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Vol. 47. Issue 2.
Pages 103-105 (January 2011)
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Vol. 47. Issue 2.
Pages 103-105 (January 2011)
Clinical Note
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Activating and Resistance Mutations of the Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor (EGFR) Gene and Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Clinical Reality
Isoenzimas de lactatodeshidrogenasa en el músculo esquelético de pacientes con EPOC
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Álvaro Tausa,
Corresponding author
ATaus@imas.imim.es

Corresponding author.
, Iván Vollmerb, Edurne Arriolaa
a Servicio de Oncología Médica, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
b IDIMAS-CRC-Mar, Servicio de Radiología, Hospital del Mar, Barcelona, Spain
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Abstract

In non-small cell lung cancer, EGFR gene mutations identify a patient sub-population with different clinical characteristics and treatment responses than those who do not present these mutations. There are mutations that lead to increased sensitivity to EGFR-targeted therapy, as well as mutations that result in resistance. The determination of EGFR mutations involves a change in the therapeutic approach to lung cancer patients in current clinical practice. In this article we present a case of a patient suffering from a metastatic lung adenocarcinoma with an activating mutation on diagnosis, initially responding to treatment with erlotinib, who subsequently developed a secondary resistance due to acquiring the T790M mutation in exon 20 of the EGFR gene.

Keywords:
Epidermal growth factor receptor
Mutation
T790M
Cancer
Lung
Tyrosine-kinase inhibitors
Erlotinib
Gefitinib
Resumen

En el cáncer de pulmón de célula no pequeña, las mutaciones del gen de EGFR identifican una subpoblación de pacientes con unas características clínicas y de respuesta al tratamiento diferente de aquellos que no presentan dichas mutaciones. Existen tanto mutaciones que derivan en un aumento de sensibilidad al tratamiento dirigido contra estas alteraciones génicas como mutaciones que confieren resistencia a los mismos tratamientos. La determinación de las mutaciones de EGFR implica cambios en la actitud terapéutica de los pacientes con cáncer de pulmón en la práctica clínica habitual. En este artículo presentamos un caso de una paciente afecta de un adenocarcinoma pulmonar metastático con una mutación activadora al diagnóstico, inicialmente respondedora a tratamiento con erlotinib, que posteriormente desarrolla una resistencia secundaria mediante la adquisición de la mutación T790M en el exón 20 del gen EGFR.

Palabras clave:
Receptor del factor de crecimiento epidérmico
Mutación
T790M
Cáncer
Pulmón
Inhibidores tirosin-kinasa
Erlotinib
Gefitinib
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Copyright © 2011. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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