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Vol. 29. Issue 3.
Pages 153-157 (April 1993)
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Vol. 29. Issue 3.
Pages 153-157 (April 1993)
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Complicaciones de la broncofibroscopia
Complications of fiberoptic bronchoscopy
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5135
E. García Pachón, C. Puzo, J. Castella
Sección de Broncología. Servicio de Aparato Respiratorio. Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau. Universitat Autónoma. Barcelona
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La broncofibroscopia es una exploración con pocas complicaciones. La mayoría de éstas se deben a características de los pacientes, al uso de premedicación excesiva o se asocian a determinadas técnicas. La edad avanzada de los pacientes, la presencia de hiperreactividad bronquial o de enfermedades graves, son factores de riesgo que deben evaluarse antes de la indicación y realización de la BF para tomar las medidas adecuadas. En el lavado broncoalveolar se han descrito algunas complicaciones (deterioro de la función pulmonar, broncoespasmo, fiebre, etc.) en general de escasa trascendencia. Las complicaciones más frecuentes de la biopsia transbronquial son el neumotórax y la hemorragia, aunque su incidencia es escasa. En enfermos críticos y en ventilación mecánica hay que tomar medidas específicas para asegurar la ventilación adecuada y el control hemodinámico. Además del conocimiento de los riesgos, es exigible disponer de los medios adecuados para intervenir cuando se presenten las complicaciones.

Fiberoptic broncoschopy is an exploration with few complications, most being due to characteristics of the patients such as excessive premedication or associated to determined techniques. Advanced age of the patients, the presence of bronchial hyperreactivity or serious diseases are risk factors with must be evaluated prior to the indication and performance of fiberoptic bronchoscopy in order for adequate measures to be taken. Some complications, which are generally of little importance, have been described in bronchoalveolar lavage (deterioration of lung function, bronchospasm, fever, etc). The most frequent complications of transbronchial biopsy are pneumothorax, and hemorrhage, although the incidence is slight. In critically ill patients, and in mechanical ventilation specific measures should be taken to ensure adequate ventilation and hemodynamic control. Further to knowledge of the risks, adequate measures should be available upon presenta don of complications.

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Copyright © 1993. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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