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Carta al Director
Expectoración hemoptoica como primera manifestación de un cáncer renal bilateral
Bloody Expectoration as First Manifestation of Bilateral Kidney Cancer
M. Luz Mateo Lázaroa,
Corresponding author
mlmateol@salud.aragon.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, M. del Mar Villanueva Gimenoa, Eva Vilar Bonacasab
a Sección de Neumología, Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, España
b Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital Obispo Polanco, Teruel, España
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Fibrobroncoscopia&#46; Se muestra la lesi&#243;n en bronquio principal derecho&#46;</p>"
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las met&#225;stasis endobronquiales &#40;MEB&#41; son poco frecuentes y se han descrito en tumores de mama&#44; colon&#44; ri&#241;&#243;n y p&#225;ncreas&#46; Pueden no mostrar s&#237;ntomas o manifestarse como tos&#44; hemoptisis o disnea&#44; y suelen diagnosticarse en el curso de la enfermedad inicial&#46; Presentamos el caso de un triple tumor renal bilateral cuya primera manifestaci&#243;n fue la expectoraci&#243;n hemoptoica&#46;</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Var&#243;n de 76 a&#241;os sin h&#225;bitos t&#243;xicos&#44; trabajador en miner&#237;a de carb&#243;n&#46; Como antecedentes destacan una pleuritis izquierda en su juventud&#44; hipertensi&#243;n arterial y diabetes&#59; sin antecedentes familiares de inter&#233;s&#46; Remitido a neumolog&#237;a por expectoraci&#243;n de sangre roja desde hace d&#237;as&#44; precedida de tos en n&#250;mero 4-5&#47;d&#237;a&#46; Sin fiebre&#44; dolor tor&#225;cico&#44; disnea&#44; s&#237;ntomas extrator&#225;cicos&#44; p&#233;rdida de peso ni hematuria&#46; Exploraci&#243;n&#58; buen estado general&#44; con leve disminuci&#243;n del murmullo vesicular en hemit&#243;rax izquierdo sin adenopat&#237;as ni masas&#46; En la anal&#237;tica destaca glucosa<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>&#61;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>125<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl y microhematuria&#46; Valores funcionales respiratorios normales&#46; La Rx de t&#243;rax mostraba ateromatosis a&#243;rtica y paquipleuritis calcificada izquierda&#46; La TC toraco-abdominal muestra una lesi&#243;n nodular de 7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm intraluminal en la porci&#243;n inicial del bronquio principal derecho &#40;BPD&#41; y lesi&#243;n expansiva heterog&#233;nea de 6&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm en polo renal derecho&#44; y otra similar en el polo inferior de 3&#44;7<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#46; En el polo superior del ri&#241;&#243;n izquierdo otra lesi&#243;n de 2&#44;6<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>cm&#46; Se realiz&#243; fibrobroncoscopia encontrando 2 lesiones polipoideas vascularizadas&#44; una en la cara anterior del BPD &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>&#41; y otra a la entrada del bronquio lobar inferior derecho&#46; Las biopsias se informan como met&#225;stasis de carcinoma de c&#233;lulas claras&#46; Citolog&#237;as de orina negativas para malignidad&#46; Debido a la extensi&#243;n de la enfermedad&#44; no se plantearon medidas diagn&#243;sticas sobre las masas renales y se remiti&#243; a oncolog&#237;a para valorar tratamiento&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El c&#225;ncer renal &#40;CR&#41; representa el 3&#37; de los tumores&#46; El carcinoma de c&#233;lulas renales es el subtipo m&#225;s frecuente &#40;85&#37;&#41;&#46; Suelen aparecer entre la sexta y s&#233;ptima d&#233;cadas&#44; con preferencia en varones &#40;2&#58;1&#41;&#46; Se manifiestan como hematuria &#40;60&#37;&#41;&#44; dolor lumbar &#40;40&#37;&#41; o masa &#40;30-40&#37;&#41;&#46; Pueden asociar poliglobulia&#44; hipercalcemia o s&#237;ndrome de Sttauffer&#46; Los CR bilaterales suponen el 0&#44;4-6&#37; de los casos&#44; y pueden ser hereditarios &#40;edades m&#225;s tempranas&#41; o espor&#225;dicos&#46; Los &#250;ltimos representan menos del 2&#37; de los tumores sincr&#243;nicos bilaterales<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#46; Entre el 25-30&#37; de los CR presentan met&#225;stasis al diagn&#243;stico y el pulm&#243;n es el segundo &#243;rgano m&#225;s afectado &#40;36&#37;&#41;&#46; Las met&#225;stasis endobronquiales&#44; descritas en diferentes tumores extrator&#225;cicos&#44; son poco frecuentes &#40;2&#37; en autopsias de pacientes que fallecen por tumores de &#243;rgano s&#243;lido&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a>&#46; Su manifestaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica no las diferencia de los tumores primitivos pulmonares &#40;tos&#44; hemoptisis&#44; disnea o asintom&#225;ticos hasta el 60&#37;&#41;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46; El intervalo medio hasta su diagn&#243;stico suele ser de 41 meses<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4&#44;5</span></a>&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Este caso re&#250;ne varias condiciones poco habituales&#58; la hemoptisis lleva al diagn&#243;stico del tumor primitivo renal&#44; que tiene la peculiaridad de presentarse como 3 tumores sincr&#243;nicos bilaterales&#46; La TC tor&#225;cica&#44; con poca sensibilidad para detectar las met&#225;stasis&#44; pudo localizar una de ellas&#44; aunque la FB con biopsia bronquial fue decisiva en el diagn&#243;stico definitivo&#46; La ausencia de antecedentes familiares y la edad sugieren tumores renales espor&#225;dicos&#46;</p></span>"
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Article information
ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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