general public, such as the increase in the number of women smokers, the influence of sociocultural factors, and the increasingly broader age range of initiation. The lower prevalence of smoking among medical students with respect to other populations is probably due to the fact that, in general, these students have better health habits than the general public, and/or the reasons that led them to study medicine also make them disinclined to smoke.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Realizar un análisis descriptivo en los estudiantes de sexto curso de medicina españoles respecto al consumo de tabaco.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y Métodos</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Estudio descriptivo transversal cuya población objetivo son los estudiantes de sexto curso de las facultades de medicina de España. Se utilizó un cuestionario de autocontestación, anónimo, que se envió a los domicilios personales de los alumnos por correo ordinario. Para el análisis de las variables y sus relaciones se utilizaron tablas de contingencias, la prueba de la χ<span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span>, la prueba de la t de Student y el análisis de la varianza con un valor de p < 0,05 y el paquete estadístico SPSS.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se consultó a 3.840 alumnos y se recibieron 1.340 cuestionarios (34,9%). El 27% de los alumnos son fu-madores (el 8,7% fuma los fines de semana y el 18,3% a diario). El consumo medio de cigarrillos es de 10,54 ± 7,89 cigarrillos/día, aunque es significativamente más alto en los estudiantes varones que en las mujeres. La edad media de inicio en el consumo de tabaco fue de 17,20 años. El 32,54% de los alumnos que fuma en la actualidad ha iniciado su consumo durante la licenciatura de medicina. El 76,3% de los estudiantes fumadores quiere dejar de serlo y el 56,6% refiere haberlo intentado alguna vez.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Resulta preocupante el elevado número de alumnos que comienzan a fumar en las facultades de medicina, entre otras causas, por la falta de sensibilidad de estos centros frente a este problema de salud. Los fenóme-nos que ocurren en la población general respecto al tabaquismo aparecen también en los estudiantes de medicina, como la incorporación de la mujer al consumo de tabaco, la influencia de factores socioculturales o la ampliación en la edad de inicio. Probablemente, la menor prevalencia de fumadores entre estos alumnos respecto a otras poblaciones se debe a que, en general, tienen mejores hábitos de salud que la población general y no fuman por la misma motivación por la que eligieron cursar la licenciatura de medicina.</p>" ] ] "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara">Study financed by the Assembly on Smoking Dependence of the Spanish Society of Pulmonology and Thoracic Surgery (SEPAR).</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:28 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "Controlling the Smoking Epidemic Report of a World Health Organization Expert Committee on Smoking Control" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:4 [ "titulo" => "Technical Report Series 636, World Health Organization" "fecha" => "1979" "editorial" => "WHO" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Geneva" ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "International Union Against Cancer. Guidelines on smoking cessation. Geneva, 1984." ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib3" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "U.S. Department of Health and Human Services: Smoking and Health. A report of the Surgeon General. U.S. Public Health Service Surgeon General's Advisory Committee on Smoking and Health. Rockville: PHS Publ. No. 1103. 1964." ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib4" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "Royal College of Physicians" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:4 [ "titulo" => "Tobacco or health" "fecha" => "1977" "editorial" => "Pitman Medical" "editorialLocalizacion" => "London" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib5" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Actitudes y hábitos tabáquicos de los médicos de Cataluña" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "L Salleras" 1 => "H Pardell" 2 => "J Canela" 3 => "J Vaqué" 4 => "P Plans" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Barc)" "fecha" => "1987" "volumen" => "89" "numero" => "Suppl 1" "paginaInicial" => "6" "paginaFinal" => "9" ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib6" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Funciones del profesional sanitario y farmacéutico frente al tabaquismo" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "S Solano" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:4 [ "titulo" => "Aproximación al tabaquismo en