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H en alta dosis&#44; bedaquilina &#40;Bdq&#41; y delamanid &#40;estos 2 &#250;ltimos f&#225;rmacos aprobados para su uso por 6 meses en TB XDR&#47;pre-XDR&#41;&#46; Los f&#225;rmacos de los grupos <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span> al <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">IV</span> &#40;excepto estreptomicina&#41; son considerados de segunda l&#237;nea&#44; mientras que los del grupo <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span> son denominados tambi&#233;n&#44; f&#225;rmacos de tercera l&#237;nea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los pacientes con TB-XDR y pre-XDR se tratan habitualmente con esquemas terap&#233;uticos que incluyen f&#225;rmacos del grupo <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span>&#44; ya que suelen presentar resistencias a la mayor parte del resto&#46; Por tanto&#44; las posibilidades de que un tratamiento sea eficaz en estos casos&#44; son menores&#46; En los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os se ha demostrado que el meropenem asociado a clavulanato &#40;MPC&#41; puede tener actividad antibacilar y que&#44; entre ambos f&#225;rmacos&#44; podr&#237;a existir una actividad sin&#233;rgica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#8211;6</span></a>&#46; El objetivo de este trabajo&#44; es mostrar la eficacia en cuanto a la conversi&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica del esputo de esquemas terap&#233;uticos que incluyen meropenem asociado a clavulanato&#44; en la etapa inicial del tratamiento de la TB-XDR y pre-XDR&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Metodolog&#237;a</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes internados en el servicio de aislamiento respiratorio para TB drogorresistente desde el 1&#47;1&#47;2012 al 31&#47;12&#47;2013 con diagn&#243;stico bacteriol&#243;gico de TB-XDR y pre-XDR&#44; 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cicloserina &#40;Cs&#41;&#44; etionamida &#40;Etio&#41;&#44; PAS&#44; kanamicina&#44; amikacina y capreomicina&#93;&#59; por determinaci&#243;n de CIM en medio l&#237;quido &#40;Cfz&#44; Lzd y moxifloxacina &#91;Mfx&#93;&#41;&#59; y el test de la pirazinamidasa para pirazinamida &#40;Z&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El MPC se indic&#243; de forma emp&#237;rica&#46; Los esquemas terap&#233;uticos se dise&#241;aron en base a tratamientos previos recibidos y a las pruebas de sensibilidad disponibles&#46; Los pacientes fueron seguidos con cultivos de esputo mensuales y se consider&#243; evoluci&#243;n favorable la conversi&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica &#40;2 cultivos de esputo mensuales consecutivos negativos&#41;&#44; como m&#225;ximo el primero de los 2 al finalizar el 6&#46;&#176; mes de tratamiento&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La publicaci&#243;n fue autorizada por el Comit&#233; de &#201;tica del Instituto Vaccarezza &#40;aprobaci&#243;n N&#46;&#176; 30&#47;15&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a> se indican los f&#225;rmacos empleados y su dosificaci&#243;n&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Resultados</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fueron estudiados 10 pacientes &#40;5 mujeres&#41; con edad promedio&#58; 37&#44;5 a&#241;os&#59; 5 tuvieron m&#250;ltiples tratamientos previos&#44; en tanto que 5&#44; ninguno&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Radiol&#243;gicamente&#44; todos presentaron compromiso bilateral con cavitaci&#243;n&#46; Nueve casos fueron TB pre-XDR o XDR&#44; mientras que uno recibi&#243; un complicado esquema terap&#233;utico por RA graves e interacciones medicamentosas &#40;trasplantada hep&#225;tica que contrajo TB&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#44; se muestran las caracter&#237;sticas y evoluci&#243;n de los 10 pacientes que recibieron esquemas que incluyeron MPC al final de su aplicaci&#243;n&#46; Sucintamente&#44; 8 pacientes mostraron la conversi&#243;n del cultivo de esputo al cabo del per&#237;odo de observaci&#243;n&#44; continuando tratamiento sin MPC en una segunda fase con el resto de los f&#225;rmacos hasta completar los 2 a&#241;os&#44; mientras que 2 fallecieron&#58; uno por agravamiento de su tuberculosis debido al fracaso terap&#233;utico y la segunda por insuficiencia respiratoria secundaria a la destrucci&#243;n pulmonar&#44; pese a tener una buena evoluci&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica&#46; No todos los pacientes han terminado su tratamiento a la fecha&#46; Como datos preliminares&#44; de los 8 que continuaron al final de la fase inicial de aplicaci&#243;n del MPC&#44; se puede aportar que un paciente falleci&#243; por fallo hepatorrenal no atribuible a la TB &#40;paciente trasplantada hep&#225;tica&#41;&#44; un caso fracas&#243; al tratamiento&#44; revirtiendo la conversi&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica obtenida y de los 6 restantes&#44; 3 terminaron el tratamiento con criterio de curaci&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; y 3 a&#250;n contin&#250;an en tratamiento con cultivos negativos hasta la fecha&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La farmacorresistencia en TB plantea un serio desaf&#237;o terap&#233;utico&#46; Existen esquemas estandarizados para el tratamiento de la TB-MDR que incluyen como n&#250;cleo una FQ y un ISL&#44; asociados a 2 f&#225;rmacos bacteriost&#225;ticos orales y pirazinamida<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3</span></a>&#46; En tanto que para la TB pre-XDR y XDR se utiliza como tratamiento la mejor combinaci&#243;n de f&#225;rmacos disponible bas&#225;ndose en las pruebas de sensibilidad&#44; los antecedentes de tratamientos previos y la disponibilidad de f&#225;rmacos&#46; Los nuevos f&#225;rmacos bedaquilina y&#47;o delamanid son una opci&#243;n terap&#233;utica