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exfumador&#44; remitido a consultas por tos cr&#243;nica&#46; En la auscultaci&#243;n pulmonar presentaba crepitantes teleinspiratorios finos basales bilaterales&#46; No se objetivaron adenopat&#237;as ni hepatoesplenomegalia&#46; En la radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax se apreci&#243; ligera opacidad difusa en ambos campos inferiores&#46; Se realiz&#243; una tomograf&#237;a computarizada &#40;TC&#41; de alta resoluci&#243;n &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41; que mostraba una afectaci&#243;n del intersticio caracterizada por engrosamiento de los septos interlobulillares de predominio perif&#233;rico en el pulm&#243;n izquierdo&#44; asociada a &#225;reas parcheadas de patr&#243;n en vidrio deslustrado bilaterales de predominio perif&#233;rico&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la anal&#237;tica destacaba una velocidad de sedimentaci&#243;n globular de 88<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm con hemograma&#44; glucosa&#44; urea&#44; creatinina&#44; transaminasas&#44; lactato deshidrogenasa&#44; anticuerpos antinucleares&#44; anti-ADN&#44; ant&#237;geno extra&#237;ble del n&#250;cleo normales o negativas&#44; IgM 3&#46;450<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl&#44; monoclonal&#44; y prote&#237;na de Bence-Jones en orina negativa&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La biopsia pulmonar por videotoracoscopia &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>B&#41; evidenci&#243; zonas de par&#233;nquima pulmonar sin alteraciones histol&#243;gicas significativas&#44; alternando con una infiltraci&#243;n linfoide a expensas de linfocitos peque&#241;os con diferenciaci&#243;n plasmocitoide en algunas &#225;reas&#46; El fenotipo inmunohistoqu&#237;mico fue&#58; CD20&#43;&#44; CD79a&#43;&#44; CD23&#8722;&#44; ciclina D1&#8722;&#44; EBER&#8722;&#44; CD15 y CD30&#8722;&#44; con &#237;ndice de proliferaci&#243;n &#40;MiB&#41; bajo&#44; de distribuci&#243;n preferentemente subpleural y peribronquiolar acompa&#241;ada de histiocitos&#46; Dicho estudio&#44; por tanto&#44; era compatible con el diagn&#243;stico de linfoma linfoplasmoc&#237;tico&#46; El estudio de m&#233;dula &#243;sea mostr&#243; una infiltraci&#243;n por c&#233;lulas linfoplasmocitoides&#44; con un estudio inmunofenot&#237;pico&#58; CD19&#43;&#44; CD45&#43; fuerte&#44; CD5&#8211;&#44; CD23&#8722;&#44; CD20&#43;&#44; CD22&#43;&#44; CD79b&#43;&#44; FMC7&#43; d&#233;bil&#44; CD25&#43;&#44; CD38&#43; variable&#44; as&#237; como IgM&#43; y monoclonalidad para cadenas ligeras kappa intracitoplasm&#225;ticas&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En esta situaci&#243;n&#44; y con el diagn&#243;stico de linfoma no Hodgkin linfoplasmocitoide con afectaci&#243;n pulmonar y de m&#233;dula &#243;sea&#44; compatible por tanto con MW&#44; se inici&#243; tratamiento con rituximab&#46; En los controles posteriores la tos desapareci&#243;&#44; disminuyeron los niveles de IgM y se resolvieron en gran medida las lesiones del TC&#44; persistiendo &#250;nicamente algunas zonas de engrosamiento de los septos interlobulares de predominio basal perif&#233;rico&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las lesiones linfoproliferativas que afectan al pulm&#243;n son poco frecuentes&#46; Dentro de estas&#44; los linfomas primarios&#44; definidos como una proliferaci&#243;n linfoidea clonal aislada en el pulm&#243;n&#44; son a&#250;n m&#225;s raros y se estima corresponden al 1&#37; de todos los linfomas y al 0&#44;5&#37; de todos los tumores pulmonares&#46; La afectaci&#243;n pleuropulmonar en la MW es infrecuente&#44; y los s&#237;ntomas respiratorios m&#225;s t&#237;picos son la disnea y la tos&#46; Aunque en las primeras descripciones de casos solamente se se&#241;alaban la neumon&#237;a y el derrame pleural como manifestaciones pulmonares de la MW<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; revisiones posteriores han demostrado que el espectro de afectaci&#243;n respiratoria es m&#225;s amplio&#46; La afectaci&#243;n pulmonar intersticial propiamente dicha es excepcional y no est&#225; suficientemente comunicada&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tras realizar una b&#250;squeda bibliogr&#225;fica en las bases de PubMed y Medline&#44; solamente hemos encontrado 7 art&#237;culos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2-8</span></a> que expongan casos en los cuales la forma de presentaci&#243;n fue la afectaci&#243;n pulmonar &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46; Entre todos ellos no hemos encontrado ninguno como el que aqu&#237; aportamos&#44; que se inici&#243; con afectaci&#243;n pulmonar intersticial