Características asmáticas en pacientes fumadores con enfisema avanzado
Asthmatic characteristics in smokers with advanced emphysema
Read
9869
Timeswas read the article
1993
Total PDF
7876
Total HTML
Share statistics
array:23 [ "pii" => "S0300289603753654" "issn" => "03002896" "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(03)75365-4" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2003-05-01" "aid" => "75365" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica" "copyrightAnyo" => "2003" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2003;39:221-5" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 7124 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 73 "HTML" => 6421 "PDF" => 630 ] ] "itemSiguiente" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0300289603753666" "issn" => "03002896" "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(03)75366-6" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2003-05-01" "aid" => "75366" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2003;39:226-32" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 2012 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 74 "HTML" => 906 "PDF" => 1032 ] ] "es" => array:7 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Toma de decisiones en el manejo clínico de los pacientes con esclerosis lateral amiotrófica" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "226" "paginaFinal" => "232" ] ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "E. Farrero, E. Prats, J. Escarrabill" "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Farrero" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "E." "apellidos" => "Prats" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Escarrabill" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289603753666?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/03002896/0000003900000005/v1_201307081449/S0300289603753666/v1_201307081449/es/main.assets" ] "itemAnterior" => array:18 [ "pii" => "S0300289603753642" "issn" => "03002896" "doi" => "10.1016/S0300-2896(03)75364-2" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2003-05-01" "aid" => "75364" "copyright" => "Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica" "documento" => "article" "crossmark" => 0 "subdocumento" => "fla" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2003;39:217-20" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 7270 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 91 "HTML" => 6375 "PDF" => 804 ] ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Lobectomía frente a resección limitada en el tratamiento del cáncer pulmonar no microcítico en estadio I. Estudio de 78 casos" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "tieneResumen" => array:2 [ 0 => "es" 1 => "en" ] "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "217" "paginaFinal" => "220" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Lobectomy versus limited resection to treat non-small cell lung cancer in stage I: a study of 78 cases" ] ] "contieneResumen" => array:2 [ "es" => true "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "J.J. Fibla Alfara, G. Gómez Sebastián, C. Farina Ríos, A. Carvajal Carrasco, G. Estrada Saló, C. León González" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "J.J." "apellidos" => "Fibla Alfara" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Gómez Sebastián" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "Farina Ríos" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Carvajal Carrasco" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "G." "apellidos" => "Estrada Saló" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "C." "apellidos" => "León González" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289603753642?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/03002896/0000003900000005/v1_201307081449/S0300289603753642/v1_201307081449/es/main.assets" ] "es" => array:14 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "titulo" => "Características asmáticas en pacientes fumadores con enfisema avanzado" "tieneTextoCompleto" => 0 "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "221" "paginaFinal" => "225" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "A. Pacheco, L. Máiz, J. Gaudó, M.J. Pavón, M. Cuevas, S. Quirce" "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "A." "apellidos" => "Pacheco" "referencia" => array:2 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">¿</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "L." "apellidos" => "Máiz" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "J." "apellidos" => "Gaudó" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M.J." "apellidos" => "Pavón" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "M." "apellidos" => "Cuevas" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "nombre" => "S." "apellidos" => "Quirce" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:3 [ 0 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Universidad de Alcalá. Madrid. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">a</span>" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] 1 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Inmunología. Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Universidad de Alcalá. Madrid. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">b</span>" "identificador" => "aff0010" ] 2 => array:3 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Alergia. Fundación Jiménez Diaz. Madrid. España" "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">c</span>" "identificador" => "aff0015" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Correspondencia: Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Ramón y Cajal. Universidad de Alcalá.Ctra. Colmenar, km 9. 28034 Madrid. España" ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Asthmatic characteristics in smokers with advanced emphysema" ] ] "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "fechaRecibido" => "2002-05-26" "fechaAceptado" => "2002-10-23" "PalabrasClave" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Palabras clave" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec190326" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Enfisema" 1 => "Asma" 2 => "Atopia" 3 => "Hiperreactividad bronquial" 4 => "Inmunoglobulina E" ] ] ] "en" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "clase" => "keyword" "titulo" => "Keywords" "identificador" => "xpalclavsec190325" "palabras" => array:5 [ 0 => "Emphysema" 1 => "Asthma" 2 => "Atopy" 3 => "Bronchial hyperresponsiveness" 4 => "Immunoglobulin E" ] ] ] ] "tieneResumen" => true "resumen" => array:2 [ "es" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objetivos</span><p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">La mayoría de los neumólogos asumen que el asma crónica y el enfisema asociado al fumar difieren tanto en su origen como en el tipo de inflamación, pero es difícil que se estudie a individuos que presenten simultáneamente ambos procesos. Nosotros pretendemos averiguar mediante un análisis prospectivo si una porción de pacientes fumadores con enfisema avanzado tienen un perfil asmático, lo que supondría un solapamiento de ambas entidades</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Pacientes Y Método</span><p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Se estudió a una población de 23 fumadores afectados de obstrucción moderada a grave al flujo aéreo y con criterios radiológicos de enfisema avanzado. Se analizó en todos los pacientes el perfil asmático definido mediante 5 características: respuesta aguda positiva a broncodilatadores, eosinofilia en sangre periférica, eosinófilos en esputo significativos, IgE sérica total significativa e IgE específica positiva a alergenos comunes y hongos. Se consideró presente el perfil asmático si se daban en un paciente tres o más de las características citadas. El análisis estadístico se hizo construyendo intervalos de confianza sobre los casos positivos totales para estimar la proporción poblacional</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Resultados</span><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">De los 23 pacientes, en 21 se pudo analizar al menos 4 de las características. De los 21 pacientes, 10 (48%) presentaban un perfil asmático, es decir, tenían tres o más de las características antes señaladas. Este dato supone una proporción positiva de la presencia de características asmáticas de entre el 17,6 y el 79,6% de la población analizada con enfisema avanzado, con un intervalo de confianza del 99,9% de probabilidad</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusiones</span><p id="spar0020" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">En el enfisema asociado en principio al hábito de fumar se podría admitir que al menos un 17,6% de los pacientes presentan un perfil asmático evidente, lo que supone un alto grado de solapamiento entre asma y enfisema del fumador, y por eso no se desmiente la teoría holandesa sobre el origen común de las enfermedades obstructivas crónicas que sostiene una base inicial de sensibilización alérgica e hiperreactividad bronquial e influencias diversas, como el humo de tabaco, en la evolución final a largo plazo</p>" ] "en" => array:1 [ "resumen" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Objectives</span><p id="spar0025" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Most pneumologists assume that chronic asthma and emphysema associated with smoking differ both in their etiology and type of inflammation. However, it is difficult to study subjects who have both diseases simultaneously. We designed a prospective study to determine whether or not some advanced emphysema patients who are smokers have an asthmatic profile suggesting the two diseases overlap</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Patients And Method</span><p id="spar0030" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Twenty-three smokers with moderate to severe obstruction and radiologic signs of advanced emphysema were studied. The following signs of asthma were analyzed for all patients: positive acute response to bronchodilators, eosinophilia in peripheral blood, significant eosinophilia in sputum, significant total serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) and specific IgE positive for common allergens and fungi. An asthmatic profile was defined as the presence of 3 or more of the aforementioned signs. Statistical analysis was by calculation of the confidence interval on the total number of positive cases to estimate the population percentage</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Results</span><p