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ante el elevado riesgo quir&#250;rgico por su enfermedad parenquimatosa&#44; practic&#225;ndose fibrobroncoscopia flexible &#40;FF&#41; el d&#237;a 21 de ingreso mediante sedaci&#243;n profunda &#40;paciente en posici&#243;n semi-sentado con DET de 24G en hemit&#243;rax derecho con sello de agua que permit&#237;a objetivar la ausencia&#47;presencia de FA&#41;&#44; sin encontrar alteraciones endosc&#243;picas en el &#225;rbol bronquial derecho&#46; Se accedi&#243; al bronquio subsegmentario &#40;BS&#41; lateral del bronquio correspondiente al l&#243;bulo medio &#40;origen sugestivo de localizaci&#243;n&#44; tras estudio detallado de la tomograf&#237;a axial computarizada &#91;TAC&#93;&#41;&#44; procediendo mediante cat&#233;ter Fogarty<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> al colapso completo de dicho BS&#44; revelando ausencia de FA&#46; Se procedi&#243; a la instilaci&#243;n de 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml de cianoacrilato endobronquial guiado por cat&#233;ter telescopado&#44; 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Carta al Director
Tratamiento endoscópico con cianoacrilato de fuga aérea persistente por fistula bronco-pleural en paciente con fibrosis pulmonar idiopática
Endoscopic Cyanoacrylate for Persistent Air Leak from A Bronchopleural Fistula in A Patient with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis
Blanca de Vega Sánchez
Corresponding author
blancadevegasanchez@gmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, Vicente Roig Figueroa
Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Clínico Universitario Valladolid, Valladolid, España
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La fibrosis pulmonar idiop&#225;tica &#40;FPI&#41; es una neumon&#237;a intersticial fibrosante cr&#243;nica&#44; de causa desconocida&#44; con patr&#243;n radiol&#243;gico&#47;histol&#243;gico de neumon&#237;a intersticial usual &#40;NIU&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; con una incidencia de neumot&#243;rax del 12&#37;&#44; que puede presentarse combinada con enfisema centrolobulillar y paraseptal en l&#243;bulos superiores<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Las f&#237;stulas broncopleurales &#40;FB&#41;&#44; comunicaciones entre el espacio pleural y el &#225;rbol bronquial pueden originarse por alteraciones pleuroparenquimatosas previas&#44; y suponen un reto terap&#233;utico con gran morbilidad&#44; donde prima la individualizaci&#243;n del tratamiento<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Presentamos el caso de un var&#243;n de 67 a&#241;os con antecedentes de hidroneumot&#243;rax secundario a contusi&#243;n pulmonar y neumot&#243;rax &#40;N&#41; espont&#225;neo&#44; diagnosticado de FPI&#44; &#40;subtipo s&#237;ndrome combinado fibrosis&#47;enfisema&#41; seg&#250;n criterios cl&#237;nico-radiol&#243;gico-funcionales ATS&#47;ERS 2011<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; tratado con pirfenidona&#46; Consulta por cl&#237;nica de dolor tor&#225;cico&#44; disnea brusca&#44; con uso de m&#250;sculos respiratorios accesorios&#44; abolici&#243;n del murmullo vesicular en hemit&#243;rax derecho y radiograf&#237;a compatible con N a tensi&#243;n &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41;&#46; Tras la colocaci&#243;n de drenaje endotor&#225;cico &#40;DET&#41; es trasladado a planta de hospitalizaci&#243;n&#44; objetiv&#225;ndose c&#225;mara pleural con fuga a&#233;rea &#40;FA&#41; persistente&#44; a pesar de DET en 3 ocasiones &#40;2 de ellos calibre fino&#44; &#8212;8 y 10 F&#8212; y otro grueso &#8212;24 F&#8212;&#41;&#44; sin resoluci&#243;n del N&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Se desestima la cirug&#237;a&#44; ante el elevado riesgo quir&#250;rgico por su enfermedad parenquimatosa&#44; practic&#225;ndose fibrobroncoscopia flexible &#40;FF&#41; el d&#237;a 21 de ingreso mediante sedaci&#243;n profunda &#40;paciente en posici&#243;n semi-sentado con DET de 24G en hemit&#243;rax derecho con sello de agua que permit&#237;a objetivar la ausencia&#47;presencia de FA&#41;&#44; sin encontrar alteraciones endosc&#243;picas en el &#225;rbol bronquial derecho&#46; Se accedi&#243; al bronquio subsegmentario &#40;BS&#41; lateral del bronquio correspondiente al l&#243;bulo medio &#40;origen sugestivo de localizaci&#243;n&#44; tras estudio detallado de la tomograf&#237;a axial computarizada &#91;TAC&#93;&#41;&#44; procediendo mediante cat&#233;ter Fogarty<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> al colapso completo de dicho BS&#44; revelando ausencia de FA&#46; Se procedi&#243; a la instilaci&#243;n de 2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>ml de cianoacrilato endobronquial guiado por cat&#233;ter telescopado&#44; sin complicaciones inmediatas&#46; Al t&#233;rmino de la FF&#44; exist&#237;a presencia de FA intermitente con progresiva desaparici&#243;n&#44; mostrando ausencia de N en la radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax realizada&#44; previa al alta hospitalaria&#44; tras 16 d&#237;as de la FF &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>B&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">No existen gu&#237;as de consenso para el tratamiento adecuado en este tipo de pacientes&#46; Se incluyen como opciones terap&#233;uticas&#59; desde procedimientos quir&#250;rgicos a la FF intervencionista con utilizaci&#243;n de diferentes pegamentos&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">coils</span> y sellantes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3&#44;4</span></a>&#46; El uso del cianoacrilato&#44; pegamento tisular ampliamente utilizado en la pr&#225;ctica m&#233;dica&#44; inicialmente condiciona un sellado de la FB&#44; induciendo en un segundo tiempo una respuesta inflamatoria condicionante de fibrosis&#44; y proliferaci&#243;n de la mucosa&#44; que condiciona un sellado permanente&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Otras opciones terap&#233;uticas barajadas en este caso incluir&#237;an&#58; el uso del nitrato de plata &#40;pegamento utilizado ampliamente en las broncoscopias r&#237;gidas para el sellado de f&#237;stulas con FA sobre el lecho quir&#250;rgico&#41;&#44; <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">spignots</span> de Watanabe<span class="elsevierStyleSup">&#174;</span> &#40;cilindros de silicona con peque&#241;as extensiones redondeadas que permiten su anclaje bronquial&#44; con infrecuente migraci&#243;n&#41; o v&#225;lvulas endobronquiales &#40;desmontables&#44; bien toleradas&#44; con pocas complicaciones conocidas y que no excluyen intervenci&#243;n quir&#250;rgica futura&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a>&#46; Actualmente la FF intervencionista plantea un tratamiento alternativo para muchas enfermedades de la v&#237;a a&#233;rea&#44; cl&#225;sicamente reservadas para el &#225;mbito de la cirug&#237;a tor&#225;cica&#46;</p></span>"
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ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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