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por hora de registro &#40;IDN&#41;&#46; Aunque diferente del IAH&#44; el IDN deber&#237;a reflejar la gravedad del SAHS subyacente y cabr&#237;a esperar mayor prevalencia de ECV en los pacientes con SAHS m&#225;s grave&#44; pero los autores encontraron exactamente lo contrario<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> y lo explicaron especulando que los pacientes m&#225;s graves ir&#237;an antes al m&#233;dico y recibir&#237;an&#44; por tanto&#44; tratamiento m&#225;s temprano para los factores de riesgo cardiovascular&#46; Tambi&#233;n invocaron un mecanismo de &#171;precondicionamiento isqu&#233;mico&#187;&#44; seg&#250;n el cual&#44; episodios repetidos de isquemia subcl&#237;nica&#44; desencadenados por la hipoxemia nocturna&#44; llevar&#237;an a una estimulaci&#243;n angiog&#233;nica y al desarrollo de circulaci&#243;n colateral&#46; En cualquier caso&#44; este estudio muestra que estratificaci&#243;n del SHO se asocia con consecuencias cl&#237;nicas relevantes&#46; Sin embargo&#44; no se diferenciaron pacientes con y sin SAHS&#44; que podr&#237;an constituir fenotipos diferentes&#46; Esto s&#237; se hizo en el estudio retrospectivo de Ojeda et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> que&#44; contradiciendo lo publicado&#44; encontraron m&#225;s pacientes con SHO sin SAHS &#40;SHO-noSAHS&#41; que con SAHS asociado&#46; Este estudio no mostr&#243; diferencias de mortalidad en ambos grupos &#40;cerca del 28&#37; a los 5 a&#241;os&#41;&#44; con cierta tendencia a mejor supervivencia en el SHO asociado a SAHS &#40;SHO-SAHS&#41;&#46; Se critic&#243; que no se mostrasen las comorbilidades cardiovasculares en ambos grupos antes y despu&#233;s del tratamiento&#44; ya que ello podr&#237;a explicar la mejor &#8212;no significativa&#8212; supervivencia del grupo SHO-SAHS&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nosotros dise&#241;amos un estudio retrospectivo para comparar el pron&#243;stico del SHO-SAHS y SHO-noSAHS &#40;aprobado por el Comit&#233; &#201;tico de Galicia&#58; Reg&#46; n&#46;&#176; 2017&#47;079&#41;&#44; revisando las historias de los 124 pacientes diagnosticados de SHO desde el a&#241;o 1995 hasta el a&#241;o 2017 de acuerdo con un criterio restrictivo&#58; insuficiencia respiratoria global al diagn&#243;stico y pH<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#44;34&#46; Los pacientes fueron apareados 1&#58;2 por fecha de diagn&#243;stico<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 a&#241;os&#44; sexo y una franja de edad de<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10 a&#241;os&#46; Se incluyeron&#44; finalmente&#44; 11 pacientes con SHO-noSAHS &#40;IAH<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#41; y 22 con SHO-SAHS&#46; Basalmente no hubo diferencias significativas entre pacientes con SHO-noSAHS y SHO-SAHS en la edad media &#40;67 vs 68&#44;5 a&#241;os&#59; 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p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;25&#41; o PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> inicial &#40;54&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg vs 60&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38&#41;&#46; Obviamente&#44; el IAH fue mayor en pacientes con SHO-SAHS que en SHO-noSAHS &#40;4 vs 30&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; y tambi&#233;n lo fue el &#237;ndice de saturaciones<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#37; por hora de registro nocturno &#40;14 vs 41&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41;&#46; No hubo diferencias en el tiempo transcurrido con SaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span><span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>90&#37; &#40;95&#44;5&#37; vs 89&#37;&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;162&#41;&#46; Tampoco encontramos diferencias significativas en la prevalencia de HTA &#40;72&#44;7&#37; en SHO-no SAHS vs 95&#44;4&#37; en SHO-SAHS&#41;&#44; diabetes &#40;27&#44;2&#37; vs 36&#44;3&#37;&#41;&#44; dislipidemia &#40;38&#44;3&#37; vs 50&#37;&#41;&#44; tabaquismo &#40;9&#44;1&#37; vs 13&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; cardiopat&#237;a