id="spar0035" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Data on at least 4 characteristics were available for 21 of the 23 patients. Ten (48%) of the 21 had asthmatic profiles (3 or more of the aforementioned characteristics). This finding suggests that asthmatic characteristics are present in between 17.6 and 79.6% of the studied population with advanced emphysema, with a confidence interval of 99.9%</p> <span class="elsevierStyleSectionTitle">Conclusions</span><p id="spar0040" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">We conclude that emphysema initially associated with smoking may mean that at least 17.6% of patients have a clear asthmatic profile, which indicates a high degree of overlap between asthma and emphysema in smokers. Thus, our findings are consistent with the Dutch theory that chronic obstructive diseases have a common origin in underlying allergic sensitization and bronchial hyperresponsiveness alongside various other influential factors such as tobacco smoking over the course of disease</p>" ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bibliografía" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0005" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:27 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0005" "etiqueta" => "1." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Epidemiologic evidence for different types of chronic airflow obstruction" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "B. Burrows" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm/143.6.1452" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis" "fecha" => "1991" "volumen" => "143" "paginaInicial" => "1452" "paginaFinal" => "1455" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2048836" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0010" "etiqueta" => "2." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Atopy as a risk factor for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Epidemiologic evidence" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "S.T. Weiss" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2000" "volumen" => "162" "numero" => "Suppl" "paginaInicial" => "134" "paginaFinal" => "136" ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0015" "etiqueta" => "3." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A prospective longitudinal study of methacholine airway responsiveness as a predictor of pulmonary function decline: the Normative Aging Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "G.T. O'Connor" 1 => "D. Sparrow" 2 => "S.T. Weiss" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.152.1.7599868" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "152" "paginaInicial" => "87" "paginaFinal" => "92" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7599868" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0020" "etiqueta" => "4." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Remodeling in asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "P.K. Jeffery" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2001" "volumen" => "164" "numero" => "Suppl" "paginaInicial" => "28" "paginaFinal" => "38" ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0025" "etiqueta" => "5." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Corticosteroid reversibility in COPD is related to features of asthma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "P. Chanez" 1 => "A.M. Vignola" 2 => "T. O'Shaugnessy" 3 => "I. Enender" 4 => "D. Li" 5 => "K. Jeffery" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.155.5.9154853" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1997" "volumen" => "155" "paginaInicial" => "1529" "paginaFinal" => "1534" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9154853" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0030" "etiqueta" => "6." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Induced sputum, eosinophilic bronchitis, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:2 [ 0 => "F.E. Hargreave" 1 => "R. Leigh" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "160" "paginaInicial" => "553" "paginaFinal" => "557" ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0035" "etiqueta" => "7." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "A 15-year follow- up study of ventilatory function in adults with asthma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "P. Lange" 1 => "J. Parner" 2 => "J. Vestbo" 3 => "P. Shnorh" 4 => "G. Jensen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1056/NEJM199810223391703" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "N Engl J Med" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "339" "paginaInicial" => "1194" "paginaFinal" => "2000" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9780339" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0040" "etiqueta" => "8." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "ATS statement standards for the diagnosis and care of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "American Thoracic Society" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "152" "numero" => "Suppl" "paginaInicial" => "77" "paginaFinal" => "121" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0045" "etiqueta" => "9." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Bilateral pneumectomy (volume reduction) for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.D. Cooper" 1 => "E.P. Trulock" 2 => "A.N. Triantafillou" 3 => "G.A. Patterson" 4 => "M.S. Pohl" 5 => "P.A. Deloney" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/S0022-5223(95)70426-4" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "109" "paginaInicial" => "106" "paginaFinal" => "119" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7815786" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0050" "etiqueta" => "10." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The Dutch Hypothesis (chronic non-specific lung disease) revisited" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "H.J. Sluiter" 1 => "G.H. Koeter" 2 => "J.G.R. De Monchy" 3 => "D.S. Postma" 4 => "K. DE Vries" 5 => "N.G.M. Orie" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "1991" "volumen" => "4" "paginaInicial" => "479" "paginaFinal" => "489" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1855577" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 10 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "11." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Hipersensibilidad a Candida albicans en una población afecta de obstrucción crónica al flujo aéreo" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "A. Pacheco Galván" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Análisis mediante marcadores inmunológicos específicos [tesis doctoral]" "serieFecha" => "1998" ] ] ] ] ] ] 11 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "12." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Guidelines for the evaluation of impairment/ disability in patients with asthma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "colaboracion" => "American Thoracic Society" "etal" => false ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm/147.4.1056" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am Rev Respir Dis" "fecha" => "1993" "volumen" => "147" "paginaInicial" => "1056" "paginaFinal" => "1061" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8466106" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 12 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "13." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "ST. Chronic respiratory symptoms and airway responsiveness to methacholine are associated with eosinophilia in older men; the Normative Aging Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.T. Annema" 1 => "D. Sparrow" 2 => "G.T. O'Connor" 3 => "B. Rijcken" 4 => "G.H. Koeter" 5 => "D.S. Postma" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "8" "paginaInicial" => "62" "paginaFinal" => "69" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7744195" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 13 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "14." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "J. Cohen" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "LibroEditado" => array:3 [ "titulo" => "Statistical power analysis for the behavioral sciences" "edicion" => "2nd edition" "serieFecha" => "1988" ] ] ] ] ] ] 14 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "15." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The natural history of asthma in adults: the problem of irreversibility" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => "E. Reed Ch" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Allergy Clin Immunol" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "103" "paginaInicial" => "539" "paginaFinal" => "547" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10199998" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 15 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "16." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Eosinophilic inflammation in stable chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "G. Balzano" 1 => "F. Stefanelli" 2 => "C. Iorio" 3 => "A. De Felice" 4 => "E.M. Melillo" 5 => "M. Martucci" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.160.5.9810105" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "160" "paginaInicial" => "1486" "paginaFinal" => "1492" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10556110" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 16 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "17." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Eosinophilic inflammation in the airway is related to glucocorticoid reversibility in patients with pulmonary emphysema" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "K. Fujimoto" 1 => "K. Kubo" 2 => "H. Yamamoto" 3 => "S. Yamaguchi" 4 => "Y. Matsuzawa" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "115" "paginaInicial" => "697" "paginaFinal" => "702" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10084478" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 17 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "18." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Morphologic aspects of airways of patients with pulmonary emphysema followed by bronchial asthma-like attack" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "M. Haraguchi" 1 => "S. Shimura" 2 => "K. Shirato" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564111" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1996" "volumen" => "153" "paginaInicial" => "638" "paginaFinal" => "643" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8564111" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 18 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "19." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Responsiveness and variability of airflow obstruction in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "A. Nagai" 1 => "W.M. Thurlbeck" 2 => "K. Cono" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.151.3.7881649" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1995" "volumen" => "151" "paginaInicial" => "635" "paginaFinal" => "639" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7881649" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 19 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "20." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Sputum eosinophilia predicts benefit from prednisone in smokers with chronic obstructive bronchitis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "E. Pizzichini" 1 => "M.M.M. Pizzichini" 2 => "P.G. Gibson" 3 => "K. Parameswaran" 4 => "G.J. Gleich" 5 => "L. Berman" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.158.5.9804028" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1998" "volumen" => "158" "paginaInicial" => "1511" "paginaFinal" => "1517" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9817701" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 20 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0105" "etiqueta" => "21." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Eosinophilic bronchitis: clinical manifestations and implications for treatment" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "P.G. Gibson" 1 => "M. Fujimura" 2 => "A. Niimi" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Thorax" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "57" "paginaInicial" => "178" "paginaFinal" => "182" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11828051" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 21 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0110" "etiqueta" => "22." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Development of irreversible airflow obstruction in a patient with eosinophilic bronchitis without asthma" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "C.E. Brightling" 1 => "G. Woltman" 2 => "A.J. Wardlaw" 3 => "I.D. Pavord" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "1999" "volumen" => "14" "paginaInicial" => "1228" "paginaFinal" => "1230" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10596716" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 22 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0115" "etiqueta" => "23." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Total circulating IgE and FEV1 in adult men. An epidemiologic longitudinal study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "I. Annesi" 1 => "M.P. Oryszczyn" 2 => "C. Frette" 3 => "F. Neukirch" 4 => "E. Orvoen" 5 => "F. Kauffmann" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "1992" "volumen" => "101" "paginaInicial" => "642" "paginaFinal" => "648" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1541126" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 23 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0120" "etiqueta" => "24." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Determinants of percent predicted FEV1 in current asthmatic subjects" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:4 [ 0 => "M.G. Cline" 1 => "R. Dodge" 2 => "M.D. Lebowitz" 3 => "B. Burrows" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chest" "fecha" => "1994" "volumen" => "106" "paginaInicial" => "1089" "paginaFinal" => "1093" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7924478" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 24 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0125" "etiqueta" => "25." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Early life factors contribute to the decrease in lung function between ages 18 and 40" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "G.C. Apostol" 1 => "D.R. Jacobs" 2 => "A.W. Tsai" 3 => "R.S. Crow" 4 => "O.D. Williams" 5 => "M.C. Towsend" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/rccm.2007035" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2002" "volumen" => "166" "paginaInicial" => "166" "paginaFinal" => "172" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12119228" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 25 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0130" "etiqueta" => "26." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Methacholine reactivity predicts changes in lung function over time in smokers with early chronic obstructive pulmonary disease" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "D.P. Tashkin" 1 => "M.D. Altose" 2 => "J.E. Connett" 3 => "R.E. Kanner" 4 => "W.W. Lee" 5 => "R.A. Wise" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/ajrccm.153.6.8665038" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "1996" "volumen" => "153" "paginaInicial" => "1802" "paginaFinal" => "1811" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/8665038" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 26 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0135" "etiqueta" => "27." "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "referenciaCompleta" => "US Department of Health and Human Services, Public Health Service, National Heart Lung and Blood Institute. Bethesda (Maryland): Expert Panel report II: guidelines for the diagnosis and management of asthma; april 1997. NIH Publication n.o 97- 4051" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "url" => "/03002896/0000003900000005/v1_201307081449/S0300289603753654/v1_201307081449/es/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "9277" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Originales" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/03002896/0000003900000005/v1_201307081449/S0300289603753654/v1_201307081449/es/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://archbronconeumol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289603753654?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" ]
| Year/Month | Html | Total | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2024 November | 9 | 10 | 19 |
| 2024 October | 31 | 29 | 60 |
| 2024 September | 33 | 22 | 55 |
| 2024 August | 53 | 41 | 94 |
| 2024 July | 24 | 24 | 48 |
| 2024 June | 60 | 26 | 86 |
| 2024 May | 51 | 32 | 83 |
| 2024 April | 26 | 37 | 63 |
| 2024 March | 35 | 28 | 63 |
| 2024 February | 34 | 40 | 74 |
| 2024 January | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 2023 November | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2023 October | 0 | 5 | 5 |
| 2023 September | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2023 August | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2023 July | 0 | 4 | 4 |
| 2023 June | 0 | 3 | 3 |
| 2023 May | 0 | 1 | 1 |
| 2023 March | 9 | 2 | 11 |
| 2023 February | 26 | 30 | 56 |
| 2023 January | 24 | 24 | 48 |
| 2022 December | 36 | 28 | 64 |
| 2022 November | 40 | 20 | 60 |
| 2022 October | 34 | 52 | 86 |
| 2022 September | 29 | 44 | 73 |
| 2022 August | 33 | 41 | 74 |
| 2022 July | 27 | 34 | 61 |
| 2022 June | 52 | 33 | 85 |
| 2022 May | 61 | 29 | 90 |
| 2022 April | 42 | 36 | 78 |
| 2022 March | 42 | 38 | 80 |
| 2022 February | 31 | 32 | 63 |
| 2022 January | 25 | 27 | 52 |
| 2021 December | 31 | 36 | 67 |
| 2021 November | 25 | 46 | 71 |
| 2021 October | 34 | 52 | 86 |
| 2021 September | 24 | 64 | 88 |
| 2021 August | 16 | 37 | 53 |
| 2021 July | 54 | 27 | 81 |
| 2021 June | 16 | 34 | 50 |
| 2021 May | 34 | 34 | 68 |
| 2021 April | 40 | 51 | 91 |
| 2021 March | 32 | 19 | 51 |
| 2021 February | 42 | 17 | 59 |
| 2021 January | 22 | 22 | 44 |
| 2020 December | 28 | 14 | 42 |
| 2020 November | 14 | 7 | 21 |
| 2020 October | 20 | 12 | 32 |
| 2020 September | 14 | 7 | 21 |
| 2020 August | 24 | 8 | 32 |
| 2020 July | 35 | 23 | 58 |
| 2020 June | 17 | 12 | 29 |
| 2020 May | 23 | 19 | 42 |
| 2020 April | 15 | 12 | 27 |
| 2020 March | 19 | 23 | 42 |
| 2020 February | 30 | 12 | 42 |
| 2020 January | 43 | 28 | 71 |
| 2019 December | 16 | 19 | 35 |
| 2019 November | 13 | 10 | 23 |
| 2019 October | 13 | 10 | 23 |
| 2019 September | 15 | 14 | 29 |
| 2019 August | 15 | 5 | 20 |
| 2019 July | 14 | 20 | 34 |
| 2019 June | 13 | 9 | 22 |
| 2019 May | 27 | 35 | 62 |
| 2019 April | 21 | 30 | 51 |
| 2019 March | 16 | 20 | 36 |
| 2019 February | 12 | 8 | 20 |
| 2019 January | 12 | 12 | 24 |
| 2018 December | 17 | 13 | 30 |
| 2018 November | 25 | 14 | 39 |
| 2018 October | 41 | 16 | 57 |
| 2018 September | 22 | 10 | 32 |
| 2018 May | 6 | 1 | 7 |
| 2018 April | 10 | 5 | 15 |
| 2018 March | 8 | 7 | 15 |
| 2018 February | 6 | 10 | 16 |
| 2018 January | 3 | 9 | 12 |
| 2017 December | 11 | 16 | 27 |
| 2017 November | 6 | 4 | 10 |
| 2017 October | 3 | 11 | 14 |
| 2017 September | 11 | 10 | 21 |
| 2017 August | 11 | 9 | 20 |
| 2017 July | 14 | 14 | 28 |
| 2017 June | 17 | 23 | 40 |
| 2017 May | 12 | 11 | 23 |
| 2017 April | 5 | 8 | 13 |
| 2017 March | 5 | 22 | 27 |
| 2017 February | 3 | 6 | 9 |
| 2017 January | 6 | 7 | 13 |
| 2016 December | 10 | 11 | 21 |
| 2016 November | 15 | 14 | 29 |
| 2016 October | 19 | 20 | 39 |
| 2016 September | 26 | 18 | 44 |
| 2016 August | 23 | 16 | 39 |
| 2016 July | 13 | 7 | 20 |
| 2016 June | 36 | 18 | 54 |
| 2016 May | 17 | 9 | 26 |
| 2016 April | 8 | 3 | 11 |
| 2016 March | 7 | 4 | 11 |
| 2016 February | 7 | 2 | 9 |
| 2016 January | 41 | 21 | 62 |
| 2015 December | 27 | 19 | 46 |
| 2015 November | 37 | 11 | 48 |
| 2015 October | 66 | 1 | 67 |
| 2015 September | 59 | 0 | 59 |
| 2015 August | 44 | 0 | 44 |
| 2015 July | 57 | 0 | 57 |
| 2015 June | 43 | 0 | 43 |
| 2015 May | 81 | 0 | 81 |
| 2015 April | 64 | 0 | 64 |
| 2015 March | 78 | 0 | 78 |
| 2015 February | 49 | 0 | 49 |
| 2015 January | 44 | 0 | 44 |
| 2014 December | 45 | 0 | 45 |
| 2014 November | 61 | 0 | 61 |
| 2014 October | 57 | 0 | 57 |
| 2014 September | 34 | 0 | 34 |
| 2014 August | 49 | 0 | 49 |
| 2014 July | 41 | 0 | 41 |
| 2014 June | 45 | 0 | 45 |
| 2014 May | 82 | 0 | 82 |
| 2014 April | 68 | 0 | 68 |
| 2014 March | 59 | 0 | 59 |
| 2014 February | 45 | 0 | 45 |
| 2014 January | 45 | 0 | 45 |
| 2013 December | 37 | 0 | 37 |
| 2013 November | 47 | 0 | 47 |
| 2013 October | 51 | 0 | 51 |
| 2013 September | 56 | 0 | 56 |
| 2013 August | 51 | 0 | 51 |
| 2013 July | 75 | 0 | 75 |
| 2013 June | 43 | 0 | 43 |
| 2013 May | 45 | 0 | 45 |
| 2013 April | 36 | 0 | 36 |
| 2013 March | 18 | 0 | 18 |
| 2000 January | 3967 | 0 | 3967 |
Show all
