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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El caso que presentamos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl1">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#44; corresponde a una mujer de 68 a&#241;os con historia 4 meses antes de su ingreso de carcinoma epidermoide de borde lingual tratado con cirug&#237;a y RT&#46; Tras pasar desapercibido el neumot&#243;rax en una radiograf&#237;a de urgencias&#44; la paciente es ingresada por neumot&#243;rax del 20&#8211;30&#37; en TC de control&#46; En el contexto del estudio de este neumot&#243;rax se descubre la existencia de varias met&#225;stasis&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl1"></elsevierMultimedia><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La coexistencia de un neumot&#243;rax junto con enfermedad pulmonar maligna es muy rara &#40;0&#44;37<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#8211;2&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib2"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> del total de los neumot&#243;rax&#41;&#44; siendo esta la causante del mismo en &#250;nicamente el 0&#44;03&#8211;0&#44;85&#37; de los neumot&#243;rax espont&#225;neos&#46; Cuando esta etiolog&#237;a maligna corresponde a enfermedad tumoral secundaria&#44; esta suele deberse a met&#225;stasis de tumores osteog&#233;nicos&#44; sarcomas de tejidos blandos y tumores de c&#233;lulas germinales&#44; siendo especialmente frecuente en aquellos casos en los que se haya administrado quimioterapia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib3"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para la producci&#243;n del neumot&#243;rax secundario a una met&#225;stasis se postulan 4 teor&#237;as principales&#44; las cuales son&#59; &#40;1&#41; necrosis directa del tumor por isquemia del mismo a causa del r&#225;pido crecimiento&#44; que condiciona la f&#237;stula broncopleural que motiva la fuga a&#233;rea persistente<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib4"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#59; &#40;2&#41; mecanismo valvular por la estenosis del bronquio debida al crecimiento de la neoplasia&#44; que produce una hiperinsuflaci&#243;n distal&#44; que resulta en una bulla que finalmente se rompe hacia la cavidad pleural<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib4"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#44; &#40;3&#41; la existencia previa de bronquitis o bullas enfisematosas&#44; las cuales terminan rompi&#233;ndose debido a la perturbaci&#243;n de la arquitectura pulmonar secundaria al c&#225;ncer<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib2"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> y &#40;4&#41;&#44; en raras ocasiones&#44; la afectaci&#243;n tumoral de la pleura&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El mecanismo etiopatog&#233;nico en este caso puede ser por una parte correspondiente a la rotura de las cavidades qu&#237;sticas subpleurales hacia pleura&#44; aunque tampoco es descartable la afectaci&#243;n directa pleural como mecanismo tanto de producci&#243;n como de perpetuaci&#243;n&#44; dada la positividad para c&#233;lulas compatibles con carcinoma epidermoide en el l&#237;quido pleural obtenido&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los carcinomas epidermoides de cabeza y cuello tienen una gran tendencia a la diseminaci&#243;n&#46; Si bien el &#243;rgano m&#225;s frecuentemente afectado es el pulm&#243;n&#44; la producci&#243;n de neumot&#243;rax espont&#225;neo secundario a estas es extremadamente raro&#44; habiendo &#250;nicamente otros 2 casos reflejados en la literatura<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib5"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a>&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En conclusi&#243;n&#44; el neumot&#243;rax espont&#225;neo asociado a met&#225;stasis pulmonar es una patolog&#237;a rara&#46; Aun as&#237;&#44; el neumot&#243;rax puede ser el primer signo de enfermedad metast&#225;sica pulmonar&#44; por lo que en pacientes con antecedentes neopl&#225;sicos deber&#225; realizarse su despistaje&#46;</p></span>"
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Carta al Director
Neumotórax itinerante como primera manifestación de metástasis de un cáncer de lengua
Air travel pneumothorax as a first sign of metastasis of cancer of the tongue
N.J.. Néstor José Martínez-Hernández
Corresponding author
nessmartinez@hotmail.com

Autor para correspondencia.