España" "paginaInicial" => "109" "paginaFinal" => "124" "serieFecha" => "1997" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib7" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Prevalencia del consumo de tabaco en los profesionales sanitarios del Insalud 1998" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "E Gil" 1 => "T Robledo" 2 => "JM Rubio" 3 => "MR Bris" 4 => "I Espiga" 5 => "I Sáiz" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Prev Tab" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "22" "paginaFinal" => "31" ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib8" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A missed opportunity. Teaching medical students to help their patients successfully quit smoking" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "MC Fiore" 1 => "RP Epps" 2 => "MW Manley" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "1994" "volumen" => "271" "paginaInicial" => "624" "paginaFinal" => "626" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8301797" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib9" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Fumando espero" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "I Nerín" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "36" "paginaInicial" => "115" "paginaFinal" => "117" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10782260" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib10" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Estudio de tabaquismo en una facultad de medicina: prevalencia y actitudes en estudiantes y profesores" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "I Nerín" 1 => "D Guillén" 2 => "A Mas" 3 => "L Sánchez-Agudo" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Prev Tab" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "2" "paginaInicial" => "166" "paginaFinal" => "172" ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib11" "etiqueta" => "11" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Consumo de drogas en el medio universitario" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "Grupo Universitario Multicéntrico" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Barc)" "fecha" => "1980" "volumen" => "75" "paginaInicial" => "317" "paginaFinal" => "326" ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib12" "etiqueta" => "12" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Epidemiología del consumo de alcohol, tabaco y drogas en estudiantes de la Universidad de Oviedo" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "J Bobes" 1 => "M Bousoño" 2 => "R Hernández" 3 => "J Millán" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev San Hig Publ" "fecha" => "1985" "volumen" => "59" "paginaInicial" => "381" "paginaFinal" => "394" ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib13" "etiqueta" => "13" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Smoking habits of final year Galician medical students" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "JJ Gestal" 1 => "A Montes" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Epidem Santé Publ" "fecha" => "1987" "volumen" => "35" "paginaInicial" => "386" "paginaFinal" => "392" ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib14" "etiqueta" => "14" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "El tabaquismo en los estudiantes de medicina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M Sust" 1 => "A Prat" 2 => "C Ascaso" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Medicina Integral" "fecha" => "1988" "volumen" => "12" "paginaInicial" => "375" "paginaFinal" => "379" "itemHostRev" => array:3 [ "pii" => "S0002939408004388" "estado" => "S300" "issn" => "00029394" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib15" "etiqueta" => "15" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Tabaquismo en el colectivo médico de la provincia de Granada" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "JL Martí García" 1 => "JL Nogueras Ocaña" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Rev Esp Cardiol" "fecha" => "1989" "volumen" => "42" "numero" => "Supl 1" "paginaInicial" => "32" "paginaFinal" => "34" ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib16" "etiqueta" => "16" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "Boletín Oficial del Estado. Ley de protección de datos. Ley Orgánica 15/1.999, de 13 de diciembre, de Protección de Datos Personales. BOE de 14 de diciembre de 1999." ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib17" "etiqueta" => "17" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Tobacco dependence curricula in US undergraduate medical education" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "LH Ferry" 1 => "LM Grissino" 2 => "PS Runfola" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "JAMA" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "282" "paginaInicial" => "825" "paginaFinal" => "829" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10478687" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib18" "etiqueta" => "18" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Worldwide survey of education on tobacco in medical schools" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "R Richmond" 1 => "D Debono" 2 => "D Larcos" 3 => "L Kehoe" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Tob Control" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "247" "paginaFinal" => "252" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9825419" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib19" "etiqueta" => "19" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Participación de médicos en encuestas sobre comportamiento y salud realizadas por correo" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "A Reig Ferrer" 1 => "A Caruana Vaño" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Gac Sanit" "fecha" => "1991" "volumen" => "20" "paginaInicial" => "197" "paginaFinal" => "198" ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib20" "etiqueta" => "20" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "La atención de los médicos hacia el cuidado de su propia salud. Resultados de una encuesta postal" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "M Bruguera" 1 => "J Gurí" 2 => "A Arteman" 3 => "J Grau Valldosera" 4 => "J Carbonell" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Clin (Barc)" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "117" "paginaInicial" => "492" "paginaFinal" => "494" ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib21" "etiqueta" => "21" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "EG Fernández Abascal" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:4 [ "titulo" => "Psicología general. Motivación y emoción" "fecha" => "2000" "editorial" => "Centro de Estudios Ramón Aceves S.A." "editorialLocalizacion" => "Madrid" ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib22" "etiqueta" => "22" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Libro" => array:4 [ "titulo" => "Encuesta Nacional de Salud de España 2001. Avance de resultados sobre hábitos de vida: tabaco" "fecha" => "2001" "editorial" => "Ministerio de Sanidad y Consumo" "editorialLocalizacion" => "Madrid" ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib23" "etiqueta" => "23" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A worldwide survey of knowledge and attitudes of tobacco among medical students" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "J Crofton" 1 => "JF Tessier" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:4 [ "titulo" => "Educating medical students about tobacco: planning and implementation" "paginaInicial" => "277" "paginaFinal" => "280" "serieFecha" => "1997" ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib24" "etiqueta" => "24" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Estudio comparativo sobre el consumo de tabaco entre médicos y estudiantes de medicina" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A Montero" 1 => "CJ Gómez" 2 => "JA López" 3 => "E Linares" 4 => "MD Pinel" 5 => "JA Maldonado" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Prev Tab" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "224" "paginaFinal" => "231" ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib25" "etiqueta" => "25" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Smoking behaviour and attitudes of medical students towards smoking and anti-smoking campaigns, in Australia, Japan, USA and the former USSR (Russia and Estonia)" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "JF Tessier" 1 => "PP Freour" 2 => "C Nejjari" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Tob Control" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "7" "paginaInicial" => "88" "paginaFinal" => "91" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9706760" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib26" "etiqueta" => "26" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Smoking behaviour and attitudes among Australian medical students" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "RL Richmond" 1 => "L Kehoe" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Educ" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "31" "paginaInicial" => "169" "paginaFinal" => "176" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9231133" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib27" "etiqueta" => "27" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Smoking habits and attitudes of medical students towards smoking and antismoking campaigns in fourteen European countries" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "JF Tessier" 1 => "J Freour" 2 => "J Crofton" 3 => "L Kombou" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur J Epidemiol" "fecha" => "1989" "volumen" => "5" "paginaInicial" => "311" "paginaFinal" => "321" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2676583" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 27 