Share
array:23 [ "pii" => "S1579212918300405" "issn" => "15792129" "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbr.2018.02.010" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2018-04-01" "aid" => "1755" "copyright" => "SEPAR" "copyrightAnyo" => "2017" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2018;54:238-9" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1072 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 136 "HTML" => 621 "PDF" => 315 ] ] "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S0300289617304015" "issn" => "03002896" "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2017.10.011" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2018-04-01" "aid" => "1755" "copyright" => "SEPAR" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2018;54:238-9" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1592 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 149 "HTML" => 959 "PDF" => 484 ] ] "es" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Carta al Director</span>" "titulo" => "¿Existe un mayor impacto de la tos en la calidad de vida según el pronóstico de bronquiectasias?" "tienePdf" => "es" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "es" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "238" "paginaFinal" => "239" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "en" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Does The Impact Of Cough On Quality Of Life In Bronchiectasis Depend On Prognosis?" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "es" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Rosa María Girón Moreno, Ana Sánchez Azofra, Beatriz Aldave Orzaiz, M. Teresa Pastor Sanz, Julio Ancochea" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Rosa María" "apellidos" => "Girón Moreno" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "Sánchez Azofra" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Beatriz" "apellidos" => "Aldave Orzaiz" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M. Teresa" "apellidos" => "Pastor Sanz" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Julio" "apellidos" => "Ancochea" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "en" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S1579212918300405" "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbr.2018.02.010" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212918300405?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289617304015?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/03002896/0000005400000004/v2_201804150418/S0300289617304015/v2_201804150418/es/main.assets" ] ] "itemAnterior" => array:19 [ "pii" => "S1579212918300399" "issn" => "15792129" "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbr.2018.02.009" "estado" => "S300" "fechaPublicacion" => "2018-04-01" "aid" => "1754" "copyright" => "SEPAR" "documento" => "simple-article" "crossmark" => 1 "subdocumento" => "cor" "cita" => "Arch Bronconeumol. 2018;54:237-8" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => false "ES2" => false "LATM" => false ] "gratuito" => false "lecturas" => array:2 [ "total" => 1143 "formatos" => array:3 [ "EPUB" => 132 "HTML" => 706 "PDF" => 305 ] ] "en" => array:10 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>" "titulo" => "The Role of FE<span class="elsevierStyleInf">NO</span> in the Diagnosis and Control of Asthma. Expert Multidisciplinary Group Debate during the Asthma Meeting Point 2017" "tienePdf" => "en" "tieneTextoCompleto" => "en" "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "237" "paginaFinal" => "238" ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "Papel de la medición de la FE<span class="elsevierStyleInf">NO</span> en el diagnóstico y control del asma. Debate del grupo multidisciplinar de expertos de la reunión Asma Meeting Point 2017" ] ] "contieneTextoCompleto" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "contienePdf" => array:1 [ "en" => true ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "autoresLista" => "Vicente Plaza, Borja G. Cosio, Luís Manuel Entrenas, José María Olaguíbel, Luis Pérez de Llano, Santiago Quirce" "autores" => array:7 [ 0 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Vicente" "apellidos" => "Plaza" ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Borja G." "apellidos" => "Cosio" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luís Manuel" "apellidos" => "Entrenas" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "José María" "apellidos" => "Olaguíbel" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Luis" "apellidos" => "Pérez de Llano" ] 5 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Santiago" "apellidos" => "Quirce" ] 6 => array:1 [ "colaborador" => "members of the Multidisciplinary Group of Asthma Meeting Point (AMP) 2017" ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "Traduccion" => array:1 [ "es" => array:9 [ "pii" => "S0300289617304003" "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2017.09.016" "estado" => "S300" "subdocumento" => "" "abierto" => array:3 [ "ES" => true "ES2" => true "LATM" => true ] "gratuito" => true "lecturas" => array:1 [ "total" => 0 ] "idiomaDefecto" => "es" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S0300289617304003?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" ] ] "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212918300399?