, J.M.. José Marcelo Galbis-Caravajal, Santiago Figueroa-Almanzar
Servicio de Cirugía Torácica, Consorci Hospital General Universitari de València, València, Espanya
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    "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El caso que presentamos &#40;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl1">tabla 1</a>&#41;&#44; corresponde a una mujer de 68 a&#241;os con historia 4 meses antes de su ingreso de carcinoma epidermoide de borde lingual tratado con cirug&#237;a y RT&#46; Tras pasar desapercibido el neumot&#243;rax en una radiograf&#237;a de urgencias&#44; la paciente es ingresada por neumot&#243;rax del 20&#8211;30&#37; en TC de control&#46; En el contexto del estudio de este neumot&#243;rax se descubre la existencia de varias met&#225;stasis&#46;</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl1"></elsevierMultimedia><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">La coexistencia de un neumot&#243;rax junto con enfermedad pulmonar maligna es muy rara &#40;0&#44;37<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib1"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a>&#8211;2&#37;<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib2"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> del total de los neumot&#243;rax&#41;&#44; siendo esta la causante del mismo en &#250;nicamente el 0&#44;03&#8211;0&#44;85&#37; de los neumot&#243;rax espont&#225;neos&#46; Cuando esta etiolog&#237;a maligna corresponde a enfermedad tumoral secundaria&#44; esta suele deberse a met&#225;stasis de tumores osteog&#233;nicos&#44; sarcomas de tejidos blandos y tumores de c&#233;lulas germinales&#44; siendo especialmente frecuente en aquellos casos en los que se haya administrado quimioterapia<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib3"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a>&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Para la producci&#243;n del neumot&#243;rax secundario a una met&#225;stasis se postulan 4 teor&#237;as principales&#44; las cuales son&#59; &#40;1&#41; necrosis directa del tumor por isquemia del mismo a causa del r&#225;pido crecimiento&#44; que condiciona la f&#237;stula broncopleural que motiva la fuga a&#233;rea persistente<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib4"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#59; &#40;2&#41; mecanismo valvular por la estenosis del bronquio debida al crecimiento de la neoplasia&#44; que produce una hiperinsuflaci&#243;n distal&#44; que resulta en una bulla que finalmente se rompe hacia la cavidad pleural<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib4"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a>&#44; &#40;3&#41; la existencia previa de bronquitis o bullas enfisematosas&#44; las cuales terminan rompi&#233;ndose debido a la perturbaci&#243;n de la arquitectura pulmonar secundaria al c&#225;ncer<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib2"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> y &#40;4&#41;&#44; en raras ocasiones&#44; la afectaci&#243;n tumoral de la pleura&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">El mecanismo etiopatog&#233;nico en este caso puede ser por una parte correspondiente a la rotura de las cavidades qu&#237;sticas subpleurales hacia pleura&#44; aunque tampoco es descartable la afectaci&#243;n directa pleural como mecanismo tanto de producci&#243;n como de perpetuaci&#243;n&#44; dada la positividad para c&#233;lulas compatibles con carcinoma epidermoide en el l&#237;quido pleural obtenido&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Los carcinomas epidermoides de cabeza y cuello tienen una gran tendencia a la diseminaci&#243;n&#46; Si bien el &#243;rgano m&#225;s frecuentemente afectado es el pulm&#243;n&#44; la producci&#243;n de neumot&#243;rax espont&#225;neo secundario a estas es extremadamente raro&#44; habiendo &#250;nicamente otros 2 casos reflejados en la literatura<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib5"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5&#44;6</span></a>&#46;</p><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">En conclusi&#243;n&#44; el neumot&#243;rax espont&#225;neo asociado a met&#225;stasis pulmonar es una patolog&#237;a rara&#46; Aun as&#237;&#44; el neumot&#243;rax puede ser el primer signo de enfermedad metast&#225;sica pulmonar&#44; por lo que en pacientes con antecedentes neopl&#225;sicos deber&#225; realizarse su despistaje&#46;</p></span>"
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          "leyenda" => "<p class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">AP&#58; Anatom&#237;a patol&#243;gica&#59; DET&#58; Drenaje endotor&#225;cico&#59; LID&#58; L&#243;bulo inferior derecho&#59; LSI&#58; L&#243;bulo superior izquierdo&#59; Rx&#58; Radiograf&#237;a de t&#243;rax&#46;</p>"
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                  \t\t\t\t"><ul class="elsevierStyleList"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Mujer de 68 a&#241;os</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Carcinoma epidermoide moderadamente diferenciado de borde lingual</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Hemiglosectom&#237;a izquierda&#43;vaciamiento bilateral&#40;2 ganglios positivos&#41;</p></li></ul>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><ul class="elsevierStyleList"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Neumot&#243;rax DERECHO desapercibido en la Rx</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Cuadro de infecci&#243;n de v&#237;a a&#233;rea alta&#43;herpes zoster&#58; Antibioterapia</p></li></ul>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><ul class="elsevierStyleList"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Resoluci&#243;n Neumot&#243;rax&#46; Retirada DET</p></li></ul>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><ul class="elsevierStyleList"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Resoluci&#243;n Neumot&#243;rax&#46; Retirada DET</p></li><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Recidiva Neumot&#243;rax izquierdo&#46; Colocaci&#243;n DET</p></li></ul>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                  \t\t\t\t"><ul class="elsevierStyleList"><li class="elsevierStyleListItem"><span class="elsevierStyleLabel">&#8226;</span><p class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">TC&#58; Neumatocele LSI&#46; Met&#225;stasis hep&#225;ticas y costales &#40;AP&#58; carcinoma epidermoide&#41;</p></li></ul>&nbsp;\t\t\t\t\t\t\n