importante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; no disponibles todav&#237;a en Argentina en condiciones program&#225;ticas&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; tuberculosis</span> es resistente a los antibi&#243;ticos beta-lact&#225;micos debido a que produce una beta-lactamasa de espectro extendido &#40;BlaC&#41;&#44; que es inhibida irreversiblemente por el clavulanato&#46; Como la BlaC inhibe en menor medida al meropenem que a otros beta-lact&#225;micos&#44; la asociaci&#243;n de este con clavulanato puede resultar altamente bactericida&#44; tanto sobre cepas sensibles como resistentes&#44; incluyendo las no replicativas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En esta serie de pacientes utilizamos esquemas con MPC como parte de una fase inicial m&#237;nima de 6 meses&#44; bajo r&#233;gimen de internaci&#243;n&#46; No observamos reacciones adversas atribuibles a MPC&#44; pero su administraci&#243;n endovenosa prolongada es dificultosa&#44; por lo que a dos pacientes se requiri&#243; colocarles un dispositivo de puerto implantado&#46; La respuesta a esta fase inicial de tratamiento&#44; cuyo n&#250;cleo fue principalmente Lzd-Mfx-MPC&#44; fue favorable en 8 de 10 casos&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Concluimos que la administraci&#243;n del MPC&#44; aunque dificultosa por su v&#237;a&#44; sumada a otros f&#225;rmacos del grupo <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span> podr&#237;a ser eficaz como una primera etapa de tratamiento de la TB pre-XDR y XDR&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "Discusi&#243;n"
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          "titulo" => "Bibliograf&#237;a"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2014-12-16"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2015-03-24"
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            1 => "XDR-TB"
            2 => "Carbapenems"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La tuberculosis extensamente resistente &#40;TB-XDR&#41; y pre-XDR comprometen seriamente el pron&#243;stico de la enfermedad&#44; y su tratamiento requiere inevitablemente el uso de f&#225;rmacos del grupo <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span> &#40;Organizaci&#243;n Mundial de la Salud &#91;OMS&#93;&#41;&#46; Se analiz&#243; retrospectivamente la evoluci&#243;n de todos los pacientes con TB pre-XDR y XDR asistidos en un servicio especializado durante 2012 y 2013&#44; medicados con reg&#237;menes que incluyeron por lo menos 6 meses de meropenem-clavulanato &#40;MPC&#41;&#44; capreomicina&#44; moxifloxacina&#44; linezolid&#44; clofazimina&#44; isoniacida en alta dosis&#44; PAS y en un caso bedaquilina&#46; Fueron tratados 10 pacientes&#44; 9 de ellos con un extenso patr&#243;n de resistencia a un m&#237;nimo de 6 f&#225;rmacos y uno por reacciones adversas e interacciones medicamentosas que generaron una situaci&#243;n an&#225;loga&#46; Ocho de los 10 pacientes tratados&#44; hicieron la conversi&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica del esputo &#40;2 cultivos mensuales consecutivos negativos&#41; en un lapso de 2 a 7 meses&#44; en tanto que 2 fallecieron&#46; No se observaron reacciones adversas atribuibles a la administraci&#243;n prolongada del MPC</p></span>"
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      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">XDR &#40;extensively drug-resistant&#41; and pre-XDR tuberculosis &#40;TB&#41; seriously compromise prognosis and treatment possibilities&#44; and inevitably require the use of group <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span> drugs &#40;World Health Organization&#41;&#46; The progress of all patients with XDR and pre-XDR TB seen in a specialized unit during 2012 and 2013 and treated with regimens that included at least 6 months of meropenem-clavulanate &#40;MPC&#41;&#44; capreomycin&#44; moxifloxacin&#44; linezolid&#44; clofazimine&#44; high-dose isoniazid&#44; PAS&#44; and bedaquiline in 1 case&#44; were retrospectively analysed&#46; Ten patients were treated&#44; 9 with an extensive pattern of resistance to at least 6 drugs&#44; and 1 because of adverse reactions and drug interactions leading to a similar situation&#46; Eight of the 10 patients treated achieved bacteriological sputum conversion &#40;2 consecutive negative monthly cultures&#41; over a period of 2-7 months&#44; while 2 died&#46; No adverse reactions attributable to prolonged administration of MPC were observed&#46;</p></span>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IM&#58; intramuscular&#59; IV&#58; intravenoso&#59; Mfx&#58; moxifloxacina&#59; QTc&#58; intervalo QT del ECG corregido&#59; PAS&#58; &#225;cido p-amino salic&#237;lico&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">F&#225;rmaco&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dosis empleada y administraci&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Efectos adversos m&#225;s frecuentes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amikacina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; IM o IV diluida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oto y nefrotoxicidad&#44; diselectrolitemia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxicilina-clavulanato&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxicilina 500 mg-clavulanato 125<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#44; oral c&#47;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; Se utiliza dada la inexistencia en el mercado de formulaciones de clavulanato&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Digestiva&#44; hep&#225;tica&#44; hipersensibilidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Bedaquilina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">400<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d por 2 semanas&#44; luego 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg trisemanal por 22 semanas&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Prolongaci&#243;n