Journal Information
Vol. 44. Issue 9.
Pages 478-483 (January 2008)
Share
Share
Download PDF
More article options
Vol. 44. Issue 9.
Pages 478-483 (January 2008)
Original Articles
Full text access
Effectiveness and Tolerance of Antituberculosis Treatment Regimens Without Isoniazid and Rifampicin: Analysis of 85 Cases
Visits
5054
José R. Tosta,b, Rafael Vidalc,
Corresponding author
ravidal@vhebron.net

Correspondence: Dr R. Vidal Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron Pg. Vall d'Hebron, 119-129 08035 Barcelona, Spain
, José Maldonadod, Joan A. Caylàe
a Servicio de Urgencias, Hospital de Terrassa, Terrassa, Barcelona, Spain
b Servicio de Neumología, CIBERES, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
c Servicio de Neumología, Hospital Universitario Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain
d Serveis Clínics, Barcelona, Spain
e Agència de Salut Pública de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain
This item has received
Article information
Objective

To determine if isoniazid-and/or rifampicin-free antituberculosis treatment regimens are safe and effective and to identify any factors that might require changes in the regimens.

Patients and methods

We carried out a retrospective study of patients treated with isoniazid-and/or rifampicin-free regimens between 1995 and 2005 at 2 specialized hospitals in Barcelona, Spain. Predictive factors were studied by logistic regression and the odds ratio; 95% confidence intervals were calculated.

Results

Eighty-five patients were included in the study: 35% were immigrants and 34% were infected with human immunodeficiency virus. The reason for omitting isoniazid or rifampicin was toxicity (53%), followed by multidrug resistance (39%). Rifampicin-free regimens were most common (42%). A change in the isoniazid-and/or rifampicin-free regimen was required in 30% of cases, but was not associated with being an immigrant. The rate of toxicity with these regimens was higher (36%), although progress was always satisfactory. Clinical course was satisfactory in 77% of patients and they were discharged.

Conclusions

Isoniazid-and/or rifampicin-free regimens with adequate follow-up showed similar treatment outcomes compared with standardized treatment regimens. Although these regimens were more toxic, patient progress was good.

Key words:
Antituberculosis drugs
Tuberculosis
Drug resistance
Drug toxicity
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Objetivo

Determinar si las pautas de tratamiento antituberculoso sin isoniacida y/o rifampicina (PsHR) son efectivas y seguras, y conocer los factores que obligan a cambiarlas.

Pacientes y métodos

Se ha realizado un estudio retrospectivo de los pacientes tratados con PsHR entre 1995 y 2005 en 2 centros especializados de Barcelona. Los factores predictores se estudiaron mediante regresión logística, calculándose las odds ratio y sus intervalos de confianza del 95%.

Resultados

Se incluyó en el estudio a 85 pacientes. Un 35% eran inmigrantes y un 34% estaban infectados por el virus de la inmunodeficiencia humana. La causa de no administrar isoniacida y/o rifampicina fue sobre todo la toxicidad (53%), seguida de resistencia a fármacos antituberculosos (39%). Las pautas sin rifampicina fueron las más frecuentes (42%). Fue preciso cambiar la PsHR en el 30% de los casos y esto se asoció a no ser inmigrante. La toxicidad de las pautas fue más elevada (36%), aunque su evolución fue siempre favorable. El 77% de los pacientes tuvo una evolución satisfactoria y fue dado de alta.

Conclusiones

Las PsHR, con un buen seguimiento, poseen una efectividad similar a las pautas estándar y, aunque su toxicidad es más elevada, ésta sigue una evolución correcta.