isqu&#233;mica &#40;9&#44;1&#37; vs 13&#44;6&#37;&#41;&#44; insuficiencia cardiaca &#40;9&#44;1&#37; vs 22&#44;7&#37;&#41;&#44; arritmias &#40;0&#37; vs 31&#44;8&#37;&#41;&#44; accidentes cerebrovasculares &#40;0&#37; vs 4&#44;55&#37;&#41; y ateromatosis &#40;0&#37; vs 4&#44;5&#37;&#41; en el momento del diagn&#243;stico&#44; aunque hab&#237;a m&#225;s antecedentes de ECV en el grupo SHO-SAHS y es posible que se hubiera alcanzado la significaci&#243;n estad&#237;stica con una mayor muestra&#46; El tiempo de seguimiento medio fue de 5&#44;4 a&#241;os<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;5 a&#241;os&#46; Todos los pacientes del grupo con SHO-noSAHS fueron tratados con ventilaci&#243;n mec&#225;nica no invasiva &#40;BiPAP&#44; con ox&#237;geno adicional en 7&#47;11 casos&#41;&#44; y tambi&#233;n la mayor&#237;a de los pacientes SHO-SAHS &#40;BiPAP inicialmente en todos&#44; despu&#233;s de titulaci&#243;n&#58; BiPAP en 16&#47;22&#44; con ox&#237;geno adicional en 15 de ellos y CPAP en 6 casos&#41;&#46; No hubo diferencias significativas entre SHO-noSAHS y SHO-SAHS en la &#250;ltima determinaci&#243;n de los gases arteriales&#58; PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; 65<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg vs y 72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg respectivamente &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;10&#41;&#59; PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; 44&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg vs 43&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;328&#41;&#46; La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a> ilustra que no hubo diferencias significativas en mortalidad y eventos cardiovasculares durante el seguimiento&#44; pero s&#237; una clara tendencia a mayor incidencia de ambas en el grupo SHO-SAHS&#46; Las causas de muerte fueron ECV &#40;6 en SHO-SAHS&#41;&#44; c&#225;ncer &#40;uno en SHO-noSAHS y 2 en SHO-SAHS&#41; y sepsis &#40;uno en SHO-SAHS&#41;&#46; Las principales limitaciones de este estudio son su car&#225;cter retrospectivo y el peque&#241;o tama&#241;o de la muestra &#40;aunque todas las grandes series reflejan la dificultad de encontrar pacientes con SHO-noSAHS&#44; por lo que 11 pacientes son una muestra estimable&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;10&#8211;12</span></a>&#46; Quiz&#225;s con una muestra mayor&#44; dada la tendencia de los resultados hallados&#44; podr&#237;an haberse demostrado diferencias significativas en mortalidad y eventos de ECV&#44; lo que podr&#237;a ser explicado por mayor comorbilidades cardiovasculares en SHO-SAHS&#44; dado que ning&#250;n paciente falleci&#243; por fallo respiratorio&#46; Estos resultados discrepan abiertamente de los publicados por Masa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> y por Ojeda<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&#44; aunque tienen sentido si consideramos que el SAHS&#44; por s&#237; mismo&#44; se asocia con una significativa disfunci&#243;n endotelial&#44; ECV y mayor riesgo de mortalidad por este motivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#8211;15</span></a>&#46; En cualquier caso&#44; el SHO-SAHS y el SHO-noSAHS parecen 2 fenotipos diferentes de la enfermedad y solo un estudio prospectivo multic&#233;ntrico y posiblemente internacional &#40;por la aludida dificultad para reclutar pacientes no-SAHS&#41; podr&#225; aclarar en qu&#233; 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                      "titulo" => "Obesity hypoventilation syndrome&#46; What&#39;s in a name&#63;"
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                      "titulo" => "Obesity-hypoventilation syndrome&#44; the name game continues"
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                0 => array:3 [
                  "comentario" => "e0117808"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Obesity-hypoventilation syndrome&#58; Increased risk of death over sleep apnea syndrome"
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                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "O&#46; Castro-A&#241;&#243;n"
                            1 => "L&#46;A&#46; P&#233;rez de Llano"