del QTc&#44; hepatitis&#44; no puede coadministrarse con Mfx&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Capreomicina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; IM o IV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oto y nefrotoxicidad&#44; diselectrolitemia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Clofazimina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pigmentaci&#243;n cut&#225;nea&#44; c&#243;lico abdominal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Cicloserina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d en 3 tomas&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Convulsiones&#44; trastornos de conducta&#44; depresi&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Etambutol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Neuritis &#243;ptica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Etionamida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d en 3 tomas&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sabor met&#225;lico&#44; hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; hipotiroidismo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Isoniacida alta dosis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; polineuritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Levofloxacina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">750<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Tendinitis&#44; hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; neurotoxicidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Linezolid&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">600<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Polineuritis&#44; mononeuritis&#44; neuritis &#243;ptica&#44; depresi&#243;n de la m&#233;dula &#243;sea&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Meropenem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g IV diluido c&#47;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h hasta obtener un cultivo negativo&#44; luego 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g c&#47;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#44; IV diluido&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Inflamaci&#243;n en el sitio de inyecci&#243;n&#44; digestiva&#44; hipopotasemia&#44; convulsiones&#44; hepatotoxicidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Moxifloxacina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">400<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Tendinitis&#44; hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; neurotoxicidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">PAS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d en 3 tomas&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Digestiva&#44; hipotiroidismo&#44; hepatotoxicidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pirazinamida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; hiperuricemia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">F&#225;rmacos empleados y dosificaci&#243;n en 10 pacientes medicados con esquemas que incluyeron meropenem&#47;amoxicilina-clavulanato</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Amk&#58; amikacina&#59; Amoxi-clav&#58; amoxicilina-clavulanato&#59; Bdq&#58; bedaquilina&#59; Capreo&#58; capreomicina&#59; Clof&#58; clofazimina&#59; Cs&#58; cicloserina&#59; E&#58; etambutol&#59; Etio&#58; etionamida&#59; FQ&#58; fluoroquinolonas&#59; H<span class="elsevierStyleSup">ad</span>&#58; isoniacida alta dosis &#40;600<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&#41;&#59; ISL&#58; inyectables de segunda l&#237;nea&#59; IRC&#58; insuficiencia renal cr&#243;nica&#59; Km&#58; kanamicina&#59; Lfx&#58; levofloxacina&#59; Lzd&#58; linezolid&#59; Merop&#58; meropenem&#59; Mfx&#58; moxifloxacina&#59; Ofx&#58; ofloxacina&#59; PAS&#58; &#225;cido p-amino salic&#237;lico&#59; R&#58; rifampicina&#59; RA&#58; reacciones adversas&#59; S&#58; estreptomicina&#59; UDI&#58; usuario de drogas il&#237;citas&#59; Z&#58; pirazinamida&#46;</p>"
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                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Caso&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Edad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sexo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Nacionalidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tratamientoprevio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Categor&#237;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Cultivo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Resistencias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">RAFAs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tratamiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Evoluci&#243;n al 6&#46;&#176; mes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Comorbilidades&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">37&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Uruguay&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;ISL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Cm&#44; Amk&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;FQ&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Ofx&#44; Lfx&#44; PAS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Polineuritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Amk&#44; Mfx&#44; Etio&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">26&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">XDR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">D &#40;&#43;&#41;C &#40;&#43;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Cm&#44; Oflo&#44; Levo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Fracaso del tratamiento&#46; Fallecido&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IRCUDI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">58&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Per&#250;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">XDR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Cs&#44; PAS&#44; Ofl&#44; Lzd&#44; Clof&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; H<span