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Chagas Disease: An Important Cause of Megaesophagus in Latin America
La enfermedad de Chagas: una causa importante del megaesófago en América Latina
Edson Marchioria,
Corresponding author
edmarchiori@gmail.com

Corresponding author.
, Bruno Hochheggerb, Gláucia Zanettia
a Department of Radiology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
b Irmandade Santa Casa de Misericórdia de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We report the case of a 75-year-old Brazilian woman who presented with weight loss&#44; dyspnea&#44; cough&#44; and recurring pneumonia&#46; She had a 15-year history of dysphagia&#46; A chest radiograph showed mediastinal widening with an air-fluid level&#44; compatible with megaesophagus &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41;&#46; Computed tomography of the thorax revealed marked esophageal dilatation&#44; with intraluminal content interpreted as food stasis &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">Fig&#46; 1</a>B&#8211;D&#41;&#46; A diagnosis of Chagas disease &#40;CD&#41; was made based on positive serological test results&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">CD &#40;American trypanosomiasis&#41; is caused by <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Trypanosoma cruzi</span>&#44; a flagellated protozoan that is transmitted to humans by triatomine insects&#46; CD is common in Latin America&#46; It has been reported from all countries in the Americas except Canada&#46; The chronic form of CD develops some decades after initial infection&#44; causing irreversible damage to the heart&#44; esophagus&#44; and colon&#44; with megaesophagus and megacolon&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a> The esophageal manifestations of CD are very similar to those of idiopathic achalasia&#46; The dilated esophagus is usually apparent radiographically as a shadow projecting to the right of the mediastinum&#46; An air-fluid level may be observed in the dilated esophagus&#46; The final diagnosis of CD in the chronic phase is based on serological tests&#46; Surgery is currently the best form of treatment&#46;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;2</span></a></p></span>"
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                          "autores" => array:6 [
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                            3 => "E&#46;L&#46; Artifon"
                            4 => "P&#46; Sakai"
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                      "doi" => "10.1111/j.1442-2050.2008.00811.x"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Dis Esophagus"
                        "fecha" => "2008"
                        "volumen" => "21"
                        "paginaInicial" => "461"
                        "paginaFinal" => "467"
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                            "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18430188"
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                      "titulo" => "Chagas disease"
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                        0 => array:2 [
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                          "autores" => array:3 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Rassi Jr&#46;"
                            1 => "A&#46; Rassi"
                            2 => "J&#46;A&#46; Marin-Neto"
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                      "doi" => "10.1016/S0140-6736(10)60061-X"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "Lancet"
                        "fecha" => "2010"
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Article information
ISSN: 03002896
Original language: English
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