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" "url" => "/15792129/0000005400000004/v2_201804150412/S1579212918300399/v2_201804150412/en/main.assets" ] "en" => array:14 [ "idiomaDefecto" => true "cabecera" => "<span class="elsevierStyleTextfn">Letter to the Editor</span>" "titulo" => "Does the Impact of Cough on Quality of Life in Bronchiectasis Depend on Prognosis?" "tieneTextoCompleto" => true "saludo" => "Dear Editor," "paginas" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "paginaInicial" => "238" "paginaFinal" => "239" ] ] "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:4 [ "autoresLista" => "Rosa María Girón Moreno, Ana Sánchez Azofra, Beatriz Aldave Orzaiz, M. Teresa Pastor Sanz, Julio Ancochea" "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => array:4 [ "nombre" => "Rosa María" "apellidos" => "Girón Moreno" "email" => array:1 [ 0 => "rmgiron@gmail.com" ] "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSup">*</span>" "identificador" => "cor0005" ] ] ] 1 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Ana" "apellidos" => "Sánchez Azofra" ] 2 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Beatriz" "apellidos" => "Aldave Orzaiz" ] 3 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "M. Teresa" "apellidos" => "Pastor Sanz" ] 4 => array:2 [ "nombre" => "Julio" "apellidos" => "Ancochea" ] ] "afiliaciones" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "entidad" => "Servicio de Neumología, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IISP), Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain" "identificador" => "aff0005" ] ] "correspondencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "cor0005" "etiqueta" => "⁎" "correspondencia" => "Corresponding author." ] ] ] ] "titulosAlternativos" => array:1 [ "es" => array:1 [ "titulo" => "¿Existe un mayor impacto de la tos en la calidad de vida según el pronóstico de bronquiectasias?" ] ] "textoCompleto" => "<span class="elsevierStyleSections"><p id="par0005" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">The Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) is a simple instrument comprising 19 questions that measure the impact of cough on quality of life in the last 2 weeks, in 3 domains: physical (8 items), psychological (7 items), and social (4 items). It has been validated in non-cystic fibrosis (non-CF) bronchiectasis (BE) in English by Murray et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1</span></a> and in Spanish, a few years ago, by Muñoz et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> No data have been published to date on how the LCQ relates with differences in sex or BE severity according to the FACED and EFACED indices, so we believed it would be of interest to explore these factors.</p><p id="par0010" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We conducted a study (Hospital de la Princesa Ethics Committee approval no. PI-828), in which 99 stable patients (no exacerbations for 3 weeks), with a diagnosis on high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of non-CF BE according to the criteria of Naidich et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0065"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">3</span></a> were included consecutively over a period of 4 months. The following variables were collected: age, sex, smoking habit, body mass index, dyspnea grade (according to the modified Medical Research Council scale), lung function, chronic bronchial infection (isolation of the same organism in 3 consecutive sputum samples obtained at least 1 month apart), and possible etiology of BE, after completion of the tests recommended by the diagnostic algorithm of the SEPAR Guidelines.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0070"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">4</span></a> BE was classified on HRCT as cylindrical or cystic, and by extent: localized if it affected 1 or 2 lobes, or diffuse if more (taking the lingula as an independent lobe). Patients were evaluated for respiratory exacerbations (need for antibiotic treatments due to increased respiratory symptoms) and hospitalizations for exacerbations in the last 2 years. BE severity was calculated using FACED and EFACED scores.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a></p><p id="par0015" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">We included 68 women and 31 men, mean age 66.95±15.0 years, with a mean LCQ score (15.67±4.34) indicating cough with a moderate impact on quality of life; mean FACED score: 2.89±1.36; and mean EFACED score: 3.24±1.53. In total, 42.4% and 53.5% were classified as mild; 46.5% and 41.4% as moderate; and 8.1% and 2.0% as severe, according to FACED and EFACED, respectively.</p><p id="par0020" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A significant difference was observed when LCQ was analyzed according to sex, with women obtaining worse scores in all domains (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).</p><elsevierMultimedia ident="tbl0005"></elsevierMultimedia><p id="par0025" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">A weak-moderate negative correlation was found between EFACED and the total score and all domains of the LCQ, but not for FACED (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>). Although the impact of cough increased as BE severity increased, this trend was not significant (<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#tbl0005">Table 1</a>).</p><p id="par0030" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In the validation of the Spanish version of the LCQ by Muñoz et al.,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0060"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">2</span></a> BE was classified by severity according to color of expectoration, bacterial colonization, type and extent of BE, volume of sputum, FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>, and dyspnea. LCQ was associated with BE severity. In our study, we used the prognostic BE scales, and found a mild-moderate correlation, particularly with EFACED.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0075"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">5,6</span></a> When analyzed by sex, cough was seen to have a greater impact on quality of life in women in all LCQ domains, most markedly in the psychological domain, while BE severity was similar among the sexes. Cough in BE is frequently associated with expectoration, and it could be postulated that this is less accepted among women, both culturally and socially. It has also been observed in clinical practice that an episode of intense coughing can, in some cases, be accompanied by urinary stress incontinence. This finding regarding LCQ in women is important, and perhaps calls for a deeper investigation into how cough affects quality of life. Some years ago, we reported a greater prevalence of depression among women with BE, and perhaps the greater impact of cough among women as a risk factor for depression worth exploring.