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Vol. 26. Issue 8.
Pages 341-345 (November - December 1990)
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Vol. 26. Issue 8.
Pages 341-345 (November - December 1990)
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Calcio y contractilidad diafragmática. modificación por las metilxantinas
Calcium and diaphragmatic contractility. Modification by methilxantines
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A. De Diego, M. Perpiñá, E. Morcillo
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital La Fe, Valencia
J. Oron*, J.L. Ortiz*, J. Cortijo*
* Departamento de Farmacología. Facultad de Medicina. Valencia
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En el presente estudio se han investigado las fuentes de Ca2+ utilizadas en la contractilidad diafragmática así como la modificación producida por teofilina (TE) y cafeína (CA) (5x10-5M a 5x10-4M). Para ellos, utilizamos tiras de músculo diafragmático de cobayo (0.5x15 mm) estimulado eléctricamente mediante pulsos simples de 0,2 ms, 1 Hz, aplicados 3 veces por minuto.

La respuesta contráctil o twitch tension (TT) evocada por el estímulo eléctrico fue de 84 ± 7 mg F (X ± EEM) y no se modificó en presencia de neostigmina (10-5M), pancuronio (10-5M) o tetrodotoxina (10-6 g/ml), descartando así cualquier acción indirecta del estímulo eléctrico sobre la transmisión nerviosa.

Cuando se utilizaron soluciones nutricias sin Ca2+, la contractilidad sólo disminuyó un 19 ± 3% y no se modificó en presencia de verapamil 10-5 M. Por el contrario, el dantroleno sódico produjo una disminución en la TT del 73 ± 3%.

El tratamiento con TE y CA produjo incrementos significativos en la TT del 65 ± 10% y 105 ± 13%, respectivamente. Estos incrementos tampoco se vieron modificados en presencia de verapamil 10-5 M ó solución libre de Ca2+. Asimismo, TE y CA no sólo no revirtieron los efectos inhibidores del dantroleno sino que potenciaron la TT en un 50 y un 72%, respectivamente.

Los resultados obtenidos en nuestro modelo experimental in vitro nos indican que: a) la contractilidad diafragmática, al igual que el resto de los músculos esqueléticos, sólo dependen parcialmente del Ca2+ extracelular y b) las metilxantinas ejercen un efecto potenciador de la fuerza contráctil diafragmática, no dependiente del Ca2+ extracelular y probablemente relacionado con la liberación intracelular del Ca2+.

In the present study, the sources of Ca2+ used in the diaphragmatic contractility and the changes induced by teophylline (TE) and caffeine (CA) (5 x 10-5M) were investigated. To this end we used strips of diaphragm muscle from guinea pigs (0,5 x 15 mm), électrically stimulated with simple 0,2 ms, 1 Hz pulses, delivered 3 times per minute.

The contractile response or twitch tension (TT) elicited by the electrical stimulus was 84 ± 7mg F (X ± SEM) and did not change in the presence of neostigmine (10-5M), pancuronium (10-5M) or tetrodotoxin (10-6 g/ml). Thus, any indirect action of the electrical stimulus on the nervous transmission was ruled out.

When nutrient Solutions free from Ca2+ were used, the contractility was only reduced in 19 ± 3 °/0 and did not change in the presence of verapamil 10-5M. By contrast, sodium dantrolene induced a 73 ± 3% reduction in TT.

The treatment with TE and CA induced significant TT increases of 65 ± 10% and 105 ± 13%, respectively. These increases also did not change in the presence of verapamil 10-5M or of Ca2+ free solution. Also, TE and CA not only did not reverse the inhibitory effects of dantrolene, but they potentiated TT by 50% and 72%, respectively.

The results of our in vitro experimental model suggest that: a) Diaphragmatic contractility, as in the other skeletal muscles, only partially depends from extracellular Ca2+, and b) Methyxanthines have a potentiating effect on diaphragmatic contractile force, independent from extracellular Ca2+ and probably related to the intracellular release of Ca2+.

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Copyright © 1990. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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