difusa&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aunque existen trabajos que apoyan los m&#233;todos broncosc&#243;picos &#40;biopsia transbronquial y lavado broncoalveolar&#41; para el diagn&#243;stico de trastornos linfoproliferativos a nivel pulmonar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&#44; en otros se describe una baja eficacia de los mismos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#44; con rentabilidades diagn&#243;sticas entre el 15 y el 30&#37;&#46; Estos resultados sugieren que la biopsia quir&#250;rgica quiz&#225; sea el procedimiento de elecci&#243;n para el diagn&#243;stico de linfoma en pacientes potencialmente operables&#46; En nuestro caso&#44; con un buen estado cl&#237;nico del paciente y una aproximaci&#243;n por cirug&#237;a videotoracosc&#243;pica m&#237;nimamente invasiva por puerto &#250;nico&#44; se opt&#243; por la biopsia quir&#250;rgica&#46; Los hallazgos anatomopatol&#243;gicos plantearon un diagn&#243;stico diferencial con neumon&#237;a intersticial linfoide&#44; hiperplasia linfoide nodular o incluso neumon&#237;a por hipersensibilidad&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En este paciente&#44; el hallazgo anal&#237;tico de gammapat&#237;a monoclonal apunt&#243; como hip&#243;tesis diagn&#243;stica que pod&#237;a tratarse de un proceso linfoproliferativo&#44; confirm&#225;ndose posteriormente con el estudio histol&#243;gico&#46; En la MW&#44; dado que el infiltrado linfoide puede estar compuesto histol&#243;gicamente por linfocitos plasmocitoides o por linfocitos maduros peque&#241;os&#44; se hace imprescindible poder contar con una inmunohistoqu&#237;mica o un inmunofenotipo por citometr&#237;a de flujo&#46; De esta manera se consigue diferenciar esta entidad de otros procesos linfoproliferativos&#44; como el linfoma linfoc&#237;tico y el linfoma folicular &#40;grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span>&#41;&#44; que tambi&#233;n se producen a expensas de proliferaci&#243;n y acumulaci&#243;n de linfocitos peque&#241;os&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finalmente&#44; con los resultados de los estudios realizados y la revisi&#243;n de la literatura se concluy&#243; que nos encontr&#225;bamos ante un linfoma no Hodgkin de bajo grado con diferenciaci&#243;n plasmocitoide&#44; compatible con el diagn&#243;stico de MW&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec308127"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
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        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xres326653"
          "titulo" => "Abstract"
        ]
        3 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec308128"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
        ]
        4 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Introducci&#243;n"
        ]
        5 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Observaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica"
        ]
        6 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "Discusi&#243;n"
        ]
        7 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Bibliograf&#237;a"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2013-01-21"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2013-05-27"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec308127"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Macroglobulinemia de Waldenstr&#246;m"
            1 => "Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial"
            2 => "Linfoma"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec308128"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Waldenstr&#246;m&#39;s macroglobulinemia"
            1 => "Interstitial lung disease"
            2 => "Lymphoma"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La macroglobulinemia de Waldenstr&#246;m &#40;MW&#41; es una neoplasia linfoide caracterizada por una infiltraci&#243;n principalmente de la m&#233;dula &#243;sea y del ganglio linf&#225;tico por linfocitos peque&#241;os maduros o con diferenciaci&#243;n plasmocitoide&#44; con banda monoclonal IgM asociada&#44; y en general un bajo grado de agresividad&#46; Presentamos el primer caso publicado en la literatura espa&#241;ola de enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa como forma de presentaci&#243;n de una MW y realizamos una revisi&#243;n de la literatura&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Waldenstr&#246;m&#39;s macroglobulinemia &#40;WM&#41; is a lymphoid malignancy characterized by infiltration&#44; mainly of the bone marrow and lymph nodes&#44; by small mature lymphocytes showing plasmacytoid differentiation&#44; associated with an IgM monoclonal band&#44; and&#44; in general&#44; a low degree of aggressiveness&#46; We present the first case reported in the Spanish literature of interstitial lung disease presenting as MW and we review the literature&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:2 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figura 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