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                            0 => "F&#46; Regueiro"
                            1 => "A&#46; Arnau"
                            2 => "D&#46; P&#233;rez"
                            3 => "M&#46;A&#46; Ca&#241;izares"
                            4 => "P&#46; Mart&#237;nez"
                            5 => "A&#46; Cant&#243;"
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                        "paginaFinal" => "57"
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Spontaneus pneumothorax as a first sign of pulmonary carcinoma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => false
                          "autores" => array:2 [
                            0 => "V&#46; Vencevi&#269;ius"
                            1 => "S&#46; Cic&#279;nas"
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                  ]
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1186/1477-7819-7-57"
                      "Revista" => array:5 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "World J Surg Oncol"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "7"
                        "paginaInicial" => "57"
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                0 => array:2 [
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                      "titulo" => "Bilateral recurrent pneumothorax complicating chemotherapy for pulmonary metastasic breast ductal carcinoma&#58; report of a case"
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                        0 => array:2 [
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                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "A&#46; Bini"
                            1 => "M&#46; Zompatori"
                            2 => "L&#46; Ansaloni"
                            3 => "M&#46; Grazia"
                            4 => "F&#46; Stella"
                            5 => "R&#46; Bazzocchi"
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                    0 => array:2 [
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                      "titulo" => "Neumot&#243;rax espont&#225;neo como primera manifestaci&#243;n de un carcinoma pulmonar"
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                            2 => "B&#46; Baschwitz G&#243;mez"
                            3 => "A&#46; P&#233;rez Carbonell"
                            4 => "J&#46;M&#46; Rodr&#237;guez Paniagua"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
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                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:7 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol"
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                        "paginaInicial" => "397"
                        "paginaFinal" => "400"
                        "link" => array:1 [
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                    0 => array:2 [
                      "titulo" => "Lingual carcinoma metastases presenting as spontaneous pneumothorax"
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                        0 => array:2 [
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                          "autores" => array:4 [
                            0 => "J&#46;S&#46; Hsu"
                            1 => "S&#46;H&#46; Chou"
                            2 => "K&#46;B&#46; Tsai"
                            3 => "M&#46;T&#46; Chuang"
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                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:2 [
                      "doi" => "10.1016/S0929-6646(09)60398-3"
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                        "tituloSerie" => "J Formos Med Assoc"
                        "fecha" => "2009"
                        "volumen" => "108"
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                        "paginaFinal" => "738"
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                      "titulo" => "Spontaneous pneumothorax complicating lung metastasis from lingual carcinoma"
                      "autores" => array:1 [
                        0 => array:2 [
                          "etal" => true
                          "autores" => array:6 [
                            0 => "K&#46; Yamazaki"
                            1 => "K&#46; Sugio"
                            2 => "T&#46; Sakada"
                            3 => "K&#46; Nishioka"
                            4 => "S&#46; Tsukamoto"
                            5 => "C&#46; Ushijima"
                          ]
                        ]
                      ]
                    ]
                  ]
                  "host" => array:1 [
                    0 => array:1 [
                      "Revista" => array:6 [
                        "tituloSerie" => "Scand Cardiovasc J"
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Article information
ISSN: 03002896
Original language: Spanish
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