                            2 => "S&#46; de la Fuente S&#225;nchez"
                            3 => "R&#46; Golpe"
                            4 => "L&#46; M&#233;ndez Marote"
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                        "fecha" => "2015"
                        "volumen" => "10"
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                  "contribucion" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Comparison of clinical characteristics in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome and obese obstructive sleep apnea syndrome&#58; A case-control study"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
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                        "volumen" => "8"
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                      "titulo" => "Long-term outcome of noninvasive positive pressure ventilation for obesity hypoventilation syndrome"
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                            3 => "N&#46; Meslier"
                            4 => "J&#46;L&#46; Racineux"
                            5 => "T&#46; Urban"
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                        "fecha" => "2010"
                        "volumen" => "138"
                        "paginaInicial" => "84"
                        "paginaFinal" => "90"
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                            4 => "M&#46;H&#46; Kryger"
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                      "titulo" => "Protective cardiovascular effect of sleep apnea severity in obesity hypoventilation syndrome"
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                            3 => "C&#46; Caballero"
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                            5 => "M&#46;L&#46; Alonso-&#193;lvarez"
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                        "volumen" => "150"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Noninvasive mechanical ventilation in patients with obesity hypoventilation syndrome&#44; long-term outcome and prognostic factors"
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                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "E&#46; Ojeda Castillejo"
                            1 => "P&#46; de Lucas Ramos"
                            2 => "S&#46; L&#243;pez Martin"
                            3 => "P&#46; Resano Barrios"
                            4 => "P&#46; Rodr&#237;guez Rodr&#237;guez"
                            5 => "L&#46; Mor&#225;n Caicedo"
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Pronóstico del síndrome de hipoventilación-obesidad con y sin síndrome de apnea obstructiva asociado
Prognosis of Obesity Hypoventilation Syndrome With and Without Concomitant Obstructive Sleep Apnea Syndrome
Ana Rodriguez Alvarez, Lidia Méndez Marote, Olalla Castro Añón, Rafael Golpe Gómez, Luis Alejandro Pérez de Llano
Corresponding author
eremos26@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Lucus Augusti, Lugo, España
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El s&#237;ndrome de hipoventilaci&#243;n-obesidad &#40;SHO&#41; es una entidad cl&#237;nica caracterizada por la coexistencia de obesidad e hipercapnia en vigilia&#44; pero la falta de una definici&#243;n universalmente aceptada de este proceso genera confusi&#243;n&#44; ya que bajo el mismo concepto se agrupan pacientes con diferente gravedad y formas asociadas &#8212;o no&#8212; a s&#237;ndrome de apnea-hipopnea durante el sue&#241;o &#40;SAHS&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0080"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#8211;3</span></a>&#46; Cabrera et al&#46; propusieron una estratificaci&#243;n de gravedad del SHO en funci&#243;n de las cifras diurnas de PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#44; del &#237;ndice de apnea-hipopnea &#40;IAH&#41;&#44; del &#237;ndice de masa corporal y comorbilidades&#44; pero no se ha comprobado que ello se asocie con diferencias en el pron&#243;stico&#46; En un estudio previo nuestro grupo hall&#243; una mortalidad en 5 a&#241;os del 