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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 64-70 (February 1999)
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Vol. 35. Issue 2.
Pages 64-70 (February 1999)
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Trasplante pulmonar en el Papworth Hospital: 9 años de experiencia
Lung transplantation at Papworth Hospital: Nine years’ experience
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J.M. Herrera*, K. McNeil, E. Wells, J. Wallwork
The Transplant Unit. Papworth Hospital. Cambridge. Reino Unido
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Objetivos

LOS objetivos de este trabajo fueron revisar y comparar los resultados del trasplante unipulmonar (TUP) y bipulmonar (TBP).

Metodos

Ciento veintitrés pacientes sometidos a trasplante entre septiembre de 1988 y julio de 1997 (99 TUP y 24 TBP) fueron revisados con un seguimiento medio de 749 días.

Resultados

Existieron diferencias significativas entre las poblaciones de receptores en cuanto a la indicación predominante (restrictiva en el TUP y séptica en el TBP), edad media (50,3±9,2 años en el TUP frente a 40,6±14,3 años en el TBP) y estado de nutrición (índice de masa corporal [IMC]: 21,5±4 en el TUP frente a 18,6±2,7 en el TBP). Durante el procedimiento, el TBP presentó un tiempo de isquemia mayor (287±75min frente a 242±65min; p=0,01) y más frecuente uso de circulación extracorpórea (el 67 frente al 37%; p=0,005).

En el período inmediato, la morbilidad del TBP fue mayor por causa del sangrado postoperatorio (1.046±848ml frente a 690±503ml; p=0,01) y del tiempo de intubación (9h, rango intercuartil 7-13, frente a 5h, rango intercuartil 2-10; p=0,001). También presentaron una mayor frecuencia de infecciones respiratorias durante los primeros 3 meses.

A largo plazo, los pacientes con TBP demostraron una capacidad funcional mayor que los del TUP y la diferencia se mantuvo durante los 3 años del seguimiento. Sin embargo, los reingresos fueron más frecuentes en el TBP debido a las infecciones (0,40 frente a 0,26 reingresos por paciente y 100 días; p<0,02).

Conclusiones

El trasplante pulmonar, uni y bilateral, es una opción terapéutica válida para pacientes con patología pulmonar en fase terminal, siendo el TBP el que ofrece mejores expectativas de recuperación funcional a largo plazo sin perjuicio de la supervivencia.

Palabras clave:
Trasplante pulmonar
Objective

To review and compare our results for single lung transplantation (SLT) and double lung transplantation (DLT).

Methods

One hundred twenty-three patients transplanted between September 1988 and July 1997 (99 SLT and 24 DLT) were reviewed. Mean follow-up was 749 days.

Results

The following variables were significantly different for the two recipient populations: the most common indication was restriction for SLT and sepsis for DLT; mean ages were 50.3±9.2 and 40.6±14.3 for SLT and DLT, respectively; and nutritional status measured as body mass index was 21.5±4 for SLT and 18.6±2.7 for DLT. DLT patients experienced longer periods of ischemia during surgery (287±75min versus 242±65min for SLT, p=0.01) and more of them required extracorporeal circulation (67% versus 37%, p=0.005).

Early postoperative morbidity after DLT was greater because of bleeding (1,046±848ml versus 690±503ml; p= 0.01) and time of intubation (9hours, interquartile range 7 to 13 for DLT patients versus 5hours, interquartile range 1 to 10 for SLT; p=0.001). DLT recipients also suffered more respiratory infections during the first 3 months after surgery.

Long term, DLT patients had greater pulmonary function capacity than did SLT patients, a difference that was maintained over the three years of follow-up. Readmission was more frequent among DLT patients because of infection (0.40 versus 0.26 readmissions per patient per 100 days; p< 0.02).

Conclusions

Both unilateral and bilateral lung transplants are valid therapeutic options for patients with terminal phase lung disease. DLT offers more hope of long term functional recovery without negatively affecting survival.

Key words:
Lung transplantation
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Copyright © 1999. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
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