class="elsevierStyleSup">ad</span>&#44; Etio&#44; Lzd&#44; Cfz&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&#40;enfermero&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;ISL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 6&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Amk&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Digestiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">DBT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">31&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;ISL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 2&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Amk&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RA&#44; Interacci&#243;n de R con tacrolimus&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 5&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">H&#44; E&#44; PAS&#44; Cs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatitis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Amk&#44; Mfx&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IRCDBT Trasplantehep&#225;tico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">XDR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 6&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; ZKm&#44; Cs&#44; PAS&#44; Ofx&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Digestiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Capreo&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">29&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Per&#250;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;FQ&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Ofx&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Amk&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">XDR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Cm&#44; Ofx&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">DigestivaHematol&#243;gica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Capreo&#44; Bdq&#44; PAS&#44; Lfx&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Fallecida<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">AnorexianerviosaDiarrea por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; difficile</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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Primera serie de pacientes con TB-XDR y pre-XDR tratados con esquemas que incluyeron meropenem-clavulanato en Argentina
First series of patients with XDR and pre-XDR TB treated with regimens that included meropenen-clavulanate in Argentina
Domingo Palmero
Corresponding author
djpalmero@intramed.net

Autor para correspondencia.
, Pablo González Montaner, Mónica Cufré, Ana García, Marisa Vescovo, Susana Poggi
Instituto Prof. Dr. Raúl Vaccarezza, Hospital de Infecciosas Dr. F.J. Muñiz, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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          ]
          4 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "Marisa"
            "apellidos" => "Vescovo"
          ]
          5 => array:2 [
            "nombre" => "Susana"
            "apellidos" => "Poggi"
          ]
        ]
        "afiliaciones" => array:1 [
          0 => array:2 [
            "entidad" => "Instituto Prof&#46; Dr&#46; Ra&#250;l Vaccarezza&#44; Hospital de Infecciosas Dr&#46; F&#46;J&#46; Mu&#241;iz&#44; Buenos Aires&#44; Argentina"
            "identificador" => "aff0005"
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    "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [
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        "titulo" => "First series of patients with XDR and pre-XDR TB treated with regimens that included meropenen-clavulanate in Argentina"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><span id="sec0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0025">Introducci&#243;n</span><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La tuberculosis extensamente resistente &#40;TB-XDR&#41; es provocada por cepas de <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">Mycobacterium tuberculosis</span> resistentes m&#237;nimamente a isoniacida &#40;H&#41;&#44; rifampicina &#40;R&#41;&#44; una fluoroquinolona anti-TB &#40;FQ&#41; y un inyectable de segunda l&#237;nea &#40;ISL&#58; kanamicina &#91;Km&#93;&#44; amikacina &#91;Amk&#93; o capreomicina &#91;Capreo&#93;&#41;&#46; La TB pre-XDR adem&#225;s de una resistencia m&#237;nima a H y R&#44; agrega la resistencia como m&#237;nimo a una FQ o a un ISL<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; La OMS estim&#243; a nivel mundial para 2013 una incidencia de 480&#46;000 casos de TB-MDR &#40;TB-multidrogorresistente&#58; resistente como m&#237;nimo a H y R&#41;&#44; el 9&#37; de los cuales fueron TB-XDR<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; El Laboratorio Nacional de Referencia argentino &#40;ANLIS Malbr&#225;n&#41; identific&#243; en 2013&#44; 6 TB-XDR y 18 pre-XDR&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La OMS clasifica los f&#225;rmacos anti-TB en 5 grupos&#58; 1&#41; F&#225;rmacos de primera l&#237;nea&#59; 2&#41; FQ &#40;ofloxacina&#44; levofloxacina&#44; moxifloxacina&#41;&#59; 3&#41; Inyectables &#40;kanamicina&#44; amikacina&#44; capreomicina&#44; estreptomicina&#41;&#59; 4&#41; Agentes bacteriost&#225;ticos orales &#40;cicloserina&#47;terizidona&#44; etionamida&#47;protionamida&#44; PAS&#41;&#44; y 5&#41; F&#225;rmacos de eficacia en estudio&#58; clofazimina &#40;Cfz&#41;&#44; linezolid &#40;Lzd&#41;&#44; amoxicilina&#47;clavulanato &#40;Amoxi-clav&#41;&#44; carbapenems &#40;imipenem-cilastatin y meropenem&#41;&#44; H en alta dosis&#44; bedaquilina &#40;Bdq&#41; y delamanid &#40;estos 2 &#250;ltimos f&#225;rmacos aprobados para su uso por 6 meses en TB XDR&#47;pre-XDR&#41;&#46; Los f&#225;rmacos de los grupos <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span> al <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">IV</span> &#40;excepto estreptomicina&#41; son considerados de segunda l&#237;nea&#44; mientras que los del grupo <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span> son denominados tambi&#233;n&#44; f&#225;rmacos de tercera l&#237;nea<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los pacientes con TB-XDR y pre-XDR se tratan habitualmente con esquemas terap&#233;uticos que incluyen f&#225;rmacos del grupo <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span>&#44; ya que suelen presentar resistencias a la mayor parte del resto&#46; Por tanto&#44; las posibilidades de que un tratamiento sea eficaz en estos casos&#44; son menores&#46; En los &#250;ltimos a&#241;os se ha demostrado que el meropenem asociado a clavulanato &#40;MPC&#41; puede tener actividad antibacilar y que&#44; entre ambos f&#225;rmacos&#44; podr&#237;a existir una actividad sin&#233;rgica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#8211;6</span></a>&#46; El objetivo de este trabajo&#44; es mostrar la eficacia en cuanto a la conversi&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica del esputo de esquemas terap&#233;uticos que incluyen meropenem asociado a clavulanato&#44; en la etapa inicial del tratamiento de la TB-XDR y pre-XDR&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0030">Metodolog&#237;a</span><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Estudio retrospectivo de todos los pacientes internados en el servicio de aislamiento respiratorio para TB drogorresistente desde el 1&#47;1&#47;2012 al 31&#47;12&#47;2013 con diagn&#243;stico bacteriol&#243;gico de TB-XDR y pre-XDR&#44; m&#225;s un caso de reacciones adversas&#47;interacciones&#44; que fueron medicados con esquemas que incluyeron como m&#237;nimo 5 f&#225;rmacos de los grupos <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">II</span> a <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span>&#44; incluyendo MPC durante por lo menos 6 meses&#46; En nuestro servicio recibimos pacientes provenientes de Argentina y pa&#237;ses vecinos que migran por razones laborales&#46; Aproximadamente la mitad de los casos de TB diagnosticados en la Ciudad de Buenos Aires son inmigrantes recientes de pa&#237;ses vecinos&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En el laboratorio del hospital&#44; se efectuaron pruebas de sensibilidad por m&#233;todo r&#225;pido fluorom&#233;trico y m&#233;todo de proporciones en medio s&#243;lido para H&#44; R&#44; etambutol &#40;E&#41; y estreptomicina &#40;S&#41;&#46; En el ANLIS Malbr&#225;n se efectuaron pruebas de sensibilidad por m&#233;todo de proporciones en medio s&#243;lido para ofloxacina &#40;Ofx&#41;&#44; cicloserina &#40;Cs&#41;&#44; etionamida &#40;Etio&#41;&#44; PAS&#44; kanamicina&#44; amikacina y capreomicina&#93;&#59; por determinaci&#243;n de CIM en medio l&#237;quido &#40;Cfz&#44; Lzd y moxifloxacina &#91;Mfx&#93;&#41;&#59; y el test de la pirazinamidasa para pirazinamida &#40;Z&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El MPC se indic&#243; de forma emp&#237;rica&#46; Los esquemas terap&#233;uticos se dise&#241;aron en base a tratamientos previos recibidos y a las pruebas de sensibilidad disponibles&#46; Los pacientes fueron seguidos con cultivos de esputo mensuales y se consider&#243; evoluci&#243;n favorable la conversi&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica &#40;2 cultivos de esputo mensuales consecutivos negativos&#41;&#44; como m&#225;ximo el primero de los 2 al finalizar el 6&#46;&#176; mes de tratamiento&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La publicaci&#243;n fue autorizada por el Comit&#233; de &#201;tica del Instituto Vaccarezza &#40;aprobaci&#243;n N&#46;&#176; 30&#47;15&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a> se indican los f&#225;rmacos empleados y su dosificaci&#243;n&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Resultados</span><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Fueron estudiados 10 pacientes &#40;5 mujeres&#41; con edad promedio&#58; 37&#44;5 a&#241;os&#59; 5 tuvieron m&#250;ltiples tratamientos previos&#44; en tanto que 5&#44; ninguno&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Radiol&#243;gicamente&#44; todos presentaron compromiso bilateral con cavitaci&#243;n&#46; Nueve casos fueron TB pre-XDR o XDR&#44; mientras que uno recibi&#243; un complicado esquema terap&#233;utico por RA graves e interacciones medicamentosas &#40;trasplantada hep&#225;tica que contrajo TB&#41;&#46;</p><p id="par0055" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la <a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0010">tabla 2</a>&#44; se muestran las caracter&#237;sticas y evoluci&#243;n de los 10 pacientes que recibieron esquemas que incluyeron MPC al final de su aplicaci&#243;n&#46; Sucintamente&#44; 8 pacientes mostraron la conversi&#243;n del cultivo de esputo al cabo del per&#237;odo de observaci&#243;n&#44; continuando tratamiento sin MPC en una segunda fase con el resto de los f&#225;rmacos hasta completar los 2 a&#241;os&#44; mientras que 2 fallecieron&#58; uno por agravamiento de su tuberculosis debido al fracaso terap&#233;utico y la segunda por insuficiencia respiratoria secundaria a la destrucci&#243;n pulmonar&#44; pese a tener una buena evoluci&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica&#46; No todos los pacientes han terminado su tratamiento a la fecha&#46; Como datos preliminares&#44; de los 8 que continuaron al final de la fase inicial de aplicaci&#243;n del MPC&#44; se puede aportar que un paciente falleci&#243; por fallo hepatorrenal no atribuible a la TB &#40;paciente trasplantada hep&#225;tica&#41;&#44; un caso fracas&#243; al tratamiento&#44; revirtiendo la conversi&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica obtenida y de los 6 restantes&#44; 3 terminaron el tratamiento con criterio de curaci&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; y 3 a&#250;n