15&#44;5&#37; en pacientes con una forma grave de SHO &#40;aquella que comienza con insuficiencia respiratoria global&#41; y un riesgo de fallecer 2 veces superior al de pacientes con SAHS y sin hipoventilaci&#243;n diurna<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#46; La principal causa de muerte eran las enfermedades cardiovasculares &#40;ECV&#41;&#44; hecho concordante con lo observado en otros estudios<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#8211;7</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Masa et al&#46; clasificaron a los pacientes con SHO en terciles de acuerdo con el n&#250;mero de desaturaciones<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#37; por hora de registro &#40;IDN&#41;&#46; Aunque diferente del IAH&#44; el IDN deber&#237;a reflejar la gravedad del SAHS subyacente y cabr&#237;a esperar mayor prevalencia de ECV en los pacientes con SAHS m&#225;s grave&#44; pero los autores encontraron exactamente lo contrario<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> y lo explicaron especulando que los pacientes m&#225;s graves ir&#237;an antes al m&#233;dico y recibir&#237;an&#44; por tanto&#44; tratamiento m&#225;s temprano para los factores de riesgo cardiovascular&#46; Tambi&#233;n invocaron un mecanismo de &#171;precondicionamiento isqu&#233;mico&#187;&#44; seg&#250;n el cual&#44; episodios repetidos de isquemia subcl&#237;nica&#44; desencadenados por la hipoxemia nocturna&#44; llevar&#237;an a una estimulaci&#243;n angiog&#233;nica y al desarrollo de circulaci&#243;n colateral&#46; En cualquier caso&#44; este estudio muestra que estratificaci&#243;n del SHO se asocia con consecuencias cl&#237;nicas relevantes&#46; Sin embargo&#44; no se diferenciaron pacientes con y sin SAHS&#44; que podr&#237;an constituir fenotipos diferentes&#46; Esto s&#237; se hizo en el estudio retrospectivo de Ojeda et al&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> que&#44; contradiciendo lo publicado&#44; encontraron m&#225;s pacientes con SHO sin SAHS &#40;SHO-noSAHS&#41; que con SAHS asociado&#46; Este estudio no mostr&#243; diferencias de mortalidad en ambos grupos &#40;cerca del 28&#37; a los 5 a&#241;os&#41;&#44; con cierta tendencia a mejor supervivencia en el SHO asociado a SAHS &#40;SHO-SAHS&#41;&#46; Se critic&#243; que no se mostrasen las comorbilidades cardiovasculares en ambos grupos antes y despu&#233;s del tratamiento&#44; ya que ello podr&#237;a explicar la mejor &#8212;no significativa&#8212; supervivencia del grupo SHO-SAHS&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Nosotros dise&#241;amos un estudio retrospectivo para comparar el pron&#243;stico del SHO-SAHS y SHO-noSAHS &#40;aprobado por el Comit&#233; &#201;tico de Galicia&#58; Reg&#46; n&#46;&#176; 2017&#47;079&#41;&#44; revisando las historias de los 124 pacientes diagnosticados de SHO desde el a&#241;o 1995 hasta el a&#241;o 2017 de acuerdo con un criterio restrictivo&#58; insuficiencia respiratoria global al diagn&#243;stico y pH<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>7&#44;34&#46; Los pacientes fueron apareados 1&#58;2 por fecha de diagn&#243;stico<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3 a&#241;os&#44; sexo y una franja de edad de<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>10 a&#241;os&#46; Se incluyeron&#44; finalmente&#44; 11 pacientes con SHO-noSAHS &#40;IAH<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>5&#41; y 22 con SHO-SAHS&#46; Basalmente no hubo diferencias significativas entre pacientes con SHO-noSAHS y SHO-SAHS en la edad media &#40;67 vs 68&#44;5 a&#241;os&#59; 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p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;25&#41; o PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span> inicial &#40;54&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#44;1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg vs 60&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>13&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;38&#41;&#46; Obviamente&#44; el IAH fue mayor en pacientes con SHO-SAHS que en SHO-noSAHS &#40;4 vs 30&#59; p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#60;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;001&#41; y