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        "figura" => array:1 [
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        "descripcion" => array:1 [
          "es" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>La tomograf&#237;a computarizada de alta resoluci&#243;n muestra afectaci&#243;n del intersticio caracterizada por engrosamiento de los septos interlobulillares de predominio perif&#233;rico asociada a &#225;reas parcheadas de patr&#243;n en vidrio deslustrado&#46; B&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Par&#233;nquima pulmonar con zona de infiltrado linfocitario parcheado alternando con zona de par&#233;nquima pulmonar sin alteraciones histol&#243;gicas significativas&#46;</p>"
        ]
      ]
      1 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "tbl0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Tabla 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA"
        "mostrarFloat" => true
        "mostrarDisplay" => false
        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">BMO&#58; biopsia de m&#233;dula &#243;sea&#59; BPA&#58; biopsia pulmonar abierta&#59; BPV&#58; biopsia pulmonar videotoracosc&#243;pica&#59; BTB&#58; biopsia transbronquial&#46;</p>"
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              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Autor &#40;a&#241;o&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Referencia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Casos &#40;n&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">S&#237;ntomas respiratorios&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hallazgos radiol&#243;gicos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">M&#233;todo diagn&#243;stico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Hull y Barton &#40;1982&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">2</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; tos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BMO&#44; BTB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Bruno y Ober &#40;1968&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">3</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Masa&#44; derrame pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BTB&#44; BPA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Winterbauer et al&#46; &#40;1974&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">4</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; tos o asintom&#225;tico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BMO&#44; autopsia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Moeschlin &#40;1966&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">5</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; tos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BPA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Strunge &#40;1969&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">6</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; hemoptisis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&#44; masa&#44; derrame pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Autopsia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fadil y Taylor &#40;1998&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">7</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; tos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&#44; masa&#44; derrame pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BMO&#44; BTB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">But&#237; et al&#46; &#40;1984&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">8</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea de esfuerzo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&#44; derrame pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Biopsia pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Caso descrito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BPV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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Nota clínica
Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa como primera manifestación de macroglobulinemia de Waldenström: descripción de un caso y revisión de la literatura
Diffuse Interstitial Lung Disease as a First Manifestation of Waldenström's Macroglobulinemia: Case Report and Review of the Literature
Angélica Consuegraa, Pedro J. Marcosa,
Corresponding author
pedro.jorge.marcos.rodriguez@sergas.es

Autor para correspondencia.