contin&#250;an en tratamiento con cultivos negativos hasta la fecha&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0010"></elsevierMultimedia></span><span id="sec0020" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0040">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0060" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La farmacorresistencia en TB plantea un serio desaf&#237;o terap&#233;utico&#46; Existen esquemas estandarizados para el tratamiento de la TB-MDR que incluyen como n&#250;cleo una FQ y un ISL&#44; asociados a 2 f&#225;rmacos bacteriost&#225;ticos orales y pirazinamida<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1&#44;3</span></a>&#46; En tanto que para la TB pre-XDR y XDR se utiliza como tratamiento la mejor combinaci&#243;n de f&#225;rmacos disponible bas&#225;ndose en las pruebas de sensibilidad&#44; los antecedentes de tratamientos previos y la disponibilidad de f&#225;rmacos&#46; Los nuevos f&#225;rmacos bedaquilina y&#47;o delamanid son una opci&#243;n terap&#233;utica importante<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; no disponibles todav&#237;a en Argentina en condiciones program&#225;ticas&#46;</p><p id="par0065" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">M&#46; tuberculosis</span> es resistente a los antibi&#243;ticos beta-lact&#225;micos debido a que produce una beta-lactamasa de espectro extendido &#40;BlaC&#41;&#44; que es inhibida irreversiblemente por el clavulanato&#46; Como la BlaC inhibe en menor medida al meropenem que a otros beta-lact&#225;micos&#44; la asociaci&#243;n de este con clavulanato puede resultar altamente bactericida&#44; tanto sobre cepas sensibles como resistentes&#44; incluyendo las no replicativas<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">6</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0070" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En esta serie de pacientes utilizamos esquemas con MPC como parte de una fase inicial m&#237;nima de 6 meses&#44; bajo r&#233;gimen de internaci&#243;n&#46; No observamos reacciones adversas atribuibles a MPC&#44; pero su administraci&#243;n endovenosa prolongada es dificultosa&#44; por lo que a dos pacientes se requiri&#243; colocarles un dispositivo de puerto implantado&#46; La respuesta a esta fase inicial de tratamiento&#44; cuyo n&#250;cleo fue principalmente Lzd-Mfx-MPC&#44; fue favorable en 8 de 10 casos&#46;</p><p id="par0075" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Concluimos que la administraci&#243;n del MPC&#44; aunque dificultosa por su v&#237;a&#44; sumada a otros f&#225;rmacos del grupo <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span> podr&#237;a ser eficaz como una primera etapa de tratamiento de la TB pre-XDR y XDR&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "titulo" => "Introducci&#243;n"
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          "titulo" => "Bibliograf&#237;a"
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    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
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    "fechaRecibido" => "2014-12-16"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2015-03-24"
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            0 => "Tuberculosis"
            1 => "TB-XDR"
            2 => "Carbapenems"
            3 => "Meropenem"
            4 => "Clavulanato"
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            2 => "Carbapenems"
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        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0005" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La tuberculosis extensamente resistente &#40;TB-XDR&#41; y pre-XDR comprometen seriamente el pron&#243;stico de la enfermedad&#44; y su tratamiento requiere inevitablemente el uso de f&#225;rmacos del grupo <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span> &#40;Organizaci&#243;n Mundial de la Salud &#91;OMS&#93;&#41;&#46; Se analiz&#243; retrospectivamente la evoluci&#243;n de todos los pacientes con TB pre-XDR y XDR asistidos en un servicio especializado durante 2012 y 2013&#44; medicados con reg&#237;menes que incluyeron por lo menos 6 meses de meropenem-clavulanato &#40;MPC&#41;&#44; capreomicina&#44; moxifloxacina&#44; linezolid&#44; clofazimina&#44; isoniacida en alta dosis&#44; PAS y en un caso bedaquilina&#46; Fueron tratados 10 pacientes&#44; 9 de ellos con un extenso patr&#243;n de resistencia a un m&#237;nimo de 6 f&#225;rmacos y uno por reacciones adversas e interacciones medicamentosas que generaron una situaci&#243;n an&#225;loga&#46; Ocho de los 10 pacientes tratados&#44; hicieron la conversi&#243;n bacteriol&#243;gica del esputo &#40;2 cultivos mensuales consecutivos negativos&#41; en un lapso de 2 a 7 meses&#44; en tanto que 2 fallecieron&#46; No se observaron reacciones adversas atribuibles a la administraci&#243;n prolongada del MPC</p></span>"
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        "resumen" => "<span id="abst0010" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">XDR &#40;extensively drug-resistant&#41; and pre-XDR tuberculosis &#40;TB&#41; seriously compromise prognosis and treatment possibilities&#44; and inevitably require the use of group <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">V</span> drugs &#40;World Health Organization&#41;&#46; The progress of all patients with XDR and pre-XDR TB seen in a specialized unit during 2012 and 2013 and treated with regimens that included at least 6 months of meropenem-clavulanate &#40;MPC&#41;&#44; capreomycin&#44; moxifloxacin&#44; linezolid&#44; clofazimine&#44; high-dose isoniazid&#44; PAS&#44; and bedaquiline in 1 case&#44; were retrospectively analysed&#46; Ten patients were treated&#44; 9 with an extensive pattern of resistance to at least 6 drugs&#44; and 1 because of adverse reactions and drug interactions leading to a similar situation&#46; Eight of the 10 patients treated achieved bacteriological sputum