tambi&#233;n lo fue el &#237;ndice de saturaciones<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#8805;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>4&#37; 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accidentes cerebrovasculares &#40;0&#37; vs 4&#44;55&#37;&#41; y ateromatosis &#40;0&#37; vs 4&#44;5&#37;&#41; en el momento del diagn&#243;stico&#44; aunque hab&#237;a m&#225;s antecedentes de ECV en el grupo SHO-SAHS y es posible que se hubiera alcanzado la significaci&#243;n estad&#237;stica con una mayor muestra&#46; El tiempo de seguimiento medio fue de 5&#44;4 a&#241;os<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>1&#44;5 a&#241;os&#46; Todos los pacientes del grupo con SHO-noSAHS fueron tratados con ventilaci&#243;n mec&#225;nica no invasiva &#40;BiPAP&#44; con ox&#237;geno adicional en 7&#47;11 casos&#41;&#44; y tambi&#233;n la mayor&#237;a de los pacientes SHO-SAHS &#40;BiPAP inicialmente en todos&#44; despu&#233;s de titulaci&#243;n&#58; BiPAP en 16&#47;22&#44; con ox&#237;geno adicional en 15 de ellos y CPAP en 6 casos&#41;&#46; No hubo diferencias significativas entre SHO-noSAHS y SHO-SAHS en la &#250;ltima determinaci&#243;n de los gases arteriales&#58; PaO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; 65<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>9&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg vs y 72<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>11&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg respectivamente &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;10&#41;&#59; PaCO<span class="elsevierStyleInf">2</span>&#58; 44&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>2&#44;5<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg vs 43&#44;2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#177;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>3&#44;3<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Hg &#40;p<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>0&#44;328&#41;&#46; La <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a> ilustra que no hubo diferencias significativas en mortalidad y eventos cardiovasculares durante el seguimiento&#44; pero s&#237; una clara tendencia a mayor incidencia de ambas en el grupo SHO-SAHS&#46; Las causas de muerte fueron ECV &#40;6 en SHO-SAHS&#41;&#44; c&#225;ncer &#40;uno en SHO-noSAHS y 2 en SHO-SAHS&#41; y sepsis &#40;uno en SHO-SAHS&#41;&#46; Las principales limitaciones de este estudio son su car&#225;cter retrospectivo y el peque&#241;o tama&#241;o de la muestra &#40;aunque todas las grandes series reflejan la dificultad de encontrar pacientes con SHO-noSAHS&#44; por lo que 11 pacientes son una muestra estimable&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;10&#8211;12</span></a>&#46; Quiz&#225;s con una muestra mayor&#44; dada la tendencia de los resultados hallados&#44; podr&#237;an haberse demostrado diferencias significativas en mortalidad y eventos de ECV&#44; lo que podr&#237;a ser explicado por mayor comorbilidades cardiovasculares en SHO-SAHS&#44; dado que ning&#250;n paciente falleci&#243; por fallo respiratorio&#46; Estos resultados discrepan abiertamente de los publicados por Masa<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0115"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> y por Ojeda<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0120"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&#44; aunque tienen sentido si consideramos que el SAHS&#44; por s&#237; mismo&#44; se asocia con una significativa disfunci&#243;n endotelial&#44; ECV y mayor riesgo de mortalidad por este motivo<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0140"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">13&#8211;15</span></a>&#46; En cualquier caso&#44; el SHO-SAHS y el SHO-noSAHS parecen 2 fenotipos diferentes de la enfermedad y solo un estudio prospectivo multic&#233;ntrico y posiblemente internacional &#40;por la aludida dificultad para reclutar pacientes no-SAHS&#41; podr&#225; aclarar en qu&#233; 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ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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