Original Articles
Effects of Muscle Training on Breathing Pattern in Patients With Severe Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
J.M. Ruiz de Oña Lacastaa,
, J. García de Pedrob, L. Puente Maestub, D. Llorente Iñigob, J. Celdrán Gila, J.M. Cubillo Marcosb
Corresponding author
jmruiz@separ.es
Correspondence: Dr. J.M. Ruiz de Oña Lacasta. Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neumología. Hospital Nuestra Señora Sra. del Prado. Ctra. de Madrid, km 114. 45600 Talavera de la Reina. Toledo. España
Correspondence: Dr. J.M. Ruiz de Oña Lacasta. Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neumología. Hospital Nuestra Señora Sra. del Prado. Ctra. de Madrid, km 114. 45600 Talavera de la Reina. Toledo. España
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"apellidos" => "Ruiz de Oña Lacasta" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "jmruiz@separ.es" ] "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor1" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "García de Pedro" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Puente Maestu" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "D." "apellidos" => "Llorente Iñigo" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Celdrán Gil" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J.M." "apellidos" => "Cubillo Marcos" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:2 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neumología, Hospital Nuestra Señora del Prado, Talavera de la Reina, Toledo, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff1" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff2" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor1" "etiqueta" => "*" "correspondencia" => "Correspondence: Dr. J.M. Ruiz de Oña Lacasta. Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neumología. Hospital Nuestra Señora Sra. del Prado. Ctra. de Madrid, km 114. 45600 Talavera de la Reina. Toledo. España" ] ] ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2003-05-05" "fechaAceptado" => "2003-07-01" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Key words" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153068" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD)" 1 => "Ventilation" 2 => "Exercise test" ] ] ] "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec153069" "palabras" => array:3 [ 0 => "Enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC)" 1 => "Ventilación" 2 => "Prueba de esfuerzo" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objective</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">During physical exertion, the ventilatory response of patients with severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is more rapid and shallow than that of healthy subjects. There is evidence that exercise training can alter breathing pattern in COPD patients. The purpose of the present study was to observe the effects of physical training on patients with severe COPD and to determine whether or not any possible changes were maintained over time.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material and method</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Patients with severe COPD without bronchial reversibility were enrolled in a randomized controlled trial of a peripheral muscle training program carried out in a hospital setting. All enrolled patients were clinically stable, without exacerbation, and were randomly assigned to a training program of high (group A) or low (group B) intensity.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Thirty-five men with severe COPD in stable condition (mean [SD] forced expiratory volume in 1 second at 41%[7%]) were enrolled in the study. The mean age was 64(5) years. Group A underwent training at 70(22) W and group B at 35(10) W, such that the estimated total work was 8050(2882) kJ in group A and 4044(1205) kJ in group B. Breathing pattern changes were detected in exercise tests only for group A patients, but the changes were not maintained 12 months after the end of the program.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Intense training produces changes in the breathing pattern of patients with severe COPD. The changes are not specific to the task performed, not dependent on lactate production, and not maintained over the long term.