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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 79-83 (February 1999)
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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 79-83 (February 1999)
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Utilidad de una técnica de amplificación genética (LCx® MTB) para el diagnóstico de tuberculosis: resultados preliminares con muestras diferentes al esputo
The usefulness of a gene amplification diagnostic technique (LCx®MTB) for tuberculosis: preliminary results with non-sputum samples
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M.C. Hernández Gracia, J. Batista Hernández, C. Casanova Hernández, C. Casanova Macario
Servicios de Neumología. Hospital de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria. Santa Cruz de Tenerife
A. Torres Lana
,1
Corresponding author
atlana@iull.es

Correspondencia: Serrano, 7. 3.° dcha. 38004 Santa Cruz de Tenerife.
, M. Lecuona Fernández*, C. Oliva Fernández**, A. Sierra López*
** Pediatría. Hospital de Nuestra Señora de la Candelaria. Santa Cru/de Tenerife
* Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario de Canarias. La Laguna
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Objetivos

El objetivo de este trabajo ha sido evaluar una técnica de amplificación molecular comercializada (LCx® MTB, Abbott Diagnóstica) en el diagnóstico de tuberculosis con muestras diferentes al esputo.

Material y método

Hemos trabajado con 99 muestras, diferentes al esputo, pertenecientes a otros tantos pacientes (lavado broncoalveolar, líquido pleural y ascítico, muestras fecales, hemocultivos, biopsias de diferente procedencia, reacción en cadena de la polimerasa, líquido cefalorraquídeo, orina y jugo gástrico) y 14 esputos (10 con sospecha clínica de tuberculosis y cuatro procedentes de pacientes diagnosticados y tratados de tuberculosis de forma correcta al menos durante un mes). Todas las muestras se procesaron con el sistema LCx® MTB, según las instrucciones del fabricante. La referencia diagnóstica fue el medio Löwenstein-Jensen, y en los casos discrepantes se tuvo en cuenta el grado de sospecha clínica, la respuesta al tratamiento y la histología.

Resultados

De las 99 muestras, siete fueron positivas con LCx y, de éstas, seis fueron Löwenstein-Jensen positivas y una no pudo ser valorada por contaminación del cultivo. Hubo un caso con Löwenstein-Jensen positivo y LCx negativo. Tan sólo una muestra presentó tinción de Ziehl-Neelsen positiva. Noventa y dos muestras fueron LCx negativas, no presentando crecimiento 91 de ellas. Estos datos otorgan una sensibilidad a la técnica del 86% y una especificidad del 98%. Hubo 4 casos de micobacterias atípicas, con LCx negativo en todas ellas.

Conclusiones

El sistema LCx permite un diagnóstico de tuberculosis con muestras diferentes al esputo sencillo, rápido, sensible y específico.

Palabras clave:
Tuberculosis
Esputo
Amplificación molecular
Objective

To evalúate the use in non-sputum samples of a commercial molecular amplification kit (LCx®MTB, Abbott Diagnostica) (LCx) for the diagnosis of tuberculosis.

Material and method

Ninety-nine non-sputum samples from the same number of patients (bronchoalveolar, pleural and ascitic fluid, fecal samples, blood cultures, biopsies from different sites, cerebrospinal fluid, urine and gastric juices) and 14 sputum samples (10 from patients clinically suspected of havig tuberculosis and 4 from patients diagnosed of tuberculosis and undergoing appropriate treatment for at least one month). All samples were LCx processed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The reference diagnosis was obtained by the Löwestein-jensen method and when results were inconsistent, we took into account the degree of clinical suspicion, response to treatment and histology.

Results

Seven of the 99 samples were positive by the LCx technique, and 6 of the 7 were also LJ positive; 1 could not be evaluated because of culture contamination. One LJ positive culture was LCx negative. Only one sample was positive by Ziehl-Neelsen (ZN) staineng. Ninety-two samples were LCx negaative, with 91 showing no growth at all. Sensitivity was 86% and specificity 98%. Atypical mycobacteria were detected in 4 cases, all of which were LCx negative.

Conclusions

Diagnosis of tuberculosis by applying the LCx sustem to various types of samples other than sputum is simple, rapid, sensitive and specific.

Key words:
Tuberculosis
Sputum
Molecular amplification
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