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manejo en la unidad de cuidados intensivos&#44; el paciente present&#243; evoluci&#243;n cl&#237;nica y radiol&#243;gica muy favorable con desaparici&#243;n de la fiebre al tercer d&#237;a&#44; mejor&#237;a de la insuficiencia respiratoria y resoluci&#243;n del infiltrado radiol&#243;gico&#46; Al alta se paut&#243; tratamiento con cefalosporina de tercera generaci&#243;n &#40;cefixima&#41; durante una semana&#46; En la TC toracoabdominal de control a los 11 d&#237;as del alta se objetiv&#243; disminuci&#243;n de la afectaci&#243;n neum&#243;nica inferior derecha&#44; alguna peque&#241;a imagen residual en el trayecto de la f&#237;stula y disminuci&#243;n del tama&#241;o de la colecci&#243;n subfr&#233;nica &#40;6&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;67<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las f&#237;stulas biliobronquiales pueden ser cong&#233;nitas o adquiridas&#46; Estas &#250;ltimas a su vez pueden ser por 3 mecanismos&#58;<ul class="elsevierStyleList" id="lis0005"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0005"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">1&#46;</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La f&#237;stula por trauma&#44; que es la m&#225;s frecuente y se produce por heridas que atraviesan el pulm&#243;n&#44; diafragma e h&#237;gado&#46; En esta categor&#237;a tambi&#233;n se incluir&#237;a la cirug&#237;a de la v&#237;a biliar&#44; sobre todo en intervenciones laparosc&#243;picas&#46; En nuestro caso cl&#237;nico la f&#237;stula es una complicaci&#243;n secundaria a la cirug&#237;a hep&#225;tica previa&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0010"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">2&#46;</span><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La f&#237;stula por patolog&#237;a hep&#225;tica&#59; las causas m&#225;s comunes son el quiste hidat&#237;dico y el absceso hep&#225;tico amebiano&#46;</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem" id="lsti0015"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">3&#46;</span><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La f&#237;stula debida a obstrucci&#243;n de la v&#237;a biliar&#46;</p></li></ul></p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para el diagn&#243;stico de las f&#237;stulas biliobronquiales est&#225;n indicadas la colangiograf&#237;a transhep&#225;tica percut&#225;nea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#44; broncoscopia&#44; reconstrucci&#243;n tridimensional de tomograf&#237;a computarizada<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5</span></a> y colangiocentellograf&#237;a<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; La resonancia magn&#233;tica con contraste agrega informaci&#243;n funcional&#46; No hay un consenso en el manejo terap&#233;utico de estas f&#237;stulas&#59; revisando la literatura se sugiere reservar el manejo quir&#250;rgico para las f&#237;stulas que no responden al tratamiento conservador y&#47;o f&#237;stulas complicadas&#46;</p></span>"
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Carta científica
Fístula biliobronquial, una complicación tardía de la cirugía hepática
Bronchobiliary Fistula, a Late Complication of Liver Surgery
Mario Miranda García
Corresponding author
mariomiranda7@hotmail.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, Alí Martakoush María, María Cobos Briz
Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital Universitario HM Puerta del Sur, Móstoles, Madrid, España
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Como antecedentes destacan adenocarcinoma de sigma con met&#225;stasis hep&#225;ticas&#44; por lo que se paut&#243; quimioterapia neoadyuvante con irinotec&#225;n y cetuximab&#46; Posteriormente se realiz&#243; embolizaci&#243;n portal y resecci&#243;n quir&#250;rgica de met&#225;stasis hep&#225;ticas &#40;hepatectom&#237;a derecha&#44; resecci&#243;n de segmento 4<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>A y l&#243;bulo izquierdo&#41; colecistectom&#237;a y esplenectom&#237;a&#46; Recibi&#243; tratamiento con cetuximab en monoterapia hasta que se le realiz&#243; sigmoidectom&#237;a con anastomosis colorrectal 8 meses antes de que viniese a urgencias&#46; En este momento la neoplasia de sigma est&#225; en remisi&#243;n &#40;CEA 3&#44;9<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ng&#47;ml&#41; y el paciente est&#225; en tratamiento con cetuximab cada 15 d&#237;as&#46; En la exploraci&#243;n f&#237;sica se objetiva tensi&#243;n arterial 130&#47;80<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mmHg&#44; frecuencia cardiaca 115<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>lpm&#44; temperatura 37&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#176;C y saturaci&#243;n de ox&#237;geno 89&#37;&#46; Mal estado general&#44; ictericia conjuntival&#44; disminuci&#243;n del murmullo vesicular en campo derecho con crepitantes y hepatomegalia de 2 traveses de dedo&#46; En anal&#237;tica destaca notable leucocitosis &#40;25&#46;790&#47;&#956;l&#41; con neutrofilia &#40;80&#37;&#41;&#46; Se realiza radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax en la que destaca la presencia de una condensaci&#243;n en el l&#243;bulo inferior derecho&#46; Ante la sospecha de probable f&#237;stula biliopulmonar como complicaci&#243;n tard&#237;a de cirug&#237;a hep&#225;tica se solicita TC toracoabdominal en la que se objetiva afectaci&#243;n parenquimatosa en el l&#243;bulo inferior derecho por f&#237;stula pulmonar inferior derecha-subfr&#233;nico-hepatobiliar&#46; Tanto en la TC como en la colangiorresonancia magn&#233;tica nuclear se muestra gran colecci&#243;n desde el hemit&#243;rax derecho hasta regi&#243;n subhep&#225;tica con extensi&#243;n cr&#225;neo caudal total de 16<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#46; Est&#225; conformada por una colecci&#243;n subfr&#233;nica &#40;7&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>12<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#41; multitabicada que se conecta con una colecci&#243;n subhep&#225;tica de 4&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm &#40;bilioma&#41; &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>&#41;&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se inicia antibioterapia emp&#237;rica de amplio espectro con meropenem durante 12 d&#237;as&#46; Se realiza colangiograf&#237;a percut&#225;nea&#44; coloc&#225;ndose doble drenaje biliar percut&#225;neo externo de segmentos <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span> y <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">III</span> sin incidencias&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aunque inicialmente precis&#243; manejo en la unidad de cuidados intensivos&#44; el paciente present&#243; evoluci&#243;n cl&#237;nica y radiol&#243;gica muy favorable con desaparici&#243;n de la fiebre al tercer d&#237;a&#44; mejor&#237;a de la insuficiencia respiratoria y resoluci&#243;n del infiltrado radiol&#243;gico&#46; Al alta se paut&#243; tratamiento con cefalosporina de tercera generaci&#243;n &#40;cefixima&#41; durante una semana&#46; En la TC toracoabdominal de control a los 11 d&#237;as del alta se objetiv&#243; disminuci&#243;n de la afectaci&#243;n neum&#243;nica inferior derecha&#44; alguna peque&#241;a imagen residual en el trayecto de la f&#237;stula y disminuci&#243;n del tama&#241;o de la colecci&#243;n subfr&#233;nica &#40;6&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#215;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;67<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las f&#237;stulas biliobronquiales pueden ser cong&#233;nitas o adquiridas&#46; 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Article information
ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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