</p>" ] "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivo</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Durante el esfuerzo físico la respuesta ventilatoria de los enfermos con enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica (EPOC) grave es más rápida y superficial que la de los sujetos sanos, y existen indicios de que el entrenamiento físico podría cambiar el patrón ventilatorio de estos pacientes. El propósito del presente estudio fue comprobar los efectos que el entrenamiento físico de los pacientes con EPOC grave tiene sobre el patrón ventilatorio, así como determinar o no el mantenimiento de los posibles cambios producidos en el tiempo.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Material y método</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se realizó un estudio aleatorio y controlado con pacientes con EPOC grave sin reversibilidad bronquial. En estos pacientes se efectuó una intervención mediante entrenamiento físico. Los pacientes fueron remitidos al hospital para entrenamiento muscular periférico, todos ellos en situación clínica estable, sin exacerbación, y fueron asignados a dos programas diferentes de entrenamiento físico.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se estudiaron 35 pacientes varones con EPOC grave, estables (volumen espiratorio forzado en el primer segundo del 41 ± 7%), con una edad media de 64 ± 5 años, divididos en dos grupos con diferente potencia media estimada de entrenamiento (grupo A: 70 ± 22 W; grupo B: 35 ± 10 W) y trabajo total desarrollado (grupo A: 8.050 ± 2.882 kJ; grupo B: 4.044 ± 1.205 kJ). Sólo se objetivaron cambios en el patrón ventilatorio durante el ejercicio realizado durante la prueba de esfuerzo en el grupo A, que no se mantuvieron a los 12 meses de finalizado el programa.</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">El entrenamiento intenso produce cambios en el patrón ventilatorio de los pacientes con EPOC grave que son inespecíficos de la tarea e independientes de la producción de lactato, y que no se mantienen a largo plazo.</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "REFERENCES" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:20 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib1" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Exercise capacity and ventilatory, circulatory, and symptom limitation in patients with chronic airflow limitation" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "KJ Killian" 1 => "P Leblanc" 2 => "DH Martin" 3 => "E Summers" 4 => "NL Jones" 5 => "EJM Campbell" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm/146.4.935" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis" "fecha" => "1992" "volumen" => "146" "paginaInicial" => "935" "paginaFinal" => "940" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1416421" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib2" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Clinical evaluation of exertional dyspnea" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "DA Mahler" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:5 [ "paginaInicial" => "259" "paginaFinal" => "269" "serieVolumen" => "Vol. 15" "serieTitulo" => "Clinics in chest medicine" "serieFecha" => "1994" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib3" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Effect of dynamic airway compression on breathing pattern and respiratory sensation in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "DE O'Donnell" 1 => "R Sanii" 2 => "NR Anthonisen" 3 => "M Younes" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis" "fecha" => "1987" "volumen" => "135" "paginaInicial" => "912" "paginaFinal" => "918" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3565938" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib4" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Inspiratory capacity, dynamic hyperinflation, breathlessness, and exercise performance during the 6-minutes-walk test in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "JM Marín" 1 => "SJ Carrizo" 2 => "M Gascón" 3 => "A Sánchez" 4 => "B Gallego" 5 => "BR Celli" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.163.6.2003172" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "163" "paginaInicial" => "1395" "paginaFinal" => "1399" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11371407" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib5" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Exertional breathlessness in patients with chronic airflow limitation. 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| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 5 | 4 | 9 |