, Rubén Vázquezb, Jorge Pomboc, Guillermo Debénb, Héctor Verea-Hernandoa
a Servicio de Neumología, Instituto de Investigación Biomédica de A Coruña (INIBIC), Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, España
b Servicio de Hematología, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, España
c Servicio de Anatomía Patológica, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de A Coruña, A Coruña, España
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exfumador&#44; remitido a consultas por tos cr&#243;nica&#46; En la auscultaci&#243;n pulmonar presentaba crepitantes teleinspiratorios finos basales bilaterales&#46; No se objetivaron adenopat&#237;as ni hepatoesplenomegalia&#46; En la radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax se apreci&#243; ligera opacidad difusa en ambos campos inferiores&#46; Se realiz&#243; una tomograf&#237;a computarizada &#40;TC&#41; de alta resoluci&#243;n &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>A&#41; que mostraba una afectaci&#243;n del intersticio caracterizada por engrosamiento de los septos interlobulillares de predominio perif&#233;rico en el pulm&#243;n izquierdo&#44; asociada a &#225;reas parcheadas de patr&#243;n en vidrio deslustrado bilaterales de predominio perif&#233;rico&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="fig0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En la anal&#237;tica destacaba una velocidad de sedimentaci&#243;n globular de 88<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mm con hemograma&#44; glucosa&#44; urea&#44; creatinina&#44; transaminasas&#44; lactato deshidrogenasa&#44; anticuerpos antinucleares&#44; anti-ADN&#44; ant&#237;geno extra&#237;ble del n&#250;cleo normales o negativas&#44; IgM 3&#46;450<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>mg&#47;dl&#44; monoclonal&#44; y prote&#237;na de Bence-Jones en orina negativa&#46;</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La biopsia pulmonar por videotoracoscopia &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#fig0005">fig&#46; 1</a>B&#41; evidenci&#243; zonas de par&#233;nquima pulmonar sin alteraciones histol&#243;gicas significativas&#44; alternando con una infiltraci&#243;n linfoide a expensas de linfocitos peque&#241;os con diferenciaci&#243;n plasmocitoide en algunas &#225;reas&#46; El fenotipo inmunohistoqu&#237;mico fue&#58; CD20&#43;&#44; CD79a&#43;&#44; CD23&#8722;&#44; ciclina D1&#8722;&#44; EBER&#8722;&#44; CD15 y CD30&#8722;&#44; con &#237;ndice de proliferaci&#243;n &#40;MiB&#41; bajo&#44; de distribuci&#243;n preferentemente subpleural y peribronquiolar acompa&#241;ada de histiocitos&#46; Dicho estudio&#44; por tanto&#44; era compatible con el diagn&#243;stico de linfoma linfoplasmoc&#237;tico&#46; El estudio de m&#233;dula &#243;sea mostr&#243; una infiltraci&#243;n por c&#233;lulas linfoplasmocitoides&#44; con un estudio inmunofenot&#237;pico&#58; CD19&#43;&#44; CD45&#43; fuerte&#44; CD5&#8211;&#44; CD23&#8722;&#44; CD20&#43;&#44; CD22&#43;&#44; CD79b&#43;&#44; FMC7&#43; d&#233;bil&#44; CD25&#43;&#44; CD38&#43; variable&#44; as&#237; como IgM&#43; y monoclonalidad para cadenas ligeras kappa intracitoplasm&#225;ticas&#46;</p><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En esta situaci&#243;n&#44; y con el diagn&#243;stico de linfoma no Hodgkin linfoplasmocitoide con afectaci&#243;n pulmonar y de m&#233;dula &#243;sea&#44; compatible por tanto con MW&#44; se inici&#243; tratamiento con rituximab&#46; En los controles posteriores la tos desapareci&#243;&#44; disminuyeron los niveles de IgM y se resolvieron en gran medida las lesiones del TC&#44; persistiendo &#250;nicamente algunas zonas de engrosamiento de los septos interlobulares de predominio basal perif&#233;rico&#46;</p></span><span id="sec0015" class="elsevierStyleSection elsevierViewall"><span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle" id="sect0035">Discusi&#243;n</span><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Las lesiones linfoproliferativas que afectan al pulm&#243;n son poco frecuentes&#46; Dentro de estas&#44; los linfomas primarios&#44; definidos como una proliferaci&#243;n linfoidea clonal aislada en el pulm&#243;n&#44; son a&#250;n m&#225;s raros y se estima corresponden al 1&#37; de todos los linfomas y al 0&#44;5&#37; de todos los tumores pulmonares&#46; La afectaci&#243;n pleuropulmonar en la MW es infrecuente&#44; y los s&#237;ntomas respiratorios m&#225;s t&#237;picos son la disnea y la tos&#46; Aunque en las primeras descripciones de casos solamente se se&#241;alaban la neumon&#237;a y el derrame pleural como manifestaciones pulmonares de la MW<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0005"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#44; revisiones posteriores han demostrado que el espectro de afectaci&#243;n respiratoria es m&#225;s amplio&#46; La afectaci&#243;n pulmonar intersticial propiamente dicha es excepcional y no est&#225; suficientemente comunicada&#46;</p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Tras realizar una b&#250;squeda bibliogr&#225;fica en las bases de PubMed y Medline&#44; solamente hemos encontrado 7 art&#237;culos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0010"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2-8</span></a> que expongan casos en los cuales la forma de presentaci&#243;n fue la afectaci&#243;n pulmonar &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#46; Entre todos ellos no hemos encontrado ninguno como el que aqu&#237; aportamos&#44; que se inici&#243; con afectaci&#243;n pulmonar intersticial difusa&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Aunque existen trabajos que apoyan los m&#233;todos broncosc&#243;picos &#40;biopsia transbronquial y lavado broncoalveolar&#41; para el diagn&#243;stico de trastornos linfoproliferativos a nivel pulmonar<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0045"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a>&#44; en otros se describe una baja eficacia de los mismos<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0050"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a>&#44; con rentabilidades diagn&#243;sticas entre el 15 y el 30&#37;&#46; Estos resultados sugieren que la biopsia quir&#250;rgica quiz&#225; sea el procedimiento de elecci&#243;n para el diagn&#243;stico de linfoma en pacientes potencialmente operables&#46; En nuestro caso&#44; con un buen estado cl&#237;nico del paciente y una aproximaci&#243;n por cirug&#237;a videotoracosc&#243;pica m&#237;nimamente invasiva por puerto &#250;nico&#44; se opt&#243; por la biopsia quir&#250;rgica&#46; Los hallazgos anatomopatol&#243;gicos plantearon un diagn&#243;stico diferencial con neumon&#237;a intersticial linfoide&#44; hiperplasia linfoide nodular o incluso neumon&#237;a por hipersensibilidad&#46;</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En este paciente&#44; el hallazgo anal&#237;tico de gammapat&#237;a monoclonal apunt&#243; como hip&#243;tesis diagn&#243;stica que pod&#237;a tratarse de un proceso linfoproliferativo&#44; confirm&#225;ndose posteriormente con el estudio histol&#243;gico&#46; En la MW&#44; dado que el infiltrado linfoide puede estar compuesto histol&#243;gicamente por linfocitos plasmocitoides o por linfocitos maduros peque&#241;os&#44; se hace imprescindible poder contar con una inmunohistoqu&#237;mica o un inmunofenotipo por citometr&#237;a de flujo&#46; De esta manera se consigue diferenciar esta entidad de otros procesos linfoproliferativos&#44; como el linfoma linfoc&#237;tico y el linfoma folicular &#40;grado <span class="elsevierStyleSmallCaps">i</span>&#41;&#44; que tambi&#233;n se producen a expensas de proliferaci&#243;n y acumulaci&#243;n de linfocitos peque&#241;os&#46;</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Finalmente&#44; con los resultados de los estudios realizados y la revisi&#243;n de la literatura se concluy&#243; que nos encontr&#225;bamos ante un linfoma no Hodgkin de bajo grado con diferenciaci&#243;n plasmocitoide&#44; compatible con el diagn&#243;stico de MW&#46;</p></span></span>"
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          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec308127"
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        2 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xres326653"
          "titulo" => "Abstract"
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        3 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec308128"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
        ]
        4 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0005"
          "titulo" => "Introducci&#243;n"
        ]
        5 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0010"
          "titulo" => "Observaci&#243;n cl&#237;nica"
        ]
        6 => array:2 [
          "identificador" => "sec0015"
          "titulo" => "Discusi&#243;n"
        ]
        7 => array:1 [
          "titulo" => "Bibliograf&#237;a"
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf"
    "tienePdf" => true
    "fechaRecibido" => "2013-01-21"
    "fechaAceptado" => "2013-05-27"
    "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Palabras clave"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec308127"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Macroglobulinemia de Waldenstr&#246;m"
            1 => "Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial"
            2 => "Linfoma"
          ]
        ]
      ]
      "en" => array:1 [
        0 => array:4 [
          "clase" => "keyword"
          "titulo" => "Keywords"
          "identificador" => "xpalclavsec308128"
          "palabras" => array:3 [
            0 => "Waldenstr&#246;m&#39;s macroglobulinemia"
            1 => "Interstitial lung disease"
            2 => "Lymphoma"
          ]
        ]
      ]
    ]
    "tieneResumen" => true
    "resumen" => array:2 [
      "es" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Resumen"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La macroglobulinemia de Waldenstr&#246;m &#40;MW&#41; es una neoplasia linfoide caracterizada por una infiltraci&#243;n principalmente de la m&#233;dula &#243;sea y del ganglio linf&#225;tico por linfocitos peque&#241;os maduros o con diferenciaci&#243;n plasmocitoide&#44; con banda monoclonal IgM asociada&#44; y en general un bajo grado de agresividad&#46; Presentamos el primer caso publicado en la literatura espa&#241;ola de enfermedad pulmonar intersticial difusa como forma de presentaci&#243;n de una MW y realizamos una revisi&#243;n de la literatura&#46;</p>"
      ]
      "en" => array:2 [
        "titulo" => "Abstract"