conversion &#40;2 consecutive negative monthly cultures&#41; over a period of 2-7 months&#44; while 2 died&#46; No adverse reactions attributable to prolonged administration of MPC were observed&#46;</p></span>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">IM&#58; intramuscular&#59; IV&#58; intravenoso&#59; Mfx&#58; moxifloxacina&#59; QTc&#58; intervalo QT del ECG corregido&#59; PAS&#58; &#225;cido p-amino salic&#237;lico&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Dosis empleada y administraci&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Efectos adversos m&#225;s frecuentes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amikacina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; IM o IV diluida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oto y nefrotoxicidad&#44; diselectrolitemia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxicilina-clavulanato&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxicilina 500 mg-clavulanato 125<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#44; oral c&#47;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#46; Se utiliza dada la inexistencia en el mercado de formulaciones de clavulanato&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Digestiva&#44; hep&#225;tica&#44; hipersensibilidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Bedaquilina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">400<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d por 2 semanas&#44; luego 200<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg trisemanal por 22 semanas&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Prolongaci&#243;n del QTc&#44; hepatitis&#44; no puede coadministrarse con Mfx&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Capreomicina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; IM o IV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Oto y nefrotoxicidad&#44; diselectrolitemia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">100<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pigmentaci&#243;n cut&#225;nea&#44; c&#243;lico abdominal&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Cicloserina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Convulsiones&#44; trastornos de conducta&#44; depresi&#243;n&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Etambutol&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Neuritis &#243;ptica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Etionamida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d en 3 tomas&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Sabor met&#225;lico&#44; hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; hipotiroidismo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Isoniacida alta dosis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; polineuritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Levofloxacina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">750<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Tendinitis&#44; hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; neurotoxicidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Linezolid&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">600<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Polineuritis&#44; mononeuritis&#44; neuritis &#243;ptica&#44; depresi&#243;n de la m&#233;dula &#243;sea&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Meropenem&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g IV diluido c&#47;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h hasta obtener un cultivo negativo&#44; luego 1<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>g c&#47;8<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>h&#44; IV diluido&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Inflamaci&#243;n en el sitio de inyecci&#243;n&#44; digestiva&#44; hipopotasemia&#44; convulsiones&#44; hepatotoxicidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Moxifloxacina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">400<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Tendinitis&#44; hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; neurotoxicidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">PAS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">15<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d en 3 tomas&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Digestiva&#44; hipotiroidismo&#44; hepatotoxicidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pirazinamida&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">25<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;kg&#47;d&#44; oral&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatitis t&#243;xica&#44; hiperuricemia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">F&#225;rmacos empleados y dosificaci&#243;n en 10 pacientes medicados con esquemas que incluyeron meropenem&#47;amoxicilina-clavulanato</p>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Amk&#58; amikacina&#59; Amoxi-clav&#58; amoxicilina-clavulanato&#59; Bdq&#58; bedaquilina&#59; Capreo&#58; capreomicina&#59; Clof&#58; clofazimina&#59; Cs&#58; cicloserina&#59; E&#58; etambutol&#59; Etio&#58; etionamida&#59; FQ&#58; fluoroquinolonas&#59; H<span class="elsevierStyleSup">ad</span>&#58; isoniacida alta dosis &#40;600<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;d&#41;&#59; ISL&#58; inyectables de segunda l&#237;nea&#59; IRC&#58; insuficiencia renal cr&#243;nica&#59; Km&#58; kanamicina&#59; Lfx&#58; levofloxacina&#59; Lzd&#58; linezolid&#59; Merop&#58; meropenem&#59; Mfx&#58; moxifloxacina&#59; Ofx&#58; ofloxacina&#59; PAS&#58; &#225;cido p-amino salic&#237;lico&#59; R&#58; rifampicina&#59; RA&#58; reacciones adversas&#59; S&#58; estreptomicina&#59; UDI&#58; usuario de drogas il&#237;citas&#59; Z&#58; pirazinamida&#46;</p>"