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib28" "etiqueta" => "28" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Medical education on tobacco: implications of a worldwide survey" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "JWW Crofton" 1 => "PP Freour" 2 => "JF Tessier" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Med Educ" "fecha" => "1994" "volumen" => "28" "paginaInicial" => "187" "paginaFinal" => "196" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8035710" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/15792129/0000004000000009/v1_201305150126/S1579212906603431/v1_201305150126/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => null "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15792129/0000004000000009/v1_201305150126/S1579212906603431/v1_201305150126/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://archbronconeumol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212906603431?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2024 October | 24 | 21 | 45 |
| 2024 September | 27 | 27 | 54 |
| 2024 August | 37 | 50 | 87 |
| 2024 July | 25 | 32 | 57 |
| 2024 June | 35 | 28 | 63 |
| 2024 May | 28 | 38 | 66 |
| 2024 April | 18 | 25 | 43 |
| 2024 March | 23 | 40 | 63 |
| 2024 February | 15 | 23 | 38 |
| 2023 March | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| 2023 February | 18 | 22 | 40 |
| 2023 January | 15 | 34 | 49 |
| 2022 December | 22 | 44 | 66 |
| 2022 November | 17 | 30 | 47 |
| 2022 October | 20 | 36 | 56 |
| 2022 September | 17 | 31 | 48 |
| 2022 August | 13 | 40 | 53 |
| 2022 July | 21 | 39 | 60 |
| 2022 June | 12 | 31 | 43 |
| 2022 May | 20 | 26 | 46 |
| 2022 April | 15 | 22 | 37 |
| 2022 March | 19 | 43 | 62 |
| 2022 February | 17 | 27 | 44 |
| 2022 January | 16 | 25 | 41 |
| 2021 December | 14 | 39 | 53 |
| 2021 November | 19 | 43 | 62 |
| 2021 October | 34 | 37 | 71 |
| 2021 September | 36 | 35 | 71 |
| 2021 August | 14 | 29 | 43 |
| 2021 July | 19 | 23 | 42 |
| 2021 June | 20 | 37 | 57 |
| 2021 May | 15 | 30 | 45 |
| 2021 April | 29 | 30 | 59 |
| 2021 March | 20 | 23 | 43 |
| 2021 February | 13 | 8 | 21 |
| 2021 January | 7 | 13 | 20 |
| 2020 December | 12 | 10 | 22 |
| 2020 November | 5 | 10 | 15 |
| 2020 October | 7 | 4 | 11 |
| 2020 September | 7 | 5 | 12 |
| 2020 August | 7 | 6 | 13 |
| 2020 July | 11 | 12 | 23 |
| 2020 June | 4 | 11 | 15 |
| 2020 May | 18 | 11 | 29 |
| 2020 April | 11 | 11 | 22 |
| 2020 March | 10 | 12 | 22 |
| 2020 February | 14 | 10 | 24 |
| 2020 January | 17 | 13 | 30 |
| 2019 December | 23 | 22 | 45 |
| 2019 November | 14 | 8 | 22 |
| 2019 October | 9 | 7 | 16 |
| 2019 September | 10 | 13 | 23 |
| 2019 August | 12 | 5 | 17 |
| 2019 July | 11 | 13 | 24 |
| 2019 June | 10 | 7 | 17 |
| 2019 May | 10 | 6 | 16 |
| 2019 April | 6 | 10 | 16 |
| 2019 March | 6 | 13 | 19 |
| 2019 February | 7 | 9 | 16 |
| 2019 January | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2018 December | 6 | 9 | 15 |
| 2018 November | 16 | 5 | 21 |
| 2018 October | 28 | 14 | 42 |
| 2018 September | 10 | 11 | 21 |
| 2018 May | 13 | 0 | 13 |
| 2018 April | 10 | 4 | 14 |
| 2018 March | 2 | 3 | 5 |
| 2018 February | 5 | 9 | 14 |
| 2018 January | 4 | 4 | 8 |
| 2017 December | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2017 November | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2017 October | 4 | 12 | 16 |
| 2017 September | 2 | 6 | 8 |
| 2017 August | 12 | 10 | 22 |
| 2017 July | 5 | 5 | 10 |
| 2017 June | 7 | 21 | 28 |
| 2017 May | 7 | 11 | 18 |
| 2017 April | 4 | 2 | 6 |
| 2017 March | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2017 February | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2017 January | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2016 December | 6 | 12 | 18 |
| 2016 November | 18 | 18 | 36 |
| 2016 October | 17 | 15 | 32 |
| 2016 September | 11 | 9 | 20 |
| 2016 August | 14 | 6 | 20 |
| 2016 July | 8 | 5 | 13 |
| 2016 March | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2016 February | 1 | 0 | 1 |
| 2015 December | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 October | 64 | 1 | 65 |
| 2015 September | 61 | 14 | 75 |
| 2015 August | 48 | 9 | 57 |
| 2015 July | 60 | 9 | 69 |
| 2015 June | 37 | 9 | 46 |
| 2015 May | 76 | 9 | 85 |
| 2015 April | 39 | 5 | 44 |
| 2015 March | 69 | 8 | 77 |
| 2015 February | 57 | 4 | 61 |
| 2015 January | 36 | 7 | 43 |
| 2014 December | 36 | 9 | 45 |
| 2014 November | 47 | 4 | 51 |
| 2014 October | 53 | 13 | 66 |
| 2014 September | 43 | 12 | 55 |
| 2014 August | 33 | 7 | 40 |
| 2014 July | 36 | 7 | 43 |
| 2014 June | 52 | 6 | 58 |
| 2014 May | 52 | 7 | 59 |
| 2014 April | 43 | 8 | 51 |
| 2014 March | 60 | 13 | 73 |
| 2014 February | 38 | 7 | 45 |
| 2014 January | 29 | 9 | 38 |
| 2013 December | 40 | 8 | 48 |
| 2013 November | 31 | 9 | 40 |
| 2013 October | 27 | 7 | 34 |
| 2013 September | 31 | 8 | 39 |
| 2013 August | 27 | 11 | 38 |
| 2013 July | 43 | 19 | 62 |
| 2013 June | 24 | 7 | 31 |
| 2013 May | 30 | 6 | 36 |
| 2013 April | 25 | 7 | 32 |
| 2013 March | 7 | 2 | 9 |
Show all