Palabras clave:
Fármacos antituberculosos
Tuberculosis
Resistencia a fármacos
Toxicidad farmacológica
Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Full text is only aviable in PDF
References
[1]
W Fox.
Whither short-course chemotherapy?.
Br J Dis Chest, 75 (1981), pp. 331-357
[2]
World Health Organization.
Treatment of tuberculosis. Guidelines for National Programmes. WHO Report 2003. Document WHO/CDS/TB 2003/313, World Health Organization, (2003),
[3]
JA Caylà, JA Caminero, R Rey, N Lara, X Vallés, H Galdós-Tangüis.
Working Group on Completion of Tuberculosis Treatment in Spain. Current status of treatment completion and fatality among tuberculosis patients in Spain.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 8 (2004), pp. 458-464
[4]
M Díez, JA Hernández, T Caloto, C Castells, A Domínguez, AM García, et al.
Resultados del tratamiento antituberculoso en seis comunidades autónomas españolas.
Med Clin (Barc), 117 (2001), pp. 574-580
[5]
HM Blumberg, WJ Burman, RE Chaisson, CL Daley, SC Etkind, LN Friedman, et al.
American Thoracic Society/Centers for Disease Control and Prevention/Infectious Diseases Society of America: treatment of tuberculosis.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 167 (2003), pp. 603-662
[6]
A Faustini, AJ Hall, CA Perucci.
Tuberculosis treatment outcomes in Europe: a systematic review.
Eur Respir J, 26 (2005), pp. 503-510
[7]
ED Chan, V Laurel, MJ Strand, MJ Chan, ML Huynh, M Goble, et al.
Treatment and outcome analysis of 205 patients with multidrugresistant tuberculosis.
Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 169 (2004), pp. 1103-1109
[8]
GB Migliori, G Besozzi, E Girardi, K Kliiman, C Lange, OS Toungoussova, et al.
Clinical and operational value of the extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis definition.
Eur Respir J, 30 (2007), pp. 623-626
[9]
R Vidal, R Rey, A Espinar, P de March, C Melero, JM Pina, et al.
Tratamiento y retratamiento de la tuberculosis.
Arch Bronconeumol, 32 (1996), pp. 463-474
[10]
NW Schluger.
The impact of drug resistance on the global tuberculosis epidemic.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 4 (2000), pp. S71-S75
[11]
DA Mitchison, AJ Nunn.
Influence of initial drug resistance on the response to short-course chemotherapy of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 133 (1986), pp. 423-430
[12]
ID Bobrowitz.
Ethambutol-isoniazid vs. streptomycin-ethambutolisoniazid in original treatment of cavitary tuberculosis.
Am Rev Respir Dis, 109 (1974), pp. 548-553
[13]
MA Espinal, SJ Kim, PG Suarez, KM Kam, AG Khomenko, GB Migliori, et al.
Standard short-course chemotherapy for drug-resistant tuberculosis: treatment outcomes in 6 countries.
JAMA, 283 (2000), pp. 2537-2545
[14]
K Tahao lu, T Törün, T Sevim, G Ataç, A Kir, L Karasulu, et al.
The treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in Turkey.
N Engl J Med, 345 (2001), pp. 170-174
[15]
JA Caminero.
Treatment of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis: evidence and controversies.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 10 (2006), pp. 829-837
[16]
World Health Organization.
Guidelines for the programmatic management of drug-resistant tuberculosis. WHO/HTM/TB/2006.361, WHO, (2006),
[17]
JA Caminero.
Management of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis and patients in retreatment.
Eur Respir J, 25 (2005), pp. 928-936
[18]
SK Park, CT Kim, SD Song.
Outcome of chemotherapy in 107 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis resistant to isoniazid and rifampin.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 2 (1998), pp. 877-884
[19]
CM Nolan, SV Goldberg, SE Buskin.
Hepatotoxicity associated with isoniazid preventive therapy: a 7-year survey from a public health tuberculosis clinic.
JAMA, 281 (1999), pp. 1014-1018
[20]
J Tost, R Vidal, J Caylà, J Broquetas, D Díaz Cabanela, A Jiménez.
Severe hepatotoxicity due to anti-tuberculosis drugs in Spain.
Int J Tuberc Lung Dis, 9 (2005), pp. 534-540
[21]
R Vidal Pla, X de Gracia, B Gallego, C Algueró, C Bravo.
Hepatotoxicidad del tratamiento de la tuberculosis.
Med Clin (Barc), 97 (1991), pp. 481-485
[22]
F Durand, J Bernuau, D Pessayre, D Samuel, J Belaiche, C Degott, et al.
Deleterious influence of pyrazinamide on the outcome of patients with fulminant or subfulminant liver failure during antituberculous treatment including isoniazid.
Hepatology, 21 (1995), pp. 929-932
[23]
MA Jiménez.
Prevenció i control de la tuberculosi en els immigrants.
Annals de Medicina, 89 (2006), pp. 5-7
[24]
EL Corbett, CJ Watt, N Walker, D Maher, BG Williams, MC Raviglione, et al.
The growing burden of tuberculosis: global trends and interactions with the HIV epidemic.
Arch Intern Med, 163 (2003), pp. 1009-1021
[25]
PM Small, GF Schecter, PC Goodman, MA Sande, RE Chaisson, PC Hopewell, et al.
Treatment of tuberculosis in patients with advanced human immunodeficiency virus infection.
N Engl J Med, 324 (1991), pp. 289-294

This study was funded in part by a grant from the Catalan Society de Pneumology (SOCAP) in 2006 for the Development of Pulmonology Research.

Copyright © 2008. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica (SEPAR)
Archivos de Bronconeumología
Article options
Tools

Are you a health professional able to prescribe or dispense drugs?