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Vol. 33. Issue 2.
Pages 69-73 (February 1997)
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Vol. 33. Issue 2.
Pages 69-73 (February 1997)
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Poligrafía respiratoria en el diagnóstico del síndrome de apneas obstructivas durante el sueño
Respiratory polygraphy for diagnosing obstructive sieep apnea syndrome
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E.M. García Díaz*, F. Capote Gil, S. Cano Gómez, A. Sánchez Armengol, C. Carmona Bernal, J.G. Soto Campos
Servicio de Neumología. Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío. Sevilla
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El método diagnóstico clásico para el síndrome de apnea obstructiva del sueño (SAOS) es el registro polisomnográfico de una noche entera. Uno de los métodos alternativos de diagnóstico propuestos es la poligrafía respiratoria, procedimiento simplificado que consiste en la monitorización nocturna de la saturación de oxígeno, flujo oronasal y movimientos respiratorios. El objetivo de nuestro estudio ha sido evaluar la eficacia de la poligrafía respiratoria en el diagnóstico de SAOS, comparándola con la polisomnografía convencional. Para ello hemos estudiado a 101 pacientes, 92 varones y 9 mujeres, a los que se les ha realizado un registro del sueño. Consideramos criterio diagnóstico de SAOS un índice de apnea-hipopnea por hora de sueño (IAH) ≥ 10. Para evaluar la validez diagnóstica de la poligrafía respiratoria consideramos compatible con SAOS, por un lado, un IAH por hora de registro (IAHTC) ≥ 10 y, por otro, un índice de desaturaciones (IDTC) ≥ 10. Se obtuvo el diagnóstico de SAOS en 60 pacientes. El IAHTC fue ≥ 10 en 56 casos, lo que supone 4 falsos negativos con una sensibilidad del 93,3% y una especificidad del 100%. El IDTC fue ≥ de 10 en 65 pacientes, encontrándose 7 falsos positivos y 2 falsos negativos (sensibilidad del 96,6% y especificidad del 82,9%). Por lo tanto, se puede concluir que la poligrafía respiratoria es un método específico y altamente sensible para el diagnóstico de SAOS.

Palabras clave:
Síndrome de apnea del sueño
Diagnóstico
Poligrafía respiratoria

The traditional way of diagnosing obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) is all-night polysomnographic recording. A proposed alternative is respiratory polygraphy, a simplified procedure that consists in nighttime monitoring of oxygen saturation, oronasal flow and respiratory movements. Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy of respiratory polygraphy in diagnosing OSAS in comparison with conventional polysomnography. We studied 101 patients (92 men and 9 women) who had undergone polysomnography. An apneahypopnea index (AHI) ≥ 10 was considered to be the diagnostic criterion for OSAS. To assess the diagnostic validity of respiratory polygraphy we considered that an AHI per hour of recording ≥ 10 and a desaturation index per hour of recording ≥ 10 were consistent with a diagnosis of OSAS. Sixty patients were diagnosed of OSAS. The AHI per hour of recording was ≥ 10 in 56 patients, with 4 false negatives (sensitivity 93.3% and specificity 100%). The desaturation index per hour of recording was ≥ 10 in 65 patients, with 7 false positives and 2 false negatives (sensitivity 96.6% and specificity 82.9%). We conclude that respiratory polysomnography is a specific, highly sensitive method for diagnosing OSAS.

Key words:
Obstructive sleep apnea syndrome
Diagnosis
Respiratory polygraphy
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Copyright © 1997. Sociedad Española de Neumología y Cirugía Torácica
Archivos de Bronconeumología
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