| 2024 October | 34 | 29 | 63 |
| 2024 September | 27 | 16 | 43 |
| 2024 August | 52 | 41 | 93 |
| 2024 July | 20 | 21 | 41 |
| 2024 June | 27 | 20 | 47 |
| 2024 May | 31 | 24 | 55 |
| 2024 April | 12 | 25 | 37 |
| 2024 March | 23 | 16 | 39 |
| 2024 February | 18 | 19 | 37 |
| 2023 March | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2023 February | 12 | 29 | 41 |
| 2023 January | 17 | 22 | 39 |
| 2022 December | 17 | 31 | 48 |
| 2022 November | 15 | 15 | 30 |
| 2022 October | 16 | 35 | 51 |
| 2022 September | 14 | 26 | 40 |
| 2022 August | 17 | 31 | 48 |
| 2022 July | 20 | 42 | 62 |
| 2022 June | 11 | 25 | 36 |
| 2022 May | 19 | 33 | 52 |
| 2022 April | 13 | 29 | 42 |
| 2022 March | 18 | 44 | 62 |
| 2022 February | 17 | 38 | 55 |
| 2022 January | 14 | 30 | 44 |
| 2021 December | 17 | 48 | 65 |
| 2021 November | 23 | 51 | 74 |
| 2021 October | 24 | 43 | 67 |
| 2021 September | 13 | 43 | 56 |
| 2021 August | 11 | 31 | 42 |
| 2021 July | 9 | 25 | 34 |
| 2021 June | 17 | 32 | 49 |
| 2021 May | 11 | 36 | 47 |
| 2021 April | 19 | 66 | 85 |
| 2021 March | 20 | 19 | 39 |
| 2021 February | 15 | 23 | 38 |
| 2021 January | 6 | 12 | 18 |
| 2020 December | 11 | 14 | 25 |
| 2020 November | 5 | 11 | 16 |
| 2020 October | 14 | 15 | 29 |
| 2020 September | 10 | 9 | 19 |
| 2020 August | 7 | 17 | 24 |
| 2020 July | 8 | 17 | 25 |
| 2020 June | 9 | 4 | 13 |
| 2020 May | 17 | 19 | 36 |
| 2020 April | 16 | 21 | 37 |
| 2020 March | 11 | 16 | 27 |
| 2020 February | 14 | 14 | 28 |
| 2020 January | 10 | 13 | 23 |
| 2019 December | 19 | 15 | 34 |
| 2019 November | 12 | 20 | 32 |
| 2019 October | 6 | 8 | 14 |
| 2019 September | 8 | 10 | 18 |
| 2019 August | 15 | 8 | 23 |
| 2019 July | 18 | 22 | 40 |
| 2019 June | 14 | 9 | 23 |
| 2019 May | 11 | 7 | 18 |
| 2019 April | 16 | 19 | 35 |
| 2019 March | 10 | 17 | 27 |
| 2019 February | 12 | 13 | 25 |
| 2019 January | 4 | 10 | 14 |
| 2018 December | 8 | 14 | 22 |
| 2018 November | 19 | 19 | 38 |
| 2018 October | 19 | 14 | 33 |
| 2018 September | 9 | 10 | 19 |
| 2018 May | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2018 April | 5 | 7 | 12 |
| 2018 March | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2018 February | 6 | 5 | 11 |
| 2018 January | 10 | 7 | 17 |
| 2017 December | 6 | 3 | 9 |
| 2017 November | 4 | 5 | 9 |
| 2017 October | 7 | 9 | 16 |
| 2017 September | 4 | 3 | 7 |
| 2017 August | 6 | 6 | 12 |
| 2017 July | 3 | 4 | 7 |
| 2017 June | 9 | 17 | 26 |
| 2017 May | 7 | 6 | 13 |
| 2017 April | 5 | 3 | 8 |
| 2017 March | 1 | 6 | 7 |
| 2017 February | 2 | 2 | 4 |
| 2017 January | 4 | 7 | 11 |
| 2016 December | 14 | 8 | 22 |
| 2016 November | 22 | 17 | 39 |
| 2016 October | 17 | 7 | 24 |
| 2016 September | 19 | 10 | 29 |
| 2016 August | 9 | 3 | 12 |
| 2016 July | 8 | 5 | 13 |
| 2016 March | 3 | 0 | 3 |
| 2015 December | 2 | 0 | 2 |
| 2015 November | 1 | 1 | 2 |
| 2015 October | 38 | 1 | 39 |
| 2015 September | 42 | 18 | 60 |
| 2015 August | 29 | 12 | 41 |
| 2015 July | 28 | 16 | 44 |
| 2015 June | 34 | 13 | 47 |
| 2015 May | 50 | 19 | 69 |
| 2015 April | 26 | 12 | 38 |
| 2015 March | 37 | 12 | 49 |
| 2015 February | 34 | 8 | 42 |
| 2015 January | 41 | 14 | 55 |
| 2014 December | 28 | 16 | 44 |
| 2014 November | 45 | 20 | 65 |
| 2014 October | 47 | 26 | 73 |
| 2014 September | 27 | 16 | 43 |
| 2014 August | 23 | 12 | 35 |
| 2014 July | 29 | 15 | 44 |
| 2014 June | 58 | 14 | 72 |
| 2014 May | 56 | 16 | 72 |
| 2014 April | 76 | 8 | 84 |
| 2014 March | 72 | 12 | 84 |
| 2014 February | 54 | 10 | 64 |
| 2014 January | 44 | 11 | 55 |
| 2013 December | 38 | 17 | 55 |
| 2013 November | 41 | 4 | 45 |
| 2013 October | 42 | 16 | 58 |
| 2013 September | 34 | 23 | 57 |
| 2013 August | 40 | 21 | 61 |
| 2013 July | 46 | 19 | 65 |
| 2013 June | 37 | 22 | 59 |
| 2013 May | 25 | 8 | 33 |
| 2013 April | 16 | 9 | 25 |
| 2013 March | 7 | 2 | 9 |
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