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                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Caso&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Edad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Sexo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Nacionalidad&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tratamientoprevio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Categor&#237;a&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Cultivo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Resistencias<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">RAFAs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Tratamiento&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Evoluci&#243;n al 6&#46;&#176; mes<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head  " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Comorbilidades&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">37&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Uruguay&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;ISL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Cm&#44; Amk&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">35&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;FQ&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Ofx&#44; Lfx&#44; PAS&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Polineuritis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Amk&#44; Mfx&#44; Etio&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">3&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">26&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">XDR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">D &#40;&#43;&#41;C &#40;&#43;&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Cm&#44; Oflo&#44; Levo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Fracaso del tratamiento&#46; Fallecido&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IRCUDI&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">4&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">58&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Per&#250;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">XDR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Cs&#44; PAS&#44; Ofl&#44; Lzd&#44; Clof&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; H<span class="elsevierStyleSup">ad</span>&#44; Etio&#44; Lzd&#44; Cfz&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">5&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">57&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&#40;enfermero&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;ISL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 6&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Amk&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Digestiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">DBT&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">6&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">31&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">M&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;ISL&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 2&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Amk&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">7&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">48&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">RA&#44; Interacci&#243;n de R con tacrolimus&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 5&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">H&#44; E&#44; PAS&#44; Cs&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Hepatitis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Amk&#44; Mfx&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">IRCDBT Trasplantehep&#225;tico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">8&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">24&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">XDR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 6&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; ZKm&#44; Cs&#44; PAS&#44; Ofx&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Digestiva&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Mfx&#44; Capreo&#44; PAS&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">9&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">29&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Per&#250;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Pre-XDR &#40;FQ&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Ofx&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Amk&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&#44; Lzd&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Favorable&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">No&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">10&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">30&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">F&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Argentina&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#237;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">XDR&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">C &#40;&#8211;&#41; al 4&#46;&#176; mes&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">S&#44; H&#44; R&#44; E&#44; Z&#44; Km&#44; Cm&#44; Ofx&#44; Mfx&#44; Cs&#44; Etio&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">DigestivaHematol&#243;gica&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Amoxi-clav&#44; Merop&#44; Capreo&#44; Bdq&#44; PAS&#44; Lfx&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">Fallecida<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tblfn0015"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span></a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry  " align="left" valign="top">AnorexianerviosaDiarrea por <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">C&#46; difficile</span>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
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Article information
ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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