        "resumen" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Waldenstr&#246;m&#39;s macroglobulinemia &#40;WM&#41; is a lymphoid malignancy characterized by infiltration&#44; mainly of the bone marrow and lymph nodes&#44; by small mature lymphocytes showing plasmacytoid differentiation&#44; associated with an IgM monoclonal band&#44; and&#44; in general&#44; a low degree of aggressiveness&#46; We present the first case reported in the Spanish literature of interstitial lung disease presenting as MW and we review the literature&#46;</p>"
      ]
    ]
    "multimedia" => array:2 [
      0 => array:7 [
        "identificador" => "fig0005"
        "etiqueta" => "Figura 1"
        "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIAFIGURA"
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          "es" => "<p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">A&#41; <span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>La tomograf&#237;a computarizada de alta resoluci&#243;n muestra afectaci&#243;n del intersticio caracterizada por engrosamiento de los septos interlobulillares de predominio perif&#233;rico asociada a &#225;reas parcheadas de patr&#243;n en vidrio deslustrado&#46; B&#41;<span class="elsevierStyleHsp" style=""></span>Par&#233;nquima pulmonar con zona de infiltrado linfocitario parcheado alternando con zona de par&#233;nquima pulmonar sin alteraciones histol&#243;gicas significativas&#46;</p>"
        ]
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        "tabla" => array:2 [
          "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">BMO&#58; biopsia de m&#233;dula &#243;sea&#59; BPA&#58; biopsia pulmonar abierta&#59; BPV&#58; biopsia pulmonar videotoracosc&#243;pica&#59; BTB&#58; biopsia transbronquial&#46;</p>"
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              "tabla" => array:1 [
                0 => """
                  <table border="0" frame="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n
                  \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Autor &#40;a&#241;o&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Referencia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Casos &#40;n&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">S&#237;ntomas respiratorios&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Hallazgos radiol&#243;gicos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-head\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">M&#233;todo diagn&#243;stico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Hull y Barton &#40;1982&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0010">2</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; tos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BMO&#44; BTB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Bruno y Ober &#40;1968&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0015">3</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Masa&#44; derrame pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BTB&#44; BPA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Winterbauer et al&#46; &#40;1974&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0020">4</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">2&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; tos o asintom&#225;tico&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BMO&#44; autopsia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Moeschlin &#40;1966&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0025">5</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; tos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BPA&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Strunge &#40;1969&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0030">6</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; hemoptisis&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&#44; masa&#44; derrame pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Autopsia&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Fadil y Taylor &#40;1998&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0035">7</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea&#44; tos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&#44; masa&#44; derrame pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BMO&#44; BTB&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">But&#237; et al&#46; &#40;1984&#41;&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t"><a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0040">8</a>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Disnea de esfuerzo&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Infiltrado&#44; derrame pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Biopsia pleural&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Caso descrito&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="char" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">1&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Tos&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">Enfermedad pulmonar intersticial&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttable-entry\n
                  \t\t\t\t  " align="left" valign="\n
                  \t\t\t\t\ttop\n
                  \t\t\t\t">BPV&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
                  \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table>
                  """
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