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0085"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">7</span></a></p><p id="par0035" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">Quality of life questionnaires provide standardized measurements of declining health, and show the gap between expected quality of life and patient-perceived quality of life.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0090"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">8</span></a> In a recently published article, Spinou et al.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a> conducted a systematic analysis of all studies that used quality of life questionnaires in non-CF BE. The LCQ was used in 9 studies. All questionnaires had moderate to good internal consistency and reproducibility, and were more closely associated with subjective measurements such as dyspnea, than with objective measurements such as exercise tolerance, FEV<span class="elsevierStyleInf">1</span>, or extent of BE on HRCT.<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0095"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">9</span></a></p><p id="par0040" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">LCQ is a questionnaire that, while not specifically aimed at BE patients, is simple to use and provides a reliable indication of response to treatment of an exacerbation, optimization, or introduction of a new therapy,<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRefs" href="#bib0055"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">1,2</span></a> and would be very useful to implement in standard clinical practice. We used FACED and EFACED scores to classify BE severity, although other systems serve the same function, such as the Bronchiectasis Severity Index (BSI),<a class="elsevierStyleCrossRef" href="#bib0100"><span class="elsevierStyleSup">10</span></a> which includes other variables to create a more complex tool, more oriented toward research or specific clinical cases.</p><p id="par0045" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">This study has a number of limitations, including the number and characteristics of the patients, who were recruited exclusively from the dedicated clinic of 1 hospital, for which one of the criteria for referral is respiratory exacerbations (>2 annual exacerbations or ≥1 hospitalization). Consequently, we routinely evaluate a large number of patients with BE, which may have led to a prevalence of mild disease among our study population. These findings should be corroborated with future studies conducted in groups with more balanced severity scores.</p><p id="par0050" class="elsevierStylePara elsevierViewall">In conclusion, in our series of BE patients, cough had a moderate impact on quality of life, which was more pronounced in women, and tended to increase in line with more severe BE.</p></span>" "pdfFichero" => "main.pdf" "tienePdf" => true "NotaPie" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etiqueta" => "☆" "nota" => "<p class="elsevierStyleNotepara" id="npar0005">Please cite this article as: Girón Moreno RM, Sánchez Azofra A, Aldave Orzaiz B, Pastor Sanz MT, Ancochea J. ¿Existe un mayor impacto de la tos en la calidad de vida según el pronóstico de bronquiectasias? Arch Bronconeumol. 2018;54:238–239.</p>" ] ] "multimedia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:8 [ "identificador" => "tbl0005" "etiqueta" => "Table 1" "tipo" => "MULTIMEDIATABLA" "mostrarFloat" => true "mostrarDisplay" => false "detalles" => array:1 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "at1" "detalle" => "Table " "rol" => "short" ] ] "tabla" => array:2 [ "leyenda" => "<p id="spar0010" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Abbreviations: SD: Standard deviation.</p><p id="spar0015" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Statistical tests: FACED, EFACED+Leicester: Spearman's rho; FACED classification, EFACED classification+Leicester: Kruskal–Wallis H test; Sex+Leicester: Mann–Whitney <span class="elsevierStyleItalic">U</span> test.</p>" "tablatextoimagen" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "tabla" => array:1 [ 0 => """ <table border="0" frame="\n \t\t\t\t\tvoid\n \t\t\t\t" class=""><thead title="thead"><tr title="table-row"><th class="td" title="table-head " align="" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black"> \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " colspan="2" align="center" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Leicester Physical</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Leicester Psychological \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Leicester Social \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th><th class="td" title="table-head " align="left" valign="top" scope="col" style="border-bottom: 2px solid black">Overall Score \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</th></tr></thead><tbody title="tbody"><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="middle">FACED</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Correlation coefficient/</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">P</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">-value</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">−0.20/0.06</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">−0.21/0.04 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">−0.18/0.08 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">−0.19/0.06 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="middle">FACED classification</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Mean±SD</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mild \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.44±1.14 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.51±1.51 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.77±1.24 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">16.68±3.72 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Moderate \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.09±1.19 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.11±1.49 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.32±1.69 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">15.08±4.69 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Severe \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.46±1.41 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.48±1.74 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.88±1.63 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">13.81±4.60 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">P</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">-value</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">0.105</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.124 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.283 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.126 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="2" align="left" valign="middle">EFACED</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Correlation coefficient/</span><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">P</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">-value</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">−0.26/0.01</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">−0.28/0.01 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">−0.23/0.02 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">−0.25/0.01 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="6" align="left" valign="middle">EFACED classification</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Mean±SD</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Mild \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.37±1.16 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.48±1.52 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.78±1.26 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">16.40±3.87 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Moderate \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.02±1.24 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.96±1.52 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.14±1.73 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">14.91±4.80 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">Severe \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">3.76±0.53 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.00±1.00 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.25±1.77 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">12.01±3.30 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">P</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">-value</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">0.087</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.066 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.136 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.175 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="6" align="left" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleVsp" style="height:0.5px"></span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " rowspan="5" align="left" valign="middle">SEX</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">Mean±SD</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">WOMEN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.99±1.21 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">4.95±1.57 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.23±1.59 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">14.87±4.49 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td-with-role" title="table-entry ; entry_with_role_rowhead " align="left" valign="top">MEN \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.66±1.07 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">5.88±1.20 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">6.05±1.13 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">17.54±3.23 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="5" align="center" valign="top"><span class="elsevierStyleItalic"><span class="elsevierStyleBold">P</span></span><span class="elsevierStyleBold">-value</span></td></tr><tr title="table-row"><td class="td" title="table-entry " colspan="2" align="left" valign="top">0.014</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.005 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.011 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td><td class="td" title="table-entry " align="left" valign="top">0.006 \t\t\t\t\t\t\n \t\t\t\t</td></tr></tbody></table> """ ] "imagenFichero" => array:1 [ 0 => "xTab1720489.png" ] ] ] ] "descripcion" => array:1 [ "en" => "<p id="spar0005" class="elsevierStyleSimplePara elsevierViewall">Measures of Association Between the Leicester Cough Questionnaire, Bronchiectasis Severity, and Sex.</p>" ] ] ] "bibliografia" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "References" "seccion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "identificador" => "bibs0015" "bibliografiaReferencia" => array:10 [ 0 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0055" "etiqueta" => "1" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Validation of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire in non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "M.P. Murray" 1 => "K. Turnbull" 2 => "S. MacQuarrie" 3 => "J.L. Pentland" 4 => "A.T. Hill" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1183/09031936.00160508" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "2009" "volumen" => "34" "paginaInicial" => "125" "paginaFinal" => "311" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19196812" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 1 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0060" "etiqueta" => "2" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Validation of a Spanish version of the Leicester Cough Questionnaire in non cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "G. Muñoz" 1 => "M. Buxó" 2 => "J. de Gracia" 3 => "C. Olveira" 4 => "M.A. Martinez-Garcia" 5 => "R. Giron" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1177/1479972316632005" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Chron Respir Dis" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "13" "paginaInicial" => "128" "paginaFinal" => "136" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26902541" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 2 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0065" "etiqueta" => "3" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Computed tomography of bronchiectasis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:5 [ 0 => "D.P. Naidich" 1 => "D.I. McCauley" 2 => "N.F. Khouri" 3 => "F.P. Stitik" 4 => "S.S. Siegelman" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "J Comput Assist Tomogr" "fecha" => "1982" "volumen" => "6" "paginaInicial" => "437" "paginaFinal" => "444" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7096687" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 3 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0070" "etiqueta" => "4" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Diagnosis and treatment of bronchiectasis. Spanish Society of Pneumology and Thoracic Surgery" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M. Vendrell" 1 => "J. de Gracia" 2 => "C. Olveira" 3 => "M.A. Martínez" 4 => "R. Girón" 5 => "L. Máiz" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol" "fecha" => "2008" "volumen" => "44" "paginaInicial" => "629" "paginaFinal" => "640" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19007570" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 4 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0075" "etiqueta" => "5" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Multidimensional approach to non-cystic fibrosis bronchiectasis: the FACED score" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.A. Martínez-García" 1 => "J. de García" 2 => "M. Vendrell Relat" 3 => "R.M. Girón" 4 => "L. Máiz Carro" 5 => "D. de la Rosa Carrillo" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1183/09031936.00026313" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Eur Respir J" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "43" "paginaInicial" => "1357" "paginaFinal" => "1367" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24232697" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 5 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0080" "etiqueta" => "6" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Predicting high risk of exacerbations in bronchiectasis: the EFACED score" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "M.A. Martinez-Garcia" 1 => "R.A. Athanazio" 2 => "R. Girón" 3 => "L. Máiz-Carro" 4 => "D. de la Rosa" 5 => "C. Olveira" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.2147/COPD.S121943" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis" "fecha" => "2017" "volumen" => "12" "paginaInicial" => "275" "paginaFinal" => "284" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/28182132" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 6 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0085" "etiqueta" => "7" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Trastornos psicológicos y calidad de vida en pacientes con bronquiectasias no relacionadas con fibrosis quística" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "R.M. Girón" 1 => "G. Fernandes" 2 => "C. Cisneros" 3 => "R.M. Gómez-Punter" 4 => "G. Segrelles" 5 => "J. Ancochea" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1016/j.arbres.2013.01.012" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Arch Bronconeumol" "fecha" => "2013" "volumen" => "49" "paginaInicial" => "415" "paginaFinal" => "420" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24008154" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 7 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0090" "etiqueta" => "8" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Cómo valorar la gravedad y el pronóstico de las bronquiectasias" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => false "autores" => array:3 [ 0 => "C. Olveira" 1 => "J. Cordeiro da Costa" 2 => "M.A. Martínez-García" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:1 [ "Revista" => array:5 [ "tituloSerie" => "Monogr Arch Bronconeumol" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "3" "paginaInicial" => "10" "paginaFinal" => "18" ] ] ] ] ] ] 8 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0095" "etiqueta" => "9" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The validity of health-related quality of life questionnaires in bronchiectasis: a systematic review and meta-analysis" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "A. Spinou" 1 => "K.C. Fragkos" 2 => "K.K. Lee" 3 => "C. Elston" 4 => "R.J. Siegert" 5 => "M.R. Loebinger" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1136/thoraxjnl-2015-207315" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Thorax" "fecha" => "2016" "volumen" => "71" "paginaInicial" => "683" "paginaFinal" => "694" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26869589" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] 9 => array:3 [ "identificador" => "bib0100" "etiqueta" => "10" "referencia" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "contribucion" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "titulo" => "The Bronchiectasis Severity Index. An International Derivation and Validation Study" "autores" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "etal" => true "autores" => array:6 [ 0 => "J.D. Chalmers" 1 => "P. Goeminne" 2 => "S. Aliberti" 3 => "M.J. McDonnell" 4 => "S. Lonni" 5 => "J. Davidson" ] ] ] ] ] "host" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "doi" => "10.1164/rccm.201309-1575OC" "Revista" => array:6 [ "tituloSerie" => "Am J Respir Crit Care Med" "fecha" => "2014" "volumen" => "189" "paginaInicial" => "576" "paginaFinal" => "585" "link" => array:1 [ 0 => array:2 [ "url" => "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/24328736" "web" => "Medline" ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" "url" => "/15792129/0000005400000004/v2_201804150412/S1579212918300405/v2_201804150412/en/main.assets" "Apartado" => array:4 [ "identificador" => "45358" "tipo" => "SECCION" "en" => array:2 [ "titulo" => "Letters to the Editor" "idiomaDefecto" => true ] "idiomaDefecto" => "en" ] "PDF" => "https://static.elsevier.es/multimedia/15792129/0000005400000004/v2_201804150412/S1579212918300405/v2_201804150412/en/main.pdf?idApp=UINPBA00003Z&text.app=https://archbronconeumol.org/" "EPUB" => "https://multimedia.elsevier.es/PublicationsMultimediaV1/item/epub/S1579212918300405?idApp